Son of David PDF

Son of David Joseph John, PhD  Son of David: Definitions The title Son of D vid, when used s christolo ic l title, si ni es Jesus s the D vidic Messi h, with implic tions to politic l, kin ship-roy l overtones....

Son of David Joseph John, PhD  Son of David: Definitions The title Son of D vid, when used s christolo ic l title, si ni es Jesus s the D vidic Messi h, with implic tions to politic l, kin ship-roy l overtones. The title underscores the ful lment of God’s promises to D vid, re rdin the etern l rei n of D vid’s ‘o sprin ’ (e.., 2 S m 7:12-16), who cts s the unique ent in brin in the rule of God to the e rth, rule th t is ch r cterized by s lv tion nd blessin (D.R. B uer) a a g a a a a g g a g a a g ff fi a a g a g a a a a a g a g a a g a a fi a a a g a a g Son of David: Definitions Unlike other titles, Son of D vid pl ys minor role in depictin Jesus - Less frequent in New Test ment (11 times). All within the Synoptic Gospels. (i) Son of D vid is used lw ys with reference to Jesus’ e rthly existence, never of his he venly or ex lted st te. (ii) D vidic sonship is implied, when Jesus is mentioned s Kin , even when the phr se f ils to occur. a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a g g Son of David: Old Testament Backdrop The origins of messianic anticipations of a Davidic descendant as a future king originates from God’s promise to David (2Sam 7:10-16; Ps 89:1-4).  Son of David: Old Testament Backdrop The expect tions extended to the prophets like Jeremi h, Ezekiel, H i, nd Zech ri h, who spoke of ‘ri hteous br nch,’ reconcilin people to Y hweh, reest blishin Isr el nd f cilit tin the entiles to dr w to Jerus lem to behold the lory ofY hweh (Jer 23:5-8; 30:21-22; Ezek 37:21 -23; Zech 3:&10; 6:12-15; H 2:21-22). The prophets envis ed mort l hum n bein in u ur tin dyn sty th t continues forever throu h his descend nts. g a a a a g a a a g a g a a a g a a g a a a g g a g a a a g g a a a a g g a a a a a g  Son of David: Old Testament Backdrop In the exile, the anticipations of a the Messiah solidi ed with the central notion of a re-establishment of Davidic throne and return of the exiles. fi  Son of David: Old Testament Backdrop D vidic expect tion continued in post-exilic writin s. Ps lms of Solomon, ph ris ic composition round BC 50 underst nds Son of D vid s ruler who violently c sts out the forei n n tions occupyin Jerus lem, nd jud es ll n tions of the e rth. However, this e rthly, hum n ure, espouses n esch tolo ic l nd univers l dimensions beyond the notions of the prophets. a a a a a a a a a a g fi g a a a g g a a a a g a a a a a g a a a Son of David: Significance 1. The idea of Son of David contributed to the development of early church’s christology. 2. In the synoptic gospels, it facilitated the speci c content for the christological categories of Christ and Son of God. fi  Son of David: Historical Jesus D vidic expect tions kin to the ‘post-exilic’ n ture w s live durin Jesus’ time. Jesus w s executed for his cl im to be the kin of Jews - lle edly invitin politic l nd milit ry rebellion inst Rome. Disciples held spir tions of D vidic kin - (i) Request of J mes nd John to be se ted on either sides of Jesus (Mk 10:36-45); (ii) Disciples’ request for restor tion of kin dom - both ch r cterisin pure politic l, n tion listic, e rthly kin ship. a a a a a a a g a a g a a a a a a a g a a a g g g a a a a a a a g a a g a g  Son of David: Historical Jesus Most schol rs cknowled e th t Jesus perceived himself s the Son of D vid. However, Jesus proceeded for cl ri c tion: Usin Ps lm 110:1, Jesus described himself s the Son of D vid, nd t the s me time s tr nscendent bein whose lory nd uthority surp sses D vid. B uer re ects this tension, “Son of D vid is therefore n ccur te but not fully dequ te description of the Messi h.” a a a g a fl a a a a a g a a a a a a a fi a a a a g a a a a a a a a a g a  Son of David: Jesus’ Redefinition Jesus cknowled ed the D vidic Sonship, yet “rejected the n tion listic nd milit ristic conceptions,” which ccomp nied the Son of D vid title mon the Jews. For Jesus, Kin dom c me never by violence or politic l interventions or m nipul tions, nor ch r cterised by oppressive, uthorit ri n rule (Mk 10:42-44). Jesus s the Son of D vid presented himself s one who cted mercifully (Mk 10:46-52), willin to ive his life on beh lf of his people (Mk 8:31; 9:30-31; 10:32-34) nd lso for ‘m ny’ (10:45). Those who p rticip te in his kin dom follow him in the w y of submission nd s cri ci l service (Mk 8:34-38). a a a a a fi a a a a a g a g g a g a a a a a g a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a g a  Son of David: Gospel of Mark Lone us e: B rtim eus cry (10:46-52). M rk n Jesus cknowled es the title nd unle shes his potency for restor tion. Eyesi ht restor tion or brin in wholeness to the oppressed, now f lls under messi nic prero tive of the D vidic Son. This D vidic restor tion is precursor to Jesus’ triumph l entry (11:1-11). “M rk indic tes th t Jesus is the type of D vidic kin described by Zech ri h: humble s vior who brin s pe ce nd blessin to the n tions. Althou h the people properly h ilJesus s the D vidic prince who brin s God's kin dom of s lv tion to them” (B uer). However, Jesus cl ri es th t, lthou h Son of D vid, he is lso D vid’s Lord (12:35-37) a a a a a a a g a a a a g a a a a fi a a a a a a g g a a a g a a a g a g a a g a g a a g a a g a a g a g a a a a  Son of David: Gospel of Matthew M tthew’s insertion of the title Son of D vid extends beyond M rk’s inst nces. Gunther Bornk mm nd Bur er r ue th t Son of D vid is chief christolo ic l c te ory in M tthew. M tthe n Jesus tr ces his ene lo y s D vid’s son throu h the Joseph, the step f ther of Jesus. “Joseph, son of D vid, dopts Jesus by ivin him his n me (1:20-25)… Nevertheless, Jesus is Son of D vid by doption, but Son of God by conception (2:15;3:17).” (B uer). M tthe n Jesus is the unique Son of D vid, subversive kin ship. “As Son of D vid, Jesus is the Messi h-kin in the line of D vid who h s been sent by God speci c lly to the people of Isr el, not in order to exercise oppressive rule over them (20:20-21:17) but to brin them s lv tion nd deliver nce by he lin them of their dise ses.” a a a a a g a a g a a a a a a a a a g g a g a a a a g g a a a a a a a a a a a a a g g g g a g a a a a g fi a a a  Son of David: Gospel of Matthew M tthe n Jesus’ response to the ‘cry of mercy’ pre xed by the Son of D vid confession of his subjects (9:21; 15:22;20:31) serves two functions; (i) introduces Jesus s the D vidic Son turned ‘subversive’ kin o erin wholeness to his oppressed subjects, nd usherin those who believin in him to the blessin s of esch tolo ic l e. (ii) since only the ‘unimport nt’ of the society receives the blessin s, Son of D vid lso indic tes Isr el’s rejection of its D vidic kin - due to its rebellion nd uilt. a a a a a g g a a a a a a g a a a g a g fi g g ff g g g a  Son of David: Gospel of Luke Luke el bor tely rms D vidic Sonship of Jesus. Luk n Jesus is born in the ‘city of D vid’ (2:4, 11) to wom n betrothed to Joseph in the line e of D vid. Luke con rms (i) th t s D vidic descend nt, Jesus will be bestowed with D vid’s throne - “He will be re t, nd will be c lled the Son of the Most Hi h, nd the Lord God will ive to him the throne of his ncestor D vid” (1:32-33) (ii) th t s lv tion is blessin o ered throu h Jesus the D vidic Son-kin (1:69; 4:16-30). (iii) In Jesus, God re lises the promises of est blishment of D vid’s kin dom (Zion) nd consequent s lv tion (4:18; cf. Is 61:1-11). Luke cl ri es the subversive n ture of kin ship of D vidic-Son - not one of politic lly or milit rily motiv ted, r ther intervention of s lv tion inspired by God’s mercy. a a a a g a a a g fi fi ff a a a ffi a a g g a a a a a a a a a a a a a g a a a a g a a g a a g a a g a a a a a a a