SNC2D Exam Review Jan 2024 Physics Answers PDF

SNC2D1 EXAM REVIEW PHYSICS Light and Geometric Optics 1. List the electromagnetic waves and provide an application for each. Radio waves AM/FM radio, TV signals, cellphone communication, radar, astronomy Microwaves Telecommunications, microwave ovens, astronomy Infrared...

SNC2D1 EXAM REVIEW PHYSICS Light and Geometric Optics 1. List the electromagnetic waves and provide an application for each. Radio waves AM/FM radio, TV signals, cellphone communication, radar, astronomy Microwaves Telecommunications, microwave ovens, astronomy Infrared Remote controls, lasers, keeps food warm (fast-food), physical therapy Visible light human vision, theatre/concert lighting, rainbows Ultraviolet Causes skin to tan and sunburn, increases risk of developing skin cancer, stimulates production of vitamin D, kills bacteria in food and water (sterilization), “black” lights X-ray medical imaging, security equipment (luggage screening), cancer treatment (radiation) Gamma Ray Cancer treatment (radiation), product of some nuclear decay 2. a) Describe the following types of light production and provide an example for each: electric discharge, fluorescence, incandescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence. Electric discharge: Production of light involving the passing of electric current through a gas. (e.g., neon sign) Fluorescence: Immediate emission of light by absorbing ultraviolet light (e.g., highlighters). Incandescence: Production of light due to high temperatures. (e.g., standard incandescent light bulb with tungsten filament) Phosphorescence: Light is emitted over a long period of time because of absorption of ultraviolet light. (e.g., glow-in-the dark stickers) Chemiluminescence: The production of light because of a chemical reaction, with little or no heat produced (e.g., glow stick) b) Which type of light would be useful in the following scenarios? Why? Near explosives, it would be useful to use chemiluminescence because the chemical reaction that creates the light does not generate any heat that could potentially cause an explosion. Entertainment venue use chemiluminescence in the form of glow sticks, necklaces, and bracelets like you would find at Canada’s Wonderland. Some places may use electric discharge for neon signs to attract attention. Underwater it would be useful to use chemiluminescence (glow sticks) or a waterproof LED flashlight. Anything that does not require electricity. 3. State the Laws of Reflection. Angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection. The incident ray, reflected ray, and the normal all lie on the same plane. 4. Compare specular (regular) and diffuse reflection. Specular reflection involves the reflection of light off a smooth, shiny surface. Whereas diffuse reflection involves the reflection of light off a dull, irregular surface. 5. Draw the reflection from a plane mirror when the incident ray is 35° - label the diagram: i, r, and normal. Ensure that you can determine the angle between the mirrored surface and the ray. Angle of incidence = 35° Angle of reflection = 35° Angle between the mirror and the incident ray → 90° - 35° = 55° Angle between the mirror and the reflected ray → 90° - 35° = 55° 6. Draw the ray diagram for the object in front of the mirror. Describe the SALT characteristics of the image produced. DO NOT FORGET TO ADD ARROW HEADS on the INCIDENT and REFLECTED rays! Smaller, Inverted, Between C and F, and Real Larger, Inverted, Beyond C, and Real Larger, Upright, Behind Mirror, and Virtual Smaller, Upright, Behind Mirror, and Virtual 7. Complete the following table – Image Properties of Concave Mirrors Object Location Size Attitude Location Type beyond C Smaller Inverted Between C and F Real at C Same Inverted At C Real between C & F Larger Inverted Beyond C Real at F No image produced inside F Larger Upright Behind mirror Virtual 8. What is refraction? Draw a diagram to illustrate the path of light when it passes from Refraction is the bending of light when it travels from one medium into another. a) air to glass → refracted light ray should bend toward normal in the glass because it is slowing down in the second medium. b) glass to air → refracted light ray should bend away from normal in air as the light ray speeds up in the second medium. 9. The index of refraction (n) for zircon is 1.92. What is the speed of light in zircon? G: c = 3.00 x 108 m/s n = 1.92 R: v = ? m/s 𝐶 𝐶 A: 𝑛=𝑣 ;𝑣=𝑛 3.00 𝑥 108 𝑚/𝑠 S: 𝑣 = Use ONLY this STEP if you are not asked for GRASS method! [2 marks] 1.92 8 𝑣 = 1.56 𝑥 10 𝑚/𝑠 S: The speed of light in zircon is 1.56 𝑥 108 𝑚/𝑠 10. What is partial reflection and refraction? When light travels through two transparent or translucent materials, some of the incident light is reflected and the rest is refracted into the second material. 11. What is the critical angle? The critical angle is defined as the angle of incidence that produces a 90-degree angle of refraction. This can only occur when light is travelling from slow to fast. 12. What is total internal reflection? What two conditions must exist for this to occur? Total internal reflection occurs when the angle of incidence passes the critical angle for that material. This can only occur when light is travelling from slow to fast. 13. The critical angle for plastic is 42 degrees. Determine the path of light in each of the following: Critical Angle Partial Reflection and Refraction Total Internal Reflection R R c r i r i 59 23  14. Draw the ray diagram for the object in front of the lens. Describe the characteristics of the image produced. DO NOT FORGET TO ADD ARROW HEADS on the INCIDENT and REFACTED rays! ALSO ADD → F, 2F, F’, and 2F’ Larger, Inverted, Beyond 2F, and Real Larger, Upright, Behind Lens, and Virtual Same, Inverted, At 2F, and Real. Smaller, Upright, Behind Lens, and Virtual 15. Discuss the application of convex mirrors. What are they used for? Why? Convex mirrors are also known as diverging mirrors. Convex mirrors are used when you need to increase your field of view. Image characteristics are = smaller, upright, behind mirror, and virtual. Since the images are smaller and upright, more of the surrounding objects are visible and in the correct orientation. Uses: o Security mirrors in stores to prevent theft. o Parking garages to see if cars are coming around the corner to wards you. o Side mirrors on cars to increase view of side lanes. o Sharpe turns on roads to see if any cars are coming in the opposite direction.