SMT, Tetanus, and Clonus PDF
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Uploaded by HilariousPoltergeist
Kasr Al-Ainy Medical School
Cairo University
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Summary
This document is a collection of notes and diagrams on skeletal muscle experiments, neuromuscular transmission, and the effects of temperature and multiple stimuli on muscle contraction. It includes explanations and diagrams related to topics such as simple muscle twitch, tetanus, and clonus and analyses how these are impacted by temperature, with the overall goal of teaching or illustrating physiological principles.
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PHYSIOLOGY DEPARTMENT Kasr Alainy medical school Cairo university Neuromuscular transmission. Arrival of A.P Opening of voltage gated calcium channels Release of A.ch Arrival of action potential to presynaptic motor terminal Ach release by...
PHYSIOLOGY DEPARTMENT Kasr Alainy medical school Cairo university Neuromuscular transmission. Arrival of A.P Opening of voltage gated calcium channels Release of A.ch Arrival of action potential to presynaptic motor terminal Ach release by exocytosis A.Ch with its nicotinic receptors on motor end plate Increase permeability to Na +and occurance of EPP Generation of A.P in the adjusant areas of the muscle In vitro recording of the mechanical response of the gastrocnemius muscle in response to electrical stimulation Nerve Muscle preparation Simple Muscle Twitch Definition: Single ms contraction followed by relaxation due to single maximal stimulation Is it physiological? Type of contraction Simple Muscle Twitch 1 Latent period Contraction 2 phase Onset of 3 Relaxation phase stimulation 4 Recovery SMT 2 3 1 4 Latent period Conduction of Impulse Synaptic delay (NMJ) Electrical and mechanical events in the muscle Tissue viscosity Effect of temperature on SMT Effect of Effect of Warming Cooling Effect of temperature on SMT 1 Amplitude Effect of 2 Duration Warming Effect of 1 Amplitude Cooling 2 Duration 1- How can you induce fatigue to the muscle? 2- What are its effects? 3-What is the site of fatigue? Causes of fatigue - - - A Ch ( main cause) ATP GLYCOGEN O2 supply ++++ Lactic acid Effect of multiple stimulation of the muscle Separate muscle Low frequency Stimulation twiches Moderate frequency Stimulation Clonus High frequency stimulation Tetanus Separate muscle twiches Multiple stimuli of Stair case low phenomenon frequency Clonus Stair case Multiple stimuli phenomenon of Moderate frequency Tetanus Multiple stimuli of High frequency Increase Frequency Separate Clonus Muscle Twiches Increase Frequency Increase Frequency Increase Frequency Tetanus Clonus Effect of temperature Cooling Cooling Warming Warming Separate Muscle Clonus Tetanus Twiches What are the names of following curves ? What is the name of this curve?What is the effect of cooling on it and why? What is the name of this curve?What is the effect of cooling on it and why? What is the name of this curve?How can it be converted to clonus?Explain What are the names of these curve? How was curve (1) converted to curve (2) in this chart? What is the name of this curve?What is the effect of warming on it and why?
