Skin Lesions PDF

SKIN LESIONS Dr. P. De Gabriele MD MMCFD DipWH(ICGP) SKIN LESIONS ◼ A skin lesion is a part of the skin that has an abnormal growth or appearance compared to the skin around it. – INFECTIONS – ALLERGIES – BURNS – SKIN CANCER  INFECTIONS ATHLETE’S FOOT BOILS...

SKIN LESIONS Dr. P. De Gabriele MD MMCFD DipWH(ICGP) SKIN LESIONS ◼ A skin lesion is a part of the skin that has an abnormal growth or appearance compared to the skin around it. – INFECTIONS – ALLERGIES – BURNS – SKIN CANCER  INFECTIONS ATHLETE’S FOOT BOILS & CARBUNCLES IMPETIGO COLD SORES ATHLETE’S FOOT An itchy red peeling condition of the skin between the toes, resulting from infection by the fungus tinea pedis. Candidiasis Ringworm Infections ◼ Ringworm is a fungal infection of the skin. ◼ Ringworm infection can affect both humans and animals. ◼ The infection may affect the skin of the scalp, feet, groin, beard, or other areas. BOILS & CARBUNCLES Inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands that is common on the dorsal neck. These are composite boils caused by bacterial infection IMPETIGO Pink, water-filled raised lesions that develop a yellow crust and eventually rupture Found commonly around the mouth and nose Caused by a highly contagious staphylococcus infection.  COLD SORES Small fluid-filled blisters that itch and sting, caused by a herpes simplex infection. They usually occur around the lips and in the oral mucosa of the mouth Chickenpox ◼ Chickenpox is caused by the virus Varicella zoster. ◼ Very itchy skin rash with blisters Shingles ◼ Reactivation of Varicella zoster. ◼ Preliminary altered sensation along a dermatome Warts ◼ Caused by Human Papilloma Virus ◼ Direct contact ◼ Vaccination  ALLERGIES ◼ CONTACT DERMATITIS ◼ PSORIASIS CONTACT DERMATITIS Itching, redness and swelling of the skin progressing to blistering PSORIASIS A chronic condition characterized by overproduction of skin cells Reddened epidermal lesions covered by dry, silvery scales Attacks often triggered by trauma, infection, hormonal changes and stress.  BURNS ◼ A burn is tissue damage and cell death caused by – Intense heat – Electricity – UV radiation – Certain chemicals  BURNS ◼ When skin is burned, two life- threatening problems result: – The body loses its precious supply of fluids leading to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance that might lead to circulatory shock. – Burned skin is sterile for 24 hours. After this the wound is prone to infection. Burns Classification ◼ 1st degree burns where only the epidermis is damaged ◼ 2nd degree burns where the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis are involved ◼ 3rd degree burns destroy the entire thickness of the skin  Estimating extent of burns ◼ In general, burns are considered critical if: – >25% of the body has 2nd degree burns – >10% of the body has 3rd degree burns – 3rd degree burns on the face, hands or feet  SKIN CANCER ◼ Basal Cell Carcinoma ◼ Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◼ Malignant Melanoma Basal Cell Carcinoma ◼ The least malignant ◼ The most common ◼ Arises from cells of stratum basale ◼ Shiny, dome-shaped nodules that later develop a central ulcer Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◼ Arises from cells of the stratum spinosum ◼ Scaly, reddened papule that gradually forms a shallow ulcer with a firm, raised border Malignant Melanoma ◼ Cancer of the melanocytes ◼ Might develop spontaneously or from existing moles