Simple Pendulum Experiment PDF

Objective: To determine the acceleration due to gravity using the harmonic motion of the simple pendulum. Apparatus: Metal holder - string - small ball -stop watch - meter rule. Theory: The simple pendulum is composed of a small metallic spherical ball suspended by a long, light string of length...

Objective: To determine the acceleration due to gravity using the harmonic motion of the simple pendulum. Apparatus: Metal holder - string - small ball -stop watch - meter rule. Theory: The simple pendulum is composed of a small metallic spherical ball suspended by a long, light string of length L which is attached to a support stand by a string clamp. If the pendulum set in motion so that is swings back and forth, its motion will be harmonic as shown in fig (1). Fig (1): The simple pendulum Simple harmonic motion: Movement that repeats itself every certain period of time called the periodic time Periodic time "T": The time that it takes to make one complete oscillation. Angular velocity "𝜔": 𝟐𝛑 𝜔= = 2𝜋𝑣 𝑻 Frequency "𝑣": 𝑣 = =  F = −mgsinθ ∑ F =ma ma = −mgsinθ a = −gsinθ But sinθ ≅ θ ∴ a = −gθ a= S = lθ a=l d θ g + θ=0 dt l ω= →ω= 4π ∴T = L g Where: T≡is the period of oscillation. g ≡ is acceleration due to gravity. L ≡is the distance from the point of suspension to the center of the bob. ≡ the slop of the straight line.This is equation of straight line, if we plot T as Y axis and L X axis, we get a straight line passes through the origin point with m slope.Apparatus: A support stand, pendulum bob, thread, meter rule, stop watch. Procedure: A metallic ball is suspended by 1 m string and attached to support stand by string clamp. The ball is displaced from its equilibrium with small angel. Measure the total time that it takes to make 20 complete oscillations. Record that time in your spreadsheet. Increase the length of the pendulum by about 10c m and repeat the measurements made in the previous steps until the length increases to approximately 1.0 m. Calculate the period of the oscillations for each length by dividing the total time by the number of oscillations, 20. Record the observations in the following table. Result: No L t20 T T2 +…. cm +…. sec sec sec 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 Graph: Plot the relation between (L, T ) and calculate the gravity of earth : T2 Vs L T2/sec2 𝑿⬚ 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔: 𝟏𝒄𝒎 ≡ ⋯ … … 𝒄𝒎 Y_ axis: 1cm≡ ⋯ … … … 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 B L/cm A C Calculation: m= = Take into account graph error ∆m Conclusion:::: The value of g (the acceleration due to gravity) was found to be: ….cm/sec2.