Simbiosis I PDF

# Simbiosis **Simbiosis** is the "association between individuals (symbionts) of two or more species for a prolonged time". ## Types of Symbiosis There are different types of symbiosis: ### **Based on dependency** - **Obligatory**: At least one of the symbionts depends on the other to survive....

# Simbiosis **Simbiosis** is the "association between individuals (symbionts) of two or more species for a prolonged time". ## Types of Symbiosis There are different types of symbiosis: ### **Based on dependency** - **Obligatory**: At least one of the symbionts depends on the other to survive. - **Facultative**: At least one of the symbionts can live independently. ### **Based on the duration** - **Permanent**: The entire life cycle occurs as a symbiont. - **Temporal**: Part of the life cycle is a symbiont, while the other part is free. ### **Based on the nature of the relationship** - **Mutualism**: A beneficial relationship for both symbionts. The relationship often requires an adjustment between the symbionts to stabilize it. Examples include: - **Comensalismo**: One benefits, while the other is not affected or inmmune. - **Inquilinismo**: One species (commensal) shares a shelter with another species. It can be **forético** in which the commensal is temporally transported by one of the species. - **Parasitism**: One benefits, while the other is harmed. It can be: - **Cleptoparasitism**: The parasite takes food from the host. - **Endoparasitism**: The parasite lives inside the host. This can be: - **Agresive**: The parasite harms the host to obtain resources. - **Sigiloso**: The parasite avoids being perceived by the host. - **Competitivo**: The resource is shared with the host. - **Comensalismo**: One species benefits, while the other is not affected. - **Example of **forético** commensalism**: Gobies warn the langoustines about predators, and the langoustines let the gobies shelter in their caves. The langoustines are not benefited or affected either. - **Parasitismo**: One species benefits, while the other is harmed. - **Example of Endoparasitism**: There is a nurse effect in **ectocomensals**. The adults deposit their eggs in a specific area, giving young ones the best conditions for survival. ## Location of the Symbiont - **Ectosimbionte**: The symbiont lives on the external surface of the host (mouth, gills, etc.). - This can be *epibionte*, which lives on the surface of the host, including *epizooicos* (animals) and *epifito* (plants). - This type of symbiosis is usually temporary or permanent. - **Endosimbionte**: The symbiont lives inside the host, in its internal organs and tissues. ## Integrantes The image mentions the following integrantes: 1. Ivanna Ingold 2. Katherine Negro 3. Paula Pérez 4. Emanuel Pintos 5. Avril Porto