Jean Watson's Theory of Caring PDF

JEAN WATSON Prepared by : Algean M. Solatorio, RN  MARGARET JEAN HARMAN WATSON Born on June 10, 1940 ✓ Margaret Jean Harman Watson, PhD, RN, AHN-BC ✓ Welch, West Virginia ✓ Youngest of eight children ✓ Attended hi...

JEAN WATSON Prepared by : Algean M. Solatorio, RN  MARGARET JEAN HARMAN WATSON Born on June 10, 1940 ✓ Margaret Jean Harman Watson, PhD, RN, AHN-BC ✓ Welch, West Virginia ✓ Youngest of eight children ✓ Attended high school in West Virginia and Lewis Gale School of Nursing in Roanoke, Virginia 1961→ married with Douglas Watson (her physical & spiritual partner, and her bestfriend ) - Has two grown daughters (Jennifer and Julie) 1964→ earned baccalaureate degree in nursing 1966→ earned master’s degree in nursing 1973→ doctorate in educational psychology and counseling ✓ She joined the School of Nursing faculty at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, serving in both faculty and administrative positions. 1980→ Center for Human Caring at the University of Colorado (nation’s first interdisciplinary center using human caring knowledge for clinical practice, scholarship, administration, and leadership)  MARGARET JEAN HARMAN WATSON ✓ Watson Caring Science evolved and the Watson Caring Science Institute (WCSI) was established from groundwork laid by the Center for Human Caring ✓ 1978 to 1981→ University of Colorado School of Nursing, Watson served as chairperson and assistant dean of the undergraduate program, implementing the nursing PhD program, and served as director of the PhD program ✓ Founder and member of the Board of Boulder County Hospice, and numerous other area health care facilities ✓ She received numerous honors and awards from national and international universities and organizations, including honorary degrees, appointed positions of leadership, and honoraria for her ongoing work and service.  MARGARET JEAN HARMAN WATSON ✓ Jean Watson has authored 11 books, shared authorship of 9 books, and published countless articles in nursing and interdisciplinary journals. The following publications reflect the evolution of her theory of caring - 1st Book → Nursing: The Philosophy and Science of Caring (1979), - 2nd Book→ Nursing: Human Science and A Theory of Nursing (1985) - 3rd Book→ Postmodern Nursing and Beyond (1999) - 4th Book → her fourth book, comprises a collection of 21 instruments to assess and measure caring and received the American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Award  THEORY OF HUMAN CARING  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 01 CARATIVE FACTOR: ❑ “The formation of a humanistic-altruistic system of values” CARITAS PROCESS: ❑ “Practice of loving-kindness and equanimity within the context of caring consciousness”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 02 CARATIVE FACTOR: “The instillation of faith-hope” CARITAS PROCESS: ❑ “Being authentically present and enabling and sustaining the deep belief system and subjective life-world of self and one being cared for”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 03 CARATIVE FACTOR: The cultivation of sensitivity to one’s self and to others” CARITAS PROCESS: “Cultivation of one’s own spiritual practices and transpersonal self, going beyond the ego self”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 04 CARATIVE FACTOR: “Development of a helping-trust relationship”; became “development of a helping-trusting, human caring relation” (in the 2004 Watson website) CARITAS PROCESS: “Developing and sustaining a helping trusting authentic caring relationship”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 05 CARATIVE FACTOR: “The promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings” CARITAS PROCESS: “Being present to, and supportive of, the expression of positive and negative feelings as a connection with deeper spirit and self and the one-being-cared for”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 06 CARATIVE FACTOR: “The systematic use of the scientific problem solving method for decision making”; became “systematic use of a creative problem solving caring process” (in the 2004 Watson website) CARITAS PROCESS: ““Creative use of self and all ways of knowing as part of the caring process; to engage in the artistry of caring- healing practices”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 07 CARATIVE FACTOR: “The promotion of transpersonal teaching-learning” CARITAS PROCESS: “Engaging in genuine teaching-learning experience that attends to unity of being and meaning, attempting to stay within others’ frame of reference”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 08 CARATIVE FACTOR: “The provision of supportive, protective, and (or) corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environment” CARITAS PROCESS: “Creating healing environment at all levels (physical as well as nonphysical, subtle environment of energy and consciousness, whereby wholeness, beauty, comfort, dignity, and peace are potentiated)”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 09 CARATIVE FACTOR: The assistance with gratification of human needs” CARITAS PROCESS: “Assisting with basic needs, with an intentional caring consciousness, administering ‘human care essentials,’ which potentiate alignment of mind body spirit, wholeness, and unity of being in all aspects of care”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES 10 CARATIVE FACTOR: The allowance for existential-phenomenological forces”; became “allowance for existentialphenomenological- spiritual forces” (in the 2004 Watson website CARITAS PROCESS: “Opening and attending to spiritual-mysterious and existential dimensions of one’s own life-death; soul care for self and the one-being-cared for” WATSON’S CARATIVE FACTORS Prepared by : Algean M. Solatorio, RN  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 1. Practice of loving - Perception/ response - Who is this person? kindness and equanimity to caring intent Am I open to with context of caring- - Choices of how to be participate in his or consciousness in relation her personal story? How am I being called to care? How ought I be in this situation?  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 2. Being authentically - Conceptions of reality - What does this present and enabling through story telling relationship mean to and sustaining the deep - Belief system as this patient? What belief system and support information do I need subjective life world of - Sources of Faith/hope to nurse this person? self and on-being-cared- Can I encourage this for person to find faith/hope  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 3. Cultivation of one’s - Aspects of soul care - How am I attending to own spiritual practices as part of lifestyle this person’s spiritual and transpersonal self, - Response to one- need and soul care going beyond ego self. giving-care Being sensitive to self and other.  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 4. Developing and - Degree of trust - -How can I enter this sustaining a helping-trust (openness) person private space. authentic caring - Signs of vulnerability relationship in relation - Past experiences in caring relation - Validation of concern, needs, priorities.  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 5. “Being present to, and - Expression of feelings - How can I enable this supportive of, the about experiences person to express his expression of positive - Search for or her concerns ?. and negative feelings as interpretation and a connection with deeper meaning spirit and self and the - Openness to others’ one-being-cared for” interpretation  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 6. ““Creative use of self - Disclosure of - What is the and all ways of knowing uniqueness as person uniqueness of this as part of the caring - Perception of life person and this process; to engage in the pattern and role situation? How does artistry of caring-healing changes and this situation compare practices” consequences. to past experience” - Openness to nontraditional creative intervention and care.  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 7. “Engaging in genuine - Definition of health, - Is this person able to teaching-learning wholeness and understand what he or experience that attends healing she is experiencing? to unity of being and - - Awareness of How this person meaning, attempting to personal resources, concern translated stay within others’ frame strengths for healing into goals? of reference”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 8. “Creating healing - Responses to stress - What is important to environment at all levels - Role of emotion/ this person to make (physical as well as sense in healing his/her stay nonphysical, subtle - Sense of self worth comfortable? environment of energy and consciousness, whereby wholeness, beauty, comfort, dignity, and peace are potentiated)”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 9. “Assisting with basic - Perception of self as - Am I processed needs, with an embodied spirit focused or outcome intentional caring - Feedback or focused? What consciousness, responses to care support does this administering ‘human - Preferred timeline for person have in his or care essentials,’ which healing in her life? potentiate alignment of mind body spirit, wholeness, and unity of being in all aspects of care”  TEN CARATIVE FACTORS & CARITAS PROCESSES Carative Factors Patient’s Subjective Nurse’s Reflection Redefined World 10. “Opening and - Openness to deeper - How does this person attending to spiritual- self-exploration and view the future for mysterious and soul care. himself or herself and existential dimensions of - Key existential life others? What soul one’s own life-death; issues in the care is useful for this soul care for self and the moment/experience patient? one-being-cared for” THEORETICAL ASSERTION Prepared by : Algean M. Solatorio, RN  THEORETICAL ASSERTION 1. NURSING Using the 10 carative factors, the nurse provides care to various patients. Each carative factor and the clinical caritas processes describe how a patient attains or maintains health or dies a peaceful death. Conversely, Watson described curing as a medical term that refers to the elimination of disease (Watson, 1979)  THEORETICAL ASSERTION 2. PERSONHOOD (HUMAN BEING) Watson uses interchangeably the terms human being, person, life, personhood, and self. She views the person as “a unity of mind/body/spirit/nature” (1996, p. 147), and she says that “personhood is tied to notions that one’s soul possesses a body that is not confined by objective time and space” (Watson, 1988, p. 45)  THEORETICAL ASSERTION 3. HEALTH - Redefined as the unity and harmony within the body, mind and soul- harmony between self and others and between self and nature and openness to increased possibility.  THEORETICAL ASSERTION 4. ENVIRONMENT - The nurse’s role in the environment: “Attending to supportive and or corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environments” - Watson’s early emphasis on environment focused on stress, comfort, privacy, safety and clean aesthetic surroundings—a much limited focus than her more recent work (Watson, 2005, p. 142) Every morning you have two choices: continue to sleep with your dreams, or wake up and chase them. - Anonymous