Sept 13 Eukaryotic Evolution and Diversity.pdf

Eukaryotic Evolution and Diversity September 13th, 2024 Plans Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 9 10 11 12 13 We are here 16 17 18 19...

Eukaryotic Evolution and Diversity September 13th, 2024 Plans Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 9 10 11 12 13 We are here 16 17 18 19 20 23 24 25 26 27 Review Day I am away Unit #1 Test Learning Goals Understand the Endosymbiotic Theory Know pieces of evidence that support the Endosymbiotic Theory Origins of Eukaryotic Cells About 2 billion years ago, eukaryotes evolved and this led to an increase in the diversity of life on Earth Eukaryotes are more complex than prokaryotes. They have more genes, allowing for more diversity in size, shape, mobility, and specialized functions Scientists examined the important question how eukaryotic cells evolved and have come up with some theories supported by evidence Endosymbiotic Theory Theory states that eukaryotic cells evolved from the symbiotic relationship between two or more prokaryotic cells One prokaryotic cell engulfed a different, simpler prokaryotic cell. The engulfed cell survived and became an internal part of the engulfing cell It is believed that the organelles of eukaryotes are the ancestors of once free-living prokaryotes Chloroplasts and mitochondria present the strongest evidence of endosymbiosis Chloroplasts and Mitochondria After being engulfed, these cells continued to perform their cellular activities while surviving and serving the host cell A comparison of chloroplasts, mitochondria, and prokaryotes shows: Similar membranes Similar Ribosomes Each reproduce by binary fission Each contain circular bacteria Gene sequences match Multicellularity Scientists hypothesize that the first multicellular organisms arose from colonies created by individual cells that divided Genes within these cells contained instructions for some cells to become specialized Homework Read pg 61 to 62 Pg 71 # 1, 4, 8 https://youtu.be/lhF5G2k45vY Watch: https://youtu.be/lhF5G2k45vY https://youtu.be/9i7kAt97XYU Watch: https://youtu.be/9i7kAt97XYU