Search and Rescue Operations PDF

BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON # 3 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE: # 1 SEARCH & RESCUE Reviewed 02/2019 SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERATIONS THE OVERALL PURPOSE OF THIS LESSON IS THEM TO...

BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON # 3 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE: # 1 SEARCH & RESCUE Reviewed 02/2019 SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERATIONS THE OVERALL PURPOSE OF THIS LESSON IS THEM TO CARRY OUT SEARCH & RESCUE OPERATIONS AS SAFELY AND EFFICIENTLY AS POSSIBLE GIVEN THE TACTICAL SITUATION. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE LESSON IS THAT UPON COMPLETION OF THIS LESSON YOU WILL BE ABLE TO GIVE FROM MEMORY, THE MAJOR FACTORS THAT MUST BE CONSIDERATION OF THE RESCUER, THE VISTIM, THE SEARCH & RESCUE ENVIORMENT, SEARCH AND RESCUE SIZE UP, STRAGEGIC CONSIDERATIONS AND SOME TACTICAL PROCEDURES THAT WILL HELP IN METTING THE STATIGIC OBJECTIVES OF SEARCH & RESCUE MISSIONS. THE RESCUER THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS SECTION IS THAT THE FIRE FIGHTER, HAVING READ THE MATERIAL, WILL BE ABLE TO GIVE FROM MEMORY, THE CONDITIONS THAT ARE GENERALLY PRESENT WHEN A FIRE FIGHTER IS INJURED, WHAT THE RESULTS WILL BE, THE NUMBER OF MEN LOST WHEN AN INUURY IS INCURRED AND WHAT STEPS CAN BE TAKEN TO PREVENT IT. THEY WILL BE ABLE TO TAKE THE NESSECARY STEPS TOPREVENT THEM WHEN OPERATING ON THE FIRE GROUND. COLLAPSE OF FIREFIGHTERSON THE FIRE GROUND OCCURS WITH TRAGIC REGULARITY. A GREAT MANY TIMES WHEN THIS OCCURS, ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS WILL BE PRESENT. 1. THE FIREFIGHTER WILL BE IN POOR PHYSICAL CONDITION. 2. ADDITIONAL FIREFIGHTERS WILL BE REQUIRED TO ASSIT THE INJURED FIREFIGHTER 3. POSSIBLE OVERALL FAILURE OF THE SEARCH & RESCUE MISSION 4. INJURY OR DEATH TO THE FIREFIGHTER WILL SERIOUSLT AFFECTS THEIR FAMILY AND/OR OTHERS. IF A FIREFIGHTER IS INJURED DURING OPERATIONS IT GENERALLY REQUIERS THREE (3) ADDIONAL FIREFIGHTERS TO BE COMMITTED TO ASSIST THEM. ANY FIREFIGHTER IS SUBJECTED TO ANXIETY AND EXERTION DURRING AN OPERATION. THE HIGHER LEVEL OF ANXIETY AND EXERTION OCCURS DURING SEARCH & RESCUE MISSIONS. A DIAGRAM OF THIS WOULD SHOW THAT THESE TWO FACTORS, THREE MAJOR STEPS BY FIREFIGHTERS THAT WILL ASSIST THEM IN CARRYING OUT RESCUE MISSIONS AND ALL FIREFIGHTING OPERATIONS ARE: BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON # 3 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE: # 2 SEARCH & RESCUE Reviewed 02/2019 1. CONDITIONING: A WELL-CONDITIONED FIREFIGHTER IS LESS PRONE TO INJURY. INDIVIDUAL CIRCUMSTANCES VARY GREATLY. 2. PROTECTIVE GEAR: PROPERLY WORN AND MAINTAINED CAN PREVENT INJURY. 3. SCBA: PROPERLY WORN AND MAINTAINED, ALONG WITH PROPER TRAINING. THE VICTIM UP TO THIS POINT WE HAVE STRESSED THAT FIREFIGHTERS MUST BE CONDITIONED AND PROPERLY WEAR GEAR & SCBA. THE VITIM DOESN'T HAVE PROTECTIVE GEAR OR SCBAS AND IN ADDITION THEY MAY BE IN POOR PHYSICAL CONDITION. THEREFORE THE VICTIM IS SUFFERING THE MOST SEVERE RESULT OF THE HEAT, SMOKE, AND OTHER CONDITIONS PRESENT IN A FIRE SITUATION. THEY ARE BEING INJURED IS EVEDENT BUT MANY CIRCUMSTANCES AND VARIABLES WILL DICTATE THE DEGREE OF INJURY. THE RESCUER MUST TAKE INTO ACCOUNT OTHER CONSIDERATIONS WHEN DEALING WITH A VICTIM, EMOTIONAL STATE, AND STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS. THE VITIMS AWARENESS LEVEL CAN ALSO VARY GREATLY FROM TOTAL CONSCIOSNESS TO UNCONSCIOUSNES AND ANYWHERE IN BETWEEN. AN ALERT VITIM WILL BE ABLE TO ALERT YOU TO THERE LOCATION AND POSSIBLY ASSIST YOU IN THEIR RESCUE. AN UNCONSIOUS VITIM CANNOT, THIS VITIM WOULD BE CONSIDERED TO BE AT HIGH RISK. THERE ARE SOME GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF PEOPLE WHO FALL INTO A SO CALLED HIGH RISK GROUP. THE VERY YOUNGE: THEY HAVE THE LEAST UNDERSTANDING OF THE DANGERS AND IN MANY CASES WOULD NOT BE SUFFICENTLY DEVELOPED PHYSICALLY OR MENTALLY SO THEY COULD TAKE ACTIONS THAT WOULD REMOVE THEMSELFS FROM DANGER. THE VERY OLD: THEY MAY NOT HAVE AN UNDER STANDING OF THE PROBLEM. THEIR PHYSICAL ABILITIES MAY BE IMPAIRED TO THE POINT THAT EVEN WITH KNOWLEDGE OF THE SITUATION. THEY MIGHT NOT BE ABLE TO ESCAPE. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON # 3 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE: # 3 SEARCH & RESCUE Reviewed 02/2019 THE ILL: THEY MAY BE UNAWARE OF THERE SURROUNDINGS. THEY MAY BE RESTRAINED IN BED OR A CHAIR FOR THEIR OWN PROTECTION. THEIR HEALTH CONDITION MAY PRECLUDE THEIR MOVING FROM ONE POINT TO ANOTHER. LARGE GOUPS OF PEPLE IN PUBLIC ASSEMBLY: IT IS GENERALLY ACCEPTED THAT AS THE SIZE OF A GROUP OF PEOPLE INCREASE, THE PROBABILITY OF PANIC INCREASES TREMENDOUSLY. 1. SELDOM WILL THEY CHECK THE EMERGENCY EXIT LOCATIONS. THERE FORE THEY ALMOST ALWAYS ATTEMPT TO LEAVE THE AREA THE SAME WAY THEY ENTERED. 2. IN THESE SITUATIONS THEY MAY REACT IRRATIONALLY GOING INTO DANGER TO GET A COAT OR OTHER BELONGINGS. 3. ONE CRY OF PANIC BY ONE PERSON CAN STAMPEDE AN EXTEMELY LARGE GROUP THAT PREVIOUSLY WAS UNDER CONTROL OF ITSELF. 4. MANY TIMES A LARGE OPEN AREA WILL BE INVOLVED AND IF THE SEATS AND/OR TABLES ARE NOT ANCHORED, THEY WILL BE IN TOTAL DISARRY CAUSING DISORIENTATION. 5. THE LIGHTING WILL OFTEN FAIL CAUSING EVEN MORE PANIC AND DISORIENTATION. FIREFIGHTERS AS VICTIMS: THE FIREFIGHTER ON A SEARCH & RESCUE MISSION CAN EASILY BECOME A VICTIM. THIS CAN COME ABOUT FOR MANY REASONS BUT SOME OF THE MAIN ONES ARE: 1. SERIOUSLY INJURED 2. TRAPPED 3. DISORIENTED 4. PHYSICAL COLLAPSE ALTHOUGH ONLY FOUR POSSIBLE REASONS FOR A FIRE FIGHTER BECOMING A VICTIM HAVE BEEN STATED, IT MUST BE UNDERSTOOD THAT THE TACTICAL CIRCUMSTANCES CAN BE SUCH THAT MANY OTHERS ARE PRESENT. THESE HAZARDS CAN BE PRESENT SINGLY OR IN ALMOST ANY COMBINATION AND NUMBER.