St. John Paul II College of Davao NET101 Networking I (CISCO 1) PDF

ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached SIMPLIFIED COURSE PACK (SCP) FOR SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING...

ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached SIMPLIFIED COURSE PACK (SCP) FOR SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING NET101 –Networking I (CISCO 1) This Simplified Course Pack (SCP) is a draft version only and may not be used, published or redistributed without the prior written consent of the Academic Council of SJPIICD. Contents of this SCP are only intended for the consumption of the students who are officially enrolled in the course/subject. Revision and modification process of this SCP are expected. SCP-NET101 | 1  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached By 2023, a recognized professional institution providing quality, economically Vision accessible, and transformative education grounded on the teachings of St. John Paul II. Serve the nation by providing competent JPCean graduates through quality teaching and learning, transparent governance, holistic student services, and Mission meaningful community-oriented researches, guided by the ideals of St. John Paul II. Respect Hard Work Perseverance Core Values Self-Sacrifice Compassion Family Attachment Inquisitive Ingenious Graduate Attributes Innovative Inspiring Course Code/Title NET101/Networking I (CISCO 1) Course Description This course teaches the fundamentals of networking. Course Requirement Online Final Course Assessment Time Frame Lecture: 36 Hours / Laboratory: 54 Hours “Based 40” Cumulative Averaging Grading System Grading System Periodical Grading = Attendance (5%) + Participation (10%) + Quiz (25%) + Exam (60%) Final-Final Grade = Prelim Grade (30%) + Midterm Grade (30%) + Final Grade (40%) Contact Detail Dean/Program Head Ms. Karen Shane O. Adorico (09662456713) SCP-NET101 | 2  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached Course Map NET101- Simplified Course Pack (SCP) SCP-Topics: Prelim Period SCP- Topics: Midterm Period SCP- Topics: Final Period Week Communicating in a Week Week 1 Connected World Ethernet Networks Network Security 7 13 Week Local Networks Week Types of IPv4 Addresses Week 2 Build a Simple Network 8 And Subnet Masks Network Security Tools 14 Week Getting Online; Other Week IP Address Management Week The Router and Router 3 Network Considerations 9 and IPv6 15 Programming Week Week Week Cabling and Media Providing Network Services IPv4 Subnetting 4 10 16 Week Principles of Week Week Testing and 5 Communications Building a Home Network 11 17 Troubleshooting Week Week Week Preliminary Examination Midterm Examination Final Examination 6 12 18 Course Outcomes 1. Explain how end-user devices and local networks interact with the global Internet; 2. Explain the requirements for network connectivity; 3. Build a small network using an integrated network router; 4. Explain the importance of IP addressing; 5. Explain how the protocols of the TCP/IP suite enable network communication; 6. Configure an integrated wireless router and wireless clients to connect securely to the Internet; 7. Configure basic network security; 8. Build a simple computer network using CISCO devices; 9. Troubleshoot common network issues found in home and small business networks. SCP-NET101 | 3  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached Welcome Aboard! This course covers how devices communicate on a network, network addressing and network services, how to build a home network and configure basic security, the basics of configuring CISCO devices and testing and troubleshooting network problems. SCP-TOPICS: PRELIM PERIOD TOPICS Week 1 Lesson Title Communicating in a Connected World Learning Outcome(s) Explain the concept of network communication. At SJPIICD, I Matter! I LEARNING NTENT! Terms to Ponder This section provides meaning and definition of the terminologies that are significant for better understanding of the terms used throughout the simplified course pack of Networking I. As you go through the labyrinth of learning, in case you will be confronted with difficulty of the terms, refer to the defined terms for you to have a clear picture of the learning concepts. Internet is a worldwide collection of interconnected networks using common standards and cooperating with each other to exchange information. Local networks can range from simple networks consisting of two computers, to networks connecting hundreds of thousands of devices. Data is a value that represents something. Bit is an abbreviation of “binary digit” and represents the smallest piece of data. Computers and networks only work with binary digits, zeroes and ones. Each bit can only have one of two possible values, 0 or 1. Bandwidth is the capacity of a medium to carry data. Digital bandwidth measures the amount of data that can flow from one place to another in a given amount of time. Bandwidth is typically measured in the number of bits that (theoretically) can be sent across the media in a second. Throughput is the measure of the transfer of bits across the media over a given period of time. Latency refers to the amount of time, including delays, for data to travel from one given point to another. Signal consists of electrical or optical patterns that are transmitted from one connected device to another. SCP-NET101 | 4  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached Essential Content Who Owns “The Internet”? The Internet is not owned by any individual or group. The Internet is a worldwide collection of interconnected networks (internetwork or Internet for short), cooperating with each other to exchange information using common standards. Through telephone wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless transmissions, and satellite links, Internet users can exchange information in a variety of forms. Everything that you access online is located somewhere on the global Internet. Social media sites, multi-player games, messaging-centers that provide email, online courses – all of these Internet destinations are connected to local networks that send and receive information through the Internet. Local networks come in all sizes. They can range from simple networks consisting of two computers, to networks connecting hundreds of thousands of devices. SCP-NET101 | 5  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached 1. Small Office Home Office (SOHO) networks are installed in small offices, or homes and home offices. SOHO networks enable the sharing of resources, such as printers, documents, pictures and music between a few local users. 2. Medium to large networks such as those used by corporations and schools can have many locations with hundreds or thousands of interconnected computers. 3. Worldwide networks such as the Internet is a network of networks that connects hundreds of millions of computers worldwide. Making Connections The Internet connects more computing devices than just desktop and laptop computers. There are devices all around that you may interact with on a daily basis that are also connected to the Internet. 1. Smart phones - People are using mobile devices more every day to communicate and accomplish daily tasks. Smart phones are able to connect to the Internet from almost anywhere. Smart phones combine the functions of many different products together such as telephone and camera, GPS receiver, media player and touch screen computer. 2. Tablets – Like the smart phone, it also have the functionality of multiple devices. With the additional screen size, it is ideal for watching videos, reading books and browsing the web. 3. Google Glass – A wearable computer in the form of glasses with a tiny screen that displays information to the wearer. A small touch pad at the side that allows the user to navigate the menu while still being able to see through the Google Glass. 4. Smart Watch – Can connect to a smart phone to provide the user with alerts and messages. Many of the things in your home can also be connected to the Internet so that they can be monitored and configured remotely. 1. Many items in the home, such as security systems, lighting and climate controls can be monitored and configured remotely using a mobile device. 2. Household appliances, like refrigerators and ovens, can be connected to the Internet. This allows the homeowner to power them on or off or monitor its status. SCP-NET101 | 6  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached 3. A smart TV can be connected to the Internet to access content without the need for TV service provider equipment, browse the web or display video or photos stored on a computer. 4. Television set-top boxes connect to the Internet provide video, audio and games on demand. There are also many connected devices found in the world outside your home that provide convenience and useful or even vital information. 1. Many modern cars can connect to the Internet to access maps, video and audio content or information about a destination. 2. Radio frequency identification (RFID) can be placed in or on objects to track them or monitor sensors for many conditions. 3. Weather sensors provide temperature, humidity, wind speed and barometric pressure data. 4. Many medical devices, such as pacemakers, insulin pumps and hospital monitors provide users or medical professional with direct feedback or alerts when vital signs are at specific levels. SCP-NET101 | 7  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached What exactly is data? Perhaps the simplest definition of data is that data is a value that represents something. In the physical world, we represent data as numbers, formulas, alphabetic characters, and pictures. Think about all of the data that exists just about you. Some examples include birth records, baby pictures, school records, and health records. Categories of personal data: 1. Volunteered data - is created and explicitly shared by individuals, such as social network profiles. 2. Observed data - is captured by recording the actions of individuals, such as location data when using cell phones. 3. Inferred data - such as a credit score, is based on analysis of volunteered or observed data. Most people use networks to transmit their data in order to share with others or for long-term storage. Every time you hit “send” or “share” in an app or computer application, you are telling your device to send your data to a destination somewhere on the network. Sometimes, data is being sent by your devices and you may not even be aware that this is happening. Examples of this are when you set up an automatic backup utility, or when your device automatically searches for the router in a Wi-Fi hotspot. The Mighty Bit Computers and networks only work with binary digits, zeroes and ones. All of our data is stored and transmitted as a series of bits. Each bit can only have one of two possible values, 0 or 1. The term bit is an abbreviation of “binary digit” and represents the smallest piece of data. Humans interpret words and pictures, computers interpret only patterns of bits. SCP-NET101 | 8  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached A bit is stored and transmitted as one of two possible discrete states. This can include two directions of magnetization, two distinct voltage or current levels, two distinct levels of light intensity, or any other physical system of two discrete states. For example, a light switch can be either On or Off; in binary representation, these states would correspond to 1 and 0 respectively. Every input device (mouse, keyboard, voice-activated receiver) will translate human interaction into binary code for the CPU to process and store. Every output device (printer, speakers, monitors, etc.) will take binary data and translate it back into human recognizable form. Within the computer itself, all data is processed and stored as binary. Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret letters, numbers and special characters with bits. A commonly used code is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII). With ASCII, each character is represented by eight bits. For example: Capital letter: A = 01000001 Number: 9 = 00111001 Special character: # = 00100011 Each group of eight bits, such as the representations of letters and numbers, is known as a byte. Codes can be used to represent almost any type of information digitally: computer data, graphics, photos, voice, video and music. After the data is transformed into a series of bits, it must be converted into signals that can be sent across the network media to its destination. Media refers to the physical medium on which the signals are transmitted. Examples of media are copper wire, fiber-optic cable, and electromagnetic waves through the air. A signal consists of electrical or optical patterns that are transmitted from one connected device to another. These patterns represent the digital bits (i.e. the data) and travel across the media from source to destination as either a series of pulses of electricity, pulses of light, or radio waves. Signals may be converted many times before ultimately reaching the destination, as corresponding media changes between source and destination. There are three common methods of signal transmission used in networks: 1. Electrical signals - Transmission is achieved by representing data as electrical pulses on copper wire. 2. Optical signals - Transmission is achieved by converting the electrical signals into light pulses. 3. Wireless signals - Transmission is achieved by using infrared, microwave, or radio waves through the air. SCP-NET101 | 9  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached In most homes and small businesses, network signals are transmitted across copper wires (cables) or Wi-Fi enabled wireless connections. Larger networks employ fiber-optic cables in order to reliably carry signals for longer distances. Measuring Bandwidth Streaming a movie or playing a multi-player game requires reliable, fast connections. In order to support these “high bandwidth” applications, networks have to be capable of transmitting and receiving bits at a very high rate. Different physical media support the transfer of bits at different speeds. The rate of data transfer is usually discussed in terms of bandwidth and throughput. Bandwidth is the capacity of a medium to carry data. Digital bandwidth measures the amount of data that can flow from one place to another in a given amount of time. Bandwidth is typically measured in the number of bits that (theoretically) can be sent across the media in a second. Physical media properties, current technologies, and the laws of physics all play a role in determining available bandwidth. The table shows the commonly used units of measure for bandwidth. Common bandwidth measurements are: Unit of Bandwidth Abbreviation Equivalence 1 bps = fundamental bits per second b/s unit of bandwidth Thousands of bits per second kb/s 1,000 b/s Millions of bits per second Mb/s 1,000,000 b/s Billions of bits per second Gb/s 1,000,000,000 b/s Trillions of bits per second Tb/s 1,000,000,000,000 b/s Measuring Throughput Like bandwidth, throughput is the measure of the transfer of bits across the media over a given period of time. However, due to a number of factors, throughput does not usually match the specified bandwidth. Many factors influence throughput including: 1. The amount of data being sent and received over the connection 2. The types of data being transmitted 3. The latency created by the number of network devices encountered between source and destination Latency refers to the amount of time, including delays, for data to travel from one given point to another. Throughput measurements do not take into account the validity or usefulness of the bits being transmitted and received. Many messages received through the network are not destined for specific user applications. An example would be network control messages that regulate traffic and correct errors. In an internetwork or network with multiple segments, throughput cannot be faster than the slowest link of the path from sending device to the receiving device. Even if all or most of the segments have high bandwidth, it SCP-NET101 | 10  ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO COLLEGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached will only take one segment in the path with lower bandwidth to create a slowdown of the throughput of the entire network. There are many online speed tests that can reveal the throughput of an Internet connection. The figure displays the upload and download speeds. The Download speed is 80.78 Mbps and the upload speed is 8.78 Mbps. There is also dial pointing at approximately 70 Mbps. SELF-SUPPORT: You can click the URL Search Indicator below to help you further understand the lessons. Search Indicator Networking: Networking Essentials 1.0 by Cisco Networking Academy (cisco.netacad.com) Chapter 1: Ever Wonder How it Works? http://static-course-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/NetEss/en/index.html#1.1 1.1.1.2 Lab-My Online Day.pdf http://static-course-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/NetEss/en/course/files/ 1.1.1.2%20Lab%20-%20My%20Online%20Day.pdf ASCII Code https://www.dcode.fr/ascii-code SCP-NET101 | 11