Science Notes PDF

Science DONT- domain KILL- kingdom PRETTY- phylum CATS- class OTHERWISE- order FEELING- family GREAT- genus STOPS- species USING A DICHOTOMOUS KEY Drawing a graph - Cutlass C: Crosses U: Units (both axes need units) T: Title (the graph needs a title) L: Line of best fit (scatter plots should u...

Science DONT- domain KILL- kingdom PRETTY- phylum CATS- class OTHERWISE- order FEELING- family GREAT- genus STOPS- species USING A DICHOTOMOUS KEY Drawing a graph - Cutlass C: Crosses U: Units (both axes need units) T: Title (the graph needs a title) L: Line of best fit (scatter plots should use a line of best fit) A: Axes (both axes labelled) S: Scale (scale should be regular and fit all data) S: Size (take up at least half a page) —----------------------------------------------------------------------- Variables - Controlled variables - A variable in an experiment that is the same. Independent variable - The independent variable is the variable that's being changed - The independent variable is placed on the X axes (horizontal axis) Dependent variable - The dependent variable is the variable that is being measured - The dependent variable is placed on the Y axes (vertical axis) —---------------------------------------------------------------------- Link: These words are the glue that helps connect your ideas. For example: Exercise is good for the human body because Cause: Here, you explain the reason why the subject happens. You could think of this as answering the "why" question in detail. For example: Exercise is good for the human body because it strengthens muscles, improves circulation, and helps release endorphins. Link: Use a word like therefore to show that you’re connecting the reason (cause) to the result (effect). For example: Exercise is good for the human body because it strengthens muscles, improves circulation, and helps release endorphins. Therefore, —------------------------------------------------------------------------  Biological Classification Biological classification is where we classify new species so that we can have a better idea on what the animal is. 1. Domain : The highest taxonomic rank, encompassing all living things. ○ Types: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya. 2. Kingdom: Major groups within domains. ○ Examples: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Monera. 3. Phylum: Groups within kingdoms. ○ Example: Chordata (animals with a backbone). 4. Class: Subgroups within phyla. ○ Example: Mammalia (mammals). 5. Order: Further divisions within classes. ○ Example: Carnivora (meat-eating mammals). 6. Family: Groups within orders. ○ Example: Felidae (cats). 7. Genus: Groups of species that are closely related. ○ Example: Felis (small cats). 8. Species: The most specific classification, referring to a single type of organism. ○ Example: Felis catus (domestic cat). Energy Transformations Definition: This is when energy changes from one form to another. Examples: 1. Photosynthesis: Plants turn light energy from the sun into chemical energy to grow. 2. Toaster: A toaster changes electrical energy into heat (thermal energy) to toast bread. 3. Roller Coaster: When a roller coaster is at the top of a hill, it has a lot of potential energy (stored energy). As it goes down, that energy turns into kinetic energy (movement energy).