Science 10 Quarter 1 Week 2 PDF

SCIENCE 10 QUARTE R1 WEEK 2 Maria Roselle C. Reyes PRAY ER/ GRE ETIN  GS MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES 1.Explain triangulation method in locating the epicenter of an earthquake. 2.Locate the epicenter of an earthquake. 3.Plot active volcanoes...

SCIENCE 10 QUARTE R1 WEEK 2 Maria Roselle C. Reyes PRAY ER/ GRE ETIN  GS MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES 1.Explain triangulation method in locating the epicenter of an earthquake. 2.Locate the epicenter of an earthquake. 3.Plot active volcanoes, epicenters, and major mountain belts. RECALL OF WEEK 1 LESSON Types of Crusts Lithospheric Plates (Major and Minor) Plate Tectonics Theory Continental Drift Theory Earth’s Layers A moderate 5.4-magnitude earthquake has struck the Northern Philippines with shaking felt in the Metro Manila area. Seismologist and residents say there is no threat of a tsunami. The earthquake struck at 2:16 a.m. local time on Monday and was centered in Balayan Bay, about 33 kilometers west of Batangas, or 100 kilometers Southwest of Metro Manila. The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology said the quake measured 5.4 and struck at a depth of 122 km which is relatively deep. The U.S. Geological Survey put the magnitude higher at 5.6. Identify terms which you think are relevant to our topic today: magnitude intensity earthquake shaking seismologist  tsunami PhiVolcs magnitude-measures the energy released at the source of the earthquake; determined from seismographs. intensity-measures the strength of shaking produced by the earthquake at a certain location; determined from effects on people, human structures, and the natural environment. earthquake-a sudden movement of the Earth’s lithosphere. shaking-the act of causing something to move up and down or back and forth. seismologist-are scientists who studies the sudden, violent movements of the Earth. tsunami-giant waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions under the sea. PhiVolcs-Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS Seismic Waves-vibrations caused by earthquakes 1.Body Waves (faster) a. Primary b. Secondary 2. Surface Waves (slower) a. Love b. Rayleigh Schematic diagram illustrating students performing wave simulations. Student holds a poster board or cardboard circle in front of his or her body and walks forward (like the seismic waves propagating in the Earth). While walking, the student moves their circle forward and backward (“push and pull”, for the P wave), or up and down (transverse motion for the shear wave), or in a retrograde ellipse (for the Rayleigh wave), or side to side horizontally (for the Love wave), Seismic waves are generated when rock within the crust breaks producing a tremendous amount ofenergy.  Two main types of Seismic Waves: 1.Body Waves that can travel through the Earth’s inner layer Primary waves (P-waves) The fastest seismic waves that travel through solids, liquids and gases.They cause particles to move in the same direction, resulting in compressions and rarefactions. Secondary waves (S-waves) Slower than P-waves and only propagate through solids. S-wavescause particles to move perpendicular to the wave’s direction, resulting in a side to side motion. 2.Surface Waves travel along the Earth’s surface and are responsible for the majority of thedamage during an earthquake. Love wave (side to side motion) Rayleigh waves (rolling motion) TRIANGULATION METHOD Triangulation Method-used to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by using three seismic station recordings. Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. The seismometers are shown as green dots. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. The location where all the circles intersect is the location of the earthquake epicenter. Primary (P-waves) Secondary (S-waves) Long surface waves (L-waves) The first two travel into the Earth’s interior while the last one on the surface. These waves travel at different velocities; thus, do not arrive at a seismic recording station at the same time. The farther the recording instrument is from the focus, the greater the difference in arrival times of the first P-wave compared to the first S-wave. The difference in the arrival time will tell us the distance of the earthquake’s focus from the seismic recording station. However, it does not tell in which direction it came from. ACTIVI TY TIME Face to Face ASSIG NMEN T Review Week 2 and get ready for a quiz. QUESTI ONS? Thank you for listening!