The Sanctuary PDF

The Sanctuary Ange! Manue! Rodriguez Introduction Christ"s death and resurrection from the them" (Heb. 7:25), till al His second coming grave lie at the very heart ofme plan of salva- He will appear "no...

The Sanctuary Ange! Manue! Rodriguez Introduction Christ"s death and resurrection from the them" (Heb. 7:25), till al His second coming grave lie at the very heart ofme plan of salva- He will appear "not 10 deal with sin but to tion. Calvary was God's final answer 10 the save those who are eagerLy waiting for him" human predicament. Christ's sacrifice is de- (Heb. 9:28). Between these [wo poles, the cross scribed as "once for aII" (Heb. 10: la), valid and the Lord's glorious retum, Christ fune- "for ali time," henee unrepealable (verse 12). tions as royal priest "in the sanctuary and the NOlhing can be added to the cross in order ro true tent which is set up not by man but by supplement its 810ning and expiatory power. theLord"(Heb. 8:2), theadvocate(1 Jobn2:1) JesuS. who in His Qwn Iife was vicmrious Qver and intercessor for lhose who believe in Him Ihe tempter (Mau. 4: 1-11; Heb. 4: I5), carne to (Rom. 8:34). As aur high priest, Christ is min- destroy the works of the devii (1 Jahn 3:8). istering the benefits of His sacrifice ta thase His victory Qver the faeces of evi! makes pas- who draw ncar te Him, a ministry as essentia1 sibleour Qwn viclory Qver sin (Rev. 12:11), as ta aur salvation as His atoning death. well as the final eradication of evil rrom our The priestly ministry of aur heavenly high world (Rev. 20:9-15). The N'T's emphasis on priest was prefigured in the DT sacrificial sys- Ihe finality of Chris['s atoning death bas led tem, especially as seen in the Hebrew sanctu- some [O conci ude [hat His work for aur salva- ary. made according to a "pattern" shown by tion carne ta an end at the cross. This caUs for God ta Moses (Ex. 25:9) and pointing to the further clarification. heavenly sanctuary. The sanctuary services Having accomplished on earth the work for were a lesson book in salvation. For this rea- which He carne (John 17:4,5; 19:30), Christ son. the study of the sanctuary and ils ser- was "[aken up... into heaven" (Acts 1: Il) "ta vices not only clarifies the meaning of the save those who draw near to God through him, rituals followed. but it also sheds Iight an the since he always lives te make intercession for heavenly ministey ofChrÎst. I.OT Sacrificial Syslem 2.Sanctuary. Covenanl. and Ihe N"alure of A. The Sacrificial Syslem in Patriarchal Sin/Impurity Times 3. Resolution of Ihe Sin Problcm I.Origin of Ihe Sacrificial System Il. ChriSI's Prieuhood in the :-;"T 2. General CharacleriSlics of the Sy51em A. Limilalions of Ihe Typical Systcm 3.Specinc Sacrifices B. Superiorily of the New Qroer B. Thc Israelite Sacrificial Syslem 1. Beller Covcnant 1. Thc Israclile SanclUary 2.B.mcrSancluary 2. Prieslhood 3. Beucr PrieSlhood 1.SacrificcsandOfferings 4. Bettcr Blood/Sacrifice C. Functions of the OT Sancluary Systcm III.Christ"s Ministry in thcHeavenly Sancluary 1. Theological Aspecis of Ihc !sraelile A. Inauguration of Ihe Hcavenly Sanclllary Sanctuary 1. Daniel and Ihe Inauguration of Ihe 375 THESANCTUARY Hcavenly Sanetuary A.Early Chureh 2. Hebrews and the Inauguration orthe B. Middle Ases and R.:rormalion Hea\'enly Sanetuar} C. ~odern Perioei 3. Revelation and the InaUlluration of the O. Ad\'cntist l:nder~landing Heavenly Sanetuar) VI. Ellcn O. Whi\e Commen\s B. Chrisr"s Mediatorial Work: Dail}" Serviees A. The Israelite Sanetuar} Ser\'ices 1. ~Iediation and the Dail: Scn'ieo:s B. The Sacrifice ofChrist 2. Specific Aspeels ofChrist"s Mediation C. The Hea\'cnly Sanetuary C. Christ's Work of Judgment: The Da)' of O. Christ's High Priesll)' Work Atonement VII. Literaturc 1. The Day of."-tonement in Hebrews Appendix A: Ta Hagia in Hebrew$ 2. Thc Da}' of "tonemen! in Daniel A.Hcbrcws 8:1. 2 3. The Oa)' of Atoncmenl in Re\'clation B. Hebrews 9:1-10 D.Summary C.Hebrews 9:11. 12 IV.lmplieations of Christ's Sacrinee and D.llebre"·s 9:24. 25 Priesthood for ChriSiian Experience E.Hebrews 10:19.20 V. Thc Pricslhood of Christ in Histor)' Appcndix B: Hebrews 6:19.20 1. OT Sacriflclal System In exploring the richness and depth of lhe ofbiblical theology and religion. Interestingly, biblical doctrine of the priesthood of Christ, the origin of sacrifice is not explicitly stated we must consider the witness of both Ihe OT anywhere in the OT. The first time one is men· and NT. For Ihe Chrislian both Testaments tioned no particular reason is given for it and form an indivisible unity of divine revelation. the Îssue of its origin is not addressed (Gen. There is one AU[hor of Scriptures who in the 4:2-5). In subsequent records. the meaning of past revealed Himself through different in- the sacrifice is implied but not openly dis- struments and who now has spoken to us cussed. through the Son (Heb. 1:1, 2). The unity of that revelation is suggested by its emphasis 1. Origin of tbe Sacrificlal System on one Saviour. Jesus Himself made clear that The sacrificial system of the OT originated. Scriptures "bear me witness" (lohn 5:36) and immediately after the Fali. In Eden Gad reveaIed. that Moses wrote about Him (verse 46). On Himself as the Redeemer of the human race. the road to Emmaus Christ opened the Scrip- The penalty of eternal death was nOI applied. tures to two disciples, "and beginning with to Adam and Eve at once because the Lord Moses and aII the prophets, he interpreted provided a means ofredemption through which to them in aII the scriptures the things con- He would put an end to the serpenl. the deviI, ceming himse1f' (Luke 24:27). ScriplUres wit- and his works (Gen. 3:15; cf. Rom. 16:20; Heb. ness la only one cternal gospel of salvation 2:14). God's gradous act in providing Adam (Rev. 14:6), proclaimed to Israel as well as to and Eve with gannents of skin was in fact a us (Heb. 4:2). In the OT God revealed the gos- promise of redemption; when we place Gen- pel to His people through Messianic prophe- esis 3:21 in its theological contexl, the implicit cies, symbols, and types. (See Interpretation death of the animal becomes a sacrificia! aCI. III. E. 3.) Therefore. in our effort to under- Adam and Eve, after commiuing sin, were des- stand the work of our Lord. we williisten to tined to experience ultimate death (Gen. 2: 17). both Testaments; they shed Iight on each Surprisingly, their life was preserved. But pre- other. cisely in that life-threatening context the deadl of an animal took place. The death penalty A_ The Sacrificial System was not executed on them but on the animal. in Patritlrcluzl Times The death of the animal provided the means Sacrifice belongs ta the very infrastructure of restoring their relationship with the Lord. 376  THESANCTUARY Out of death came hope and res[Oration. That one's relationship with God (Gen. 4:7). (jod made the gannents and dressed the err- b. Sacrifice of ~oah. The next menlion of ing pair suggests that God did for them what sacrifices is found in Genesis 8:20. After the Ihev were unable [O do for themselves. He gra- Flood, ~oah offered burnt offerings 10 the cio~slY enabled them to approach Him. [O live Lord. The context suggests that these sacri- in Ris presence. Those same concepts belong fices were an expression of gratilude for God's lo.the theology of lhe sanctuary and ils ser- loving care for Noah and his family. The idea \'ices later in the OT. What is embryonic or of cxpiation also scems to be presen!. The hinted at in Genesis 3 becomes a full-blown narrative states Ihat God "smclled the pleas· IheologicaI body of ideas in the Israelite sac- ing odor"; He accepted the sacrifice and de- rificial system. Adam and Eve were already termined not to destroy again aII Iiving benefitting from Christ's sacrifice. creatures (verse 21). By accepting the sacri- fice God commiued Himselfto restore and pre- 2. General Characteristies ofthe System sef\'e His relationship with humankind. Worship and sacrifice are inseparable in the c. Sacriftce of Abraham (Gen. 22). God patriarchal narratives. A place ofworship was tested Abraham by asking him to present Isaac identified by its ahar(Gen. 8:20; 12:7; 26:25). as a bumt offering (verses 1, 2). Thus Abraham Seyeral sacrifices andlor sacrificia! acts are was given the opportunity to reveal the true mentioned in Genesis, but the bumt offering strength of his faith. God intervcned and saved appears to have been the most common (8:20; the life of Isaac, thus ending the test. But the 22:3,7). Reference is made. however. to a liba- narrative does not end there. The Lord pro- tion in 35: 14. The term "priest" is used for rhe vided a ram to be sacrificed in place of Isaac. first time in 14: 18 to designate Melchizedek, indicating the importance of sacrificial sub· king of Salem who worshiped the "God Most stitution_ Thc death of the sacrificial victim High." Abraham acknowledged him as a right- was required to prescrve the life of Isaac and fui priest by giving him the tithe. As priest. the relationship between God and Abraham. Melchizedek received the tithe and blessed In Genesis 20 and 21 Abraham is described as Ihe patriarch (verses 18-20; see Stewardship one who did not always walk blamelessly be- l.e.3). fore the Lord. He !ied regarding Sarah his wife (Gen. 12:10-20; 20:1-18) and did not wait for J. Specific Sacrifices the Lord to fulfill the promise oflhe son (Gen. a. Slicriftce ofCafn and Abel. Most ofthe 21:1-7). YcttheLord asked himto pray for the sacrifices mentioned in the patriarchal narra- king and gave him a son through Sarah. God liyes were bloody. The significant exception seemed 10 have ignored Abraham's sin. The is the one brought by Cain (Gen. 4:3). Accord- tension between a God who condemns sin and ing to Hebrews 11:4 Abel offered his sacrifice yel uses as His instrument a man who has by faith and God acccpted it. Cain's offering violated the covenant is soIved in Genesis 22. was not an expres sion of faith but of his own God was ready to withdraw the promise from convictions. Abel's faith in the atoning sacri- the patriarch. leaving him without future and fice of Christ revealed itself in unquestioning bringing the covenant to an end. But when obedience. The sacrifice brought by Abel illu- Abraham showed. through his faith. his will- minates the meaning of sacrifice. Offering a ingness to restore the covenant relationship Sttrifice required the combination of proper with God, the Lord provided the sacrificial vic- inner attitude and obedience [O external ritu- tim needed to cxpiate his sin and to restore his als. Whcnever Gad accepted a sacrifice, He future (Gen. 22:15-19). On Mount Moriah, al50 accepted the offerer. Therefore, a sacri- where the sacrifice was made_ the temple was fice was instrumental in the preservation of later buih. The mount was symbolically called 377 THESA!'