Samkhya Philosophy PDF

सा दशन (Sāṅkhya Philosophy) Dr. Arundhati N. Dandekar  Introduction Indian Philosophies - six Orthodox and three Heterodox Classification - the acceptance of the authority of the Vedas Orthodox school of philosophy -आ क school - believes in the authority...

सा दशन (Sāṅkhya Philosophy) Dr. Arundhati N. Dandekar  Introduction Indian Philosophies - six Orthodox and three Heterodox Classification - the acceptance of the authority of the Vedas Orthodox school of philosophy -आ क school - believes in the authority of Vedas Heterodox school of philosophy - ना क school - rejects the principle of authority of Vedas Overview of Indian Schools of Philosophies  Six orthodox Philosophies 1. ाय – गौतम ऋिष 2. सा – किपल मुिन 3. योग - पत ल 4. वैशेिषक - कणाद 5. पूव मीमांसा - जैिमिन 6. उ र मीमांसा – (वेदा ) – शं कर, रामानुज & म  Three Heterodox Philosophies 1. Buddhist Philosophy 2. Jaina Philosophy 3. चावाक Philosophy  सा Philosophy सा – सम् ा (2 P.P.) to reckon or count up, sum up, enumerate, calculate More than 26 commentaries महिष किपल – असुरी – प शखी – ई रकृ (5th A.D.) dimensions - the theory of causation, prakriti, gunas, purusa and evolution of the world  सा Philosophy The theory of causation i.e. स ायवाद Effect exists before the cause Eg. From milk, we can make curd but from curd we cannot make milk. Because the effect already exists in the cause. (स ायवाद) - The effect – modification, manifestation and development of the cause which pre-exists in a potential condition.  सा Philosophy the effect and the cause are equally real because the former being is the modification of later two kinds of cause i.e. material cause and efficient cause Prakriti - the material cause of the universe Purusha – the efficient cause  सा Philosophy intellect, ahamkara, mind and senses - produced by the combination of certain elements sattva, rajas and tamas – 3 गुणs disequilibrium state of 3 गणु s - the evolution contact between purusa and prakriti - disturbance in the equilibrium of prakriti and its gunas Evolution is the transition from homogenous to heterogeneous  Evolution of कृ ित Balanced State of three गुणs – स , रजस्, तमस् elements of सा महत् (बुि ) - Intellect अह् ार (Ego) Ten sense मनस् (Mind) Five त ा ाs organs प महाभूतs Five ानि यs Five कमि यs (Five Elements) Eyes, Ears, Mouth, Hand, Tongue, Skin, Foot, Anus, Sex आकाश, अि , वायु, Nose organs जल, पृ ी  सा Philosophy Aattainment of knowledge of the self by means of concentration and meditation. self-knowledge that leads to liberation and not any exterior influence or agent Philosophical basis for Yoga Philosophy