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Installing Windows Server 2019 SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION FWD 216  Topics  Understanding the installation of Windows Server 2019.  Performing various Windows Server 2019 installation methods.  Exercise: Setting up WDS. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Understanding...

Installing Windows Server 2019 SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION FWD 216  Topics  Understanding the installation of Windows Server 2019.  Performing various Windows Server 2019 installation methods.  Exercise: Setting up WDS. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Understanding the installation of Windows Server 2019  One of the daily tasks performed by a system administrator is installing a new operating system.  It is more than an installation, as it includes steps such as preparing for the installation, installing the OS, verifying the installation, and initial server configuration. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Understanding partition schemes  The disk partition is a disk's logical division so that an operating system can manage data.  Whereas, the partition scheme represents the technology that is used to manage the partitions on the disks.  In general, there are two partition schemes:  Master Boot Record (MBR).  GUID Partition Table (GPT). DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Master Boot Record (MBR)  This is an old partition scheme known today as a legacy boot option.  It operates on a 512-byte disk sector with a maximum of four primary partitions, or three primary partitions and one extended partition.  An extended partition can have up to 26 logical partitions.  The MBR uses Logical Block Addressing (LBA) to support disks up to 2 TB.  The MBR has always proven to be a very useful partition scheme for multiboot platforms. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  GUID Partition Table (GPT)  This coexists with the MBR and is a new partition scheme that overcomes the limitations of the MBR.  The global unique identifier (GUID) in a GPT is a 128-bit number that Microsoft uses to identify resources.  In a GPT, block sizes from 512 bytes and up are supported, where the most common default these days is 4,000 or 4,096 bytes, and the size of the partition entry is 128 bytes.  The GPT is part of the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) standard that replaces the old basic input/output system (BIOS) to support modern hardware.  By its nature, the GPT is fault tolerant and supports up to 18 EB disk storage, and up to 128 partitions on each disk. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  MBR & GPT DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Understanding boot options  Depending on the manufacturer, different keys on a keyboard can be used to access the BIOS.  The most frequently used keys are Delete and F2.  Upon entering the BIOS, there are several boot options available:  Installation media.  USB flash drive.  Network boot.  Regardless of which option you are using, soon your computer will restart and attempt to boot from the specified boot option. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Accessing the advanced startup options  In Windows Server 2019, there is no F8 option. Instead, you can use the Advanced startup options to recover the server OS.  To access the Advanced startup options, complete the following steps: 1. Click the Start button. 2. Select Settings from the Start menu. 3. In Windows | Settings, select Update & Security. 4. Select Recovery from the navigation menu on the left side of the screen. 5. Click the Restart now button (as shown in Figure 3.2) and then click on Continue: 6. After a short time, options such as Continue, Troubleshoot, and Turn off your PC will be displayed. 7. Click Troubleshoot to access the advanced options. 8. From the Advanced options screen, select any of the available options. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing various Windows Server 2019 installation methods  When it comes to installing Windows Server 2019, there are many methods.  Depending on the environment in which you will deploy Windows Server 2019, you can choose from the following:  Clean installation  Installation over a network using Windows Deployment Services (WDS)  Unattended installation  In-place upgrade  Migration DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Choosing Desktop Experience, Server Core, or Nano Server installation  Windows Server 2019 offers three installation options.  However, the selected installation option affects the availability of roles and features, and therefore you should consider the options before choosing your desired installation option:  Desktop Experience: This is an installation option that contains everything from Windows Server 2019.  Server Core: This is an installation option recommended by Microsoft due to its minimal hardware resource consumption and higher security.  Nano Server: This is a replacement for Server Core that takes up far fewer hardware resources, has fewer updates, and supports only 64-bit applications. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing a clean installation  Whether you are installing Windows Server 2019 on a new hard disk or on an existing disk, the clean installation overwrites the existing operating system on a hard disk.  To perform the clean installation of Windows Server 2019, complete the following steps: 1. Turn on your computer, depending on the selected boot option, and wait for the boot prompt on the screen. The message on the screen requires user confirmation to boot the system from a DVD, USB flash drive, or network boot. 2. The installation files are loaded in RAM. 3. Enter your language and other preferences. Click Next to continue. 4. Click Install now to start installing Windows Server 2019. 5. Select Windows Server 2019 Datacenter (Desktop Experience) and then click Next. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing a clean installation 6. Take your time to read the license terms. When done, check I accept the license terms and then click Next. 7. Select Custom: Install Windows only (advanced), to run the clean installation. 8. After preparing the drive, select the partition where you want to install Windows Server 2019. Click Next. 9. Windows Setup is installing Windows Server 2019. Sit back and relax. 10. After getting the devices ready and performing a few restarts, set up the administrator password and click Finish. 11. Congratulations! You have successfully installed Windows Server 2019. Press Ctrl + Alt + Delete, to unlock the system. Provide the administrator password to make the first login to Windows Server 2019. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing an installation over a network  Often, organizations deploy hundreds of servers in their IT infrastructures, and they use WDS to enable installation over the network.  Setting up WDS is fairly easy: it requires installing and setting up the WDS role to the server and then adding both the install and boot images.  As it is the case with the clean install, the installation over network also requires user interaction.  Thus, to install Windows Server 2019 with just a little or no user interaction at all, an unattended installation is used that requires an answer file in order to automate the deployment of an OS. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing an installation over a network  To perform the network installation of Windows Server 2019 using WDS, complete the following steps: 1. The Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) is created and establishes a communication with the WDS server. 2. Load the Windows Server 2019 installation files from the WDS server into the server RAM. 3. Choose the appropriate settings for the Locale and Keyboard or input method and click Next. 4. After you provide the authenticated user credentials, select the operating system you want to install and click Next. 5. On completing the rest of the steps, which are similar to those in a clean installation, the Windows Server 2019 Standard installation is completed successfully via a network. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing an unattended installation using Windows ADK and MDT  In contrast to a clean installation, an unattended installation involves little or no interactivity during the installation.  In conjunction with WDS, it is known as an automated installation and is used to deploy a large number of servers in enterprises.  Part of the unattended installation is the answer file.  This is an XML file that stores the answers for an installation prompt.  You can use Notepad to create an answer file from scratch, or you can download sample answer files from the internet.  Additionally, Microsoft provides several tools for automating the installation.  Apart from WDS, explained in Performing an installation over a network section, tools such as Windows ADK and MDT provide a unique platform for automating desktop and server deployments. Both tools are available for download. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing an unattended installation using Windows ADK and MDT  To perform an unattended installation of Windows Server 2019, complete the following steps: 1. Download and install the Windows ADK in a Windows 10 computer. 2. Install the MDT. 3. After both Windows ADK and MDT are installed, run the Deployment Workbench and select the New Deployment Share Wizard. 4. After creating the deployment share, run the Import Operating System Wizard to import the Windows Server 2019 files. 5. Afterward, run the New Task Sequence Wizard to create the answer file for an unattended installation. 6. Then, update deployment share to create bootable PE image. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing an unattended installation using Windows ADK and MDT 7. Boot the new server with the LiteTouchPE_x64 image, located in the Boot subfolder of the DeploymentShare folder. After the successful boot, select Run the Deployment Wizard to install a new Operating System. 8. Provide credentials to access the DeploymentShare folder. Ensure that the provided user has full control of the DeploymentShare folder. 9. Select Task Sequence (that is, the answer file) created earlier with Deployment Workbench, and click Next. 10. After providing the Computer Details, Locale, and Time, specifying whether to capture the image and specifying the BitLocker configuration, you are ready to begin deploying Windows Server 2019. 11. Windows Server 2019 is then deployed through the MDT. 12. After the installation progress step completes, the installation takes care of getting the devices ready and Windows Server 2019 Standard is deployed successfully. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing an in-place upgrade  An upgrade replaces your existing operating system with a new one.  This means that you retain your files and settings.  This is often called an in-place upgrade because it happens in place on a machine with an operating system already installed.  It is recommended that you make a backup of the Windows state, files, and folders before running an upgrade.  You can run an in-place upgrade to Windows Server 2019 if the actual server runs Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012/2012 R2, or Windows Server 2008 R2. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing an in-place upgrade  To perform an in-place upgrade from Windows Server 2016 to Windows Server 2019, complete the following steps: 1. Insert the Windows Server 2019 DVD disk, or plug in the USB flash drive, and run the setup file. 2. After a short time, the Get updates, drivers and optional features window will display. With the Download updates, drivers and optional features (recommended) option selected, click Next to continue. 3. Type in the product key and click Next. 4. Select the edition that you want to install and click Next. 5. Click the Accept button to accept the license terms. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing an in-place upgrade 6. Choose what to keep, and then click Next to continue. 7. Once the updates are downloaded and the Windows Server 2019 Setup window ensures that there is enough disk space on the server, you are ready to install. Click the Install button to continue with the upgrade. 8. Either sit back and relax or do some other work until the upgrade completes. 9. After the first restart, the screen will show up. 10. After several restarts, the upgrade from Windows Server 2016 to Windows Server 2019 is completed successfully. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing migration using WSMT  The migration takes place when you bring in a new machine (physical or virtual) and you want to move the roles, features, apps, and settings into it.  To do so, first, you want to install the operating system on a new server, and then proceed with the migration.  Prior to running a migration, make sure to check whether Windows Server 2019 supports your existing apps.  The migration requires the WSMT feature to be installed on a new server. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing migration using WSMT  To perform the migration of roles from an old server (Windows Server 2008 R2) to a new server (Windows Server 2019), complete the following steps: 1. In a new server, install the WSMT feature through the Server Manager. 2. After the installation is complete, close the Add Roles and Feature Wizard. The ServerMigrationTools folder is created at C:\Windows\System32\ServerMigrationTools. 3. Open Windows PowerShell with elevated admin rights, and locate the Server Migration Tools, entering the following command: cd ServerMigrationTools 4. From the same Windows PowerShell session, create the MigrationTools folder, entering the following command:.\SmigDeploy.exe /package /architecture amd64 /OS WS12R2 /path C:\MigrationTools DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing migration using WSMT 5. Share the newly created MigrationTools folder on the new server (that is, Windows Server 2019). 6. Try accessing the shared MigrationTools folder, and copy that into the old server (that is, Windows Server 2008 R2). 7. After copying is complete, open up the MigrationTools\SMT_ws12R2_amd64 folder on the old server and run the SmigDeploy app to complete the registration. Exit Windows PowerShell. 8. From the old server, try to open WSMT (an additional PowerShell console) with elevated admin rights. WSMT (PowerShell console) was added by running the SmigDeploy app. List the roles installed on the old server by entering the following command: Get-SmigServerFeature DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing migration using WSMT 9. Prior to migrating, the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) role from an old server to a new one the DHCP service must be stopped. After stopping the DHCP service on the old server, export it by entering the following command: Export-SmigServerSetting –FeatureID DHCP -Path C:\DHCP\Store –Verbose 10. Provide the administrator password to complete the export. 11. On the new server, add the DHCP role using the Server Manager. 12. On the old server, share the DHCP\Store folder. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Performing migration using WSMT 13. From the new server, try accessing the shared DHCP\Store folder and copy that into the MigrationTools folder. Then, open the WSMT (PowerShell console), and enter the following command to import DHCP: Import-SmigServerSetting -FeatureID DHCP –Path C:\MigrationTools\DHCP\Store –Force 13. Provide the administrator password to complete the import. 14. The DHCP role is migrated successfully to the new server through WSMT. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Exercise: Setting up WDS  Installing WDS  Setting up WDS DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Installing WDS  To install WDS in Windows Server 2019, complete the following steps: 1. Click the Start button, and then, in the Start menu, click the Server Manager tile. 2. In the Server Manager window, in the WELCOME TO SERVER MANAGER section, click Add roles and features. 3. With the Add Roles and Features Wizard open, click Next. 4. Select the Role-based or feature-based installation option and click Next. 5. With the Select a server from the server pool option checked, click Next. 6. Select the Windows Deployment Services role, and then click Next. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Installing WDS 7. Accept the default settings in the Select features step, and then click Next. 8. Take your time to read the WDS description and the things to note regarding the WDS installation. Then, click Next. 9. Select Role Services and then click Next. 10. Confirm the installation selections for the WDS role, and click the Install button. 11. Either hit Close or wait until the installation progress reaches its end. 12. Click Close to close the Add Roles and Features Wizard. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Setting up WDS  To set up WDS in your Windows Server 2019 server, complete the following steps: 1. Click the Start button, and then on the Start menu, click Windows Administrative Tools. 2. From the list, double-click the Windows Deployment Services. Shortly afterward, the Windows Deployment Services console will open. 3. In the WDS window, right-click the server, and then from the context menu, select Configure Server. 4. In the Windows Deployment Services Configuration Wizard, read the Before you begin message and then click Next. 5. In the Install Options step, select the Integrated with Active Directory option and then click Next. 6. In the Remote Installation Folder Location step, enter the path to the remote installation folder and then click Next. 7. In the Proxy DHCP Server step, select the options regarding the DHCP on your network infrastructure and then click Next. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID  Setting up WDS 8. In the PXE Server Initial Settings step, select the options to define which client computers this server will respond to and then click Next. 9. In the Task Progress step, wait for the task to be completed and then click Finish. 10. In the Windows Deployment Services window, right-click the server, and then from the context menu, select All Tasks | Start. 11. Prior to adding both install and boot images, you need to extract the Windows Server 2019 ISO image. 12. In the Windows Deployment Services window, right-click the Install Images folder and select Add Install Images... from the context menu. The following window will open. 13. In the Windows Deployment Services window, right-click the Boot Images. folder and select Add Boot Images... from the context menu. The following window will open. 14. Once the install and boot images are added, you can then boot the servers via the network in order to deploy Windows Server 2019. DR ASMAA HATEM RASHID