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# Chemistry Course - Intensive Professional Program **Course:** Intensive Professional **Program:** Chemistry **Date/Year:** 2012-1 **Document:** Page 1 of 2 **Topic 1:** Basic Chemistry; Substances. **Subtopic 1.1:** General Characteristics of Substances **Matter:** * Everything with mass...

# Chemistry Course - Intensive Professional Program **Course:** Intensive Professional **Program:** Chemistry **Date/Year:** 2012-1 **Document:** Page 1 of 2 **Topic 1:** Basic Chemistry; Substances. **Subtopic 1.1:** General Characteristics of Substances **Matter:** * Everything with mass and volume * Occupies space. **Classification of Matter:** * **Elements:** Composed of only one type of atom; cannot be decomposed by chemical means. * **Compounds:** Formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in fixed proportions; can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. * **Mixtures:** Combinations of two or more substances in variable proportions that retain their individual properties; these can be separated by physical means like evaporation, distillation and filtration.. * **Homogeneous Mixtures (Solutions):** Mixtures that have uniform composition throughout (cannot visibly separated in components). * **Heterogeneous Mixtures:** Mixtures that have non-uniform composition; different components are visible. **Properties of Matter:** * **Physical Properties:** Features that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's composition. * **Extensive Properties:** Depend on the amount of matter, (e.g. mass, volume, length). Examples are given and include daily events * **Intensive Properties:** Independent of the amount of matter (e.g, color, density, temperature, melting/boiling point). Examples include color and density * **Chemical Properties:** Characteristics that describe how a substance can react to form new substances (e.g. Oxidaton, reduction, combustion, flammability). Examples include combustion, oxidation of certain substances --- Note: The document includes diagrams/flow charts, which display the relationships between different concepts, and examples of elements and compounds. Specific examples are included of how the properties relate to specific aspects of matter.