Science 9 Reviewer PDF

Reviewer for Science 9 High melting point and good electrical conductivity when dissolved in water - properties that would help you recognize a compound as ionic rather than covalent. High melting point and hardness - most likely associated with an ionic compound Low melting poin...

Reviewer for Science 9 High melting point and good electrical conductivity when dissolved in water - properties that would help you recognize a compound as ionic rather than covalent. High melting point and hardness - most likely associated with an ionic compound Low melting point and poor conductivity - associated with covalent compounds High polarity and solubility in water - indication that a compound is ionic Low melting point and weak intermolecular forces - properties is more likely found in a covalent compound Ionic - type of bond is most likely found in a compound with a high melting point, hardness, and the ability to conduct electricity when molten - usually hard and brittle - Soft texture and flexibility - High electrical conductivity when melted or dissolved - High electrical conductivity in solution Covalent - Low melting point and poor thermal conductivity - known for poor thermal and electrical conductivity and low melting points Very low to moderate - typical melting point range for covalent compounds Benzene - an example of a hydrocarbon Alkanes - organic compounds primarily used as a fuel source OH - functional group characterizes alcohols Ethanol - organic compound commonly found in alcoholic beverages Esters - organic compounds known for its sweet odor and is often used in perfumes - organic compounds is primarily responsible for the flavor and fragrance of fruits Acetone - commonly used as a solvent in nail polish remover -COOH - functional group that is present in carboxylic acids Formaldehyde - organic compound used as a disinfectant and preservative Pharmaceuticals and dyes - Amines are commonly found Alkenes - typically used in making plastics Ethylene glycol - widely used in antifreeze for vehicles Flavoring and fragrances - common use for aldehydes in industry Amines - class of compounds that has a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more alkyl or aryl groups Ether - organic compounds that is often used in anesthetics Carbon chains and rings formed in organic chemistry through covalent bonding between carbon atoms Carbon’s ability to bond with itself affect the complexity of its compounds if it allows for the formation of large and complex molecules *Imagine you are a chemist tasked with designing a new, lightweight material for use in an outdoor structure that must withstand extreme weather conditions. Explain how you would decide whether to incorporate materials with ionic or covalent bonds in your design. *You are working as a science teacher, and your students are curious why salt crystals (like sodium chloride) dissolve in water while sugar (a covalent compound) also dissolves but behaves differently. Explain how the ionic bonds in salt and the covalent bonds in sugar contribute to these differences in behavior when mixed with water. *Imagine you are explaining the science behind saltwater’s electrical conductivity to a friend who is unfamiliar with chemistry. Explain why the presence of ions allows saltwater to conduct electricity. *Imagine you are a scientist studying the structure of different organic molecules. You notice that some molecules form long chains, others create ring structures, and some even form complex networks. Explain how the structure of the carbon atom allows it to form these diverse molecular shapes.