Review for Final Exam Fall 2024 PDF

Review for final exam Fall 2024 Matter, Measurements, and Problem Solving: 1. SI units and prefixes and Significant figures 2. Convert the temperatures 3. Calculate density 4. Definitions of accuracy, precision, liquid, solid, gas 5. Steps of scientific method 6. Phys...

Review for final exam Fall 2024 Matter, Measurements, and Problem Solving: 1. SI units and prefixes and Significant figures 2. Convert the temperatures 3. Calculate density 4. Definitions of accuracy, precision, liquid, solid, gas 5. Steps of scientific method 6. Physical and chemical changes Atoms and Elements 1. Calculate the number of moles, the molar mass, the mass percent 2. Calculate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons, isotopes 3. Periodic table: identify a metal, nonmetal, metalloid, a noble gas 4. Definition of atom, molecule, cation, anion, ion Atoms and Elements 1. Empirical and molecular formulas, and Naming the compounds 2. Calculate the average atomic mass Stoichiometry 1. Identify the limiting reactant, and theoretical yield, and calculate the percentage yield 2. Determine the empirical and molecular formula 3. Balance a chemical equation 4. Calculate the amount of reactant and product Reactions in aqueous solutions 1. Identify a strong and weak acid or base 2. Calculate the molarity of a solution 3. Calculate the molarity of ions 4. Calculate the oxidation number of an element, identify the oxidizing and reducing agents 5. Identify an acid, a base, an acid-base reaction, and redox reaction, a precipitation reaction 6. Identify spectator ions, a net ionic equation 1 Gases 1. Calculations using ideal gas law, Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Avogadro’s law 2. Use Dalton’s law and Graham’s law 3. Calculate the mole fraction and partial pressure 4. Calculate the root mean square velocity 5. Calculate the effusion rates Thermochemistry 1. Calculating change in internal energy (∆E = q + w) 2. Calculate q=mc∆T and W=-P∆V 3. Calculate ∆H using selected thermodynamic data Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom 1. Calculate the wavelength and frequency 2. Calculate the De Broglie wavelength 3. Quantum numbers 4. The shapes of atomic orbitals Periodic Properties of the Elements 1. Development of the periodic table: groups and periods 2. Electron configurations: how electrons fill orbitals 3. valence electrons and the periodic table Chemical Bonding (I): The Lewis Model and (II) Molecular Shapes 1. Lewis structure and formal charge 2. Electronic and molecular geometry of molecules such as H2O, CO2, NH3, SF6 2