Respiratory Regulation.pptx

Respiratory Regulation The Respiratory System What does “respiratory regulation” mean? As previously covered, when we exercise our breathing rate (f) increases, tidal volume (TV) increases, minute ventilation (VE) increases, breathing depth increases, more muscles are employed, and our ribs, diaphra...

Respiratory Regulation The Respiratory System What does “respiratory regulation” mean? As previously covered, when we exercise our breathing rate (f) increases, tidal volume (TV) increases, minute ventilation (VE) increases, breathing depth increases, more muscles are employed, and our ribs, diaphragm and lungs become more active. Respiratory regulation is the system that is responsible for these respiratory adjustments to maintain the appropriate levels of O2 delivery and CO2 removal. Respiratory regulation 1: The RCC 1. RCC Respiratory Control Centre (Located in the medulla oblongata) Expiratory Centre (EC) Inactive during rest but will stimulate additional expiratory muscles during exercise Inspiratory Centre (IC) Stimulates inspiratory muscles during rest and exercise Respiratory regulation 2: Stimulation of the RCC @ Rest 1. RCC 2. Inspiratory centre coordinates the rhythmic cycle of breathing Intercostal nerve (external intercostals) 3. Nerve impulses stimulate the inspiratory muscles Phrenic nerve (Diaphragm) Remember: The EC is inactive during rest. Respiratory regulation 3: Inhalation during exercise 1. Chemoreceptors Theromreceptors Proprioreceptors 2. RCC 3. Inspiratory centre 4. Inspiratory Mechanics Diphragm flattens, external intercostals, sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis minor & scalenes contract. Respiratory regulation 3: Exhalation during exercise 1. Chemoreceptors Baroreceptors 2. RCC 3. Expiratory centre (EC) (Excessive stretching) 4. Exhalation mechanics Diphragm arcs, rectus abdominis, internal intercostals & obliques contract INHALATION Chemoreceptors Thermoreceptors Proprioreceptors EXHALATION Barorecetors Chemoreceptors RCC Expiratory centre (EC) Inspiratory centre Muscles: Scalenes, Sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis minor, external intercostals all contract Muscles: Rectus abdominus, internal intercostals, obliques all contract Ribs: Up & out Ribs: Down & in Diaphragm: Flattens Diaphragm: Arcs Lungs: Cavity increases/ expands Lungs: Cavity reduces Air: Moves out Air: Moves in