Respiratory.pdf

Respiratory Pt1 Respiratory P+ 1 Movement of 02 CO2 function of the Primary lungs Exchange of Oxygen Carbon Dioxide · Innale Oxygen from the atmosphere 21 %02concentration...

Respiratory Pt1 Respiratory P+ 1 Movement of 02 CO2 function of the Primary lungs Exchange of Oxygen Carbon Dioxide · Innale Oxygen from the atmosphere 21 %02concentration - - Transfered via arteries to cells from taleCarbonDiode the leas an body · - CO= 35-45 LExchange occurs at the Alveolar level  Tissue Exchange Diffusion of from a tissue - a tissue oxygen cell-A Capillary into - Diffusion of carbon dioxide from a tissue cell into a tissue Capillary B - · A B  Oxygen Transportation Dissolved in Plasma-PaO2 Diffuses across the membrane into - capillary cell-bound O2 to release from the Hemoglobin into the plasma is diffuse into cells Bound to HemoglobinO2 - way transportation - most common of pst) release toOxygen a In order nemoglobin 02 first have plasma from To  Curve resud Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation A. shifts to left >Hgb - for 02 ↑ affinity left indicates a = Idelivery any given Pale higher but O2 for oxygen to the tissue is impaired & BoNormal curve - ABc C. Shifts to Right- I for 02 respright affinity acidnightindicatesaenter ( B 02 delivery is level at the enhanced ( tissue for Dissociation Curve Key Points · Plots the relationship to dissolved oxygen , nemoglobin-bound oxygen TheSteepower portionshowsthat large a · the abilty Hyb clony amountsofOxygenfrom the a that the saturation he flat · upperportion shows the declines remains high even as Pao of Hgb  Procedures Diagnostic Bronchoscopy of the bronchioles Fiberoptic · visualization wash , biopsy, fis removal o used for diagnostic purposes , opatient is sedated Moracentesis the plural space Removal of fluid from · a Diagnostictestoffluidincudetesting · Function Test Pulmonary lungvolumemechanisofbreathin that -est include LABED · Notes Rarely all a done for critically ill  Volumes & Capacities Lung Tidal Volume (VT) The amount of · exhaled during the relaxation air of respiration phase · Normal-500mL · Minute Volume /Ventilation = VTXRespRate Vital Capacity (VC) caa b c Maximumamountair that · · Normal = 4600 - 4800 mL · 10-15 milky minimal to wean from vent Gasses Hypoxemia-10w O2(no air in) stuff out · Hypercapnia-high CO2 Ino bad coming Ventilation(u) of out of the · movement of a volume gas into Moving AIR lungs ; eventilators only more ar in Respiration (a) carbon dioxide across a membrane exchange oxygen · of crespirators more gas Normal V : Quatio is 18  Dynamic vs Static Compliance How easy it is to inflate the lungs) - - I DynamicCompliance StaticCompliance 37-85m//cmH20 oomilcmH2 measure when lungs arerest during measured breathing · at a · · Decreased wi decrease · Decreased lung compliance in lung compliance Pneumothrax - Airway Resistance - - Increased Secretions - Atelectasis - Pulmonary Edema Bronchial Spasms - Chest Wall Restriction - - -  Ventilation us Perfusion Ventilation the act of breathing in an out Perfusion -blood reaching / perfusing the lungs - Gas Exchange Ventilation/Perfusion Match for healthy lungs ;the amount of gas that's inhaled and reaches Alveolic ventilation) = the amount of blood the lungs (Perfusion) perfusing clonal-V/Quatio 1:I Alveoli ? What could reduce ventilation of the Gas to Alveoli Preventingof getting ExObstruction/foreign body-blockage of airway What could reduce perfusion of the Alveoli ? reduced perfusion to Alveoli causes disruption in the movement of anything thatblood to the lungs Exspulmonary embolism; emboli blocks blood flow whin the > perfusion does pulmonary artery - not occur  VIQ Mismatch continued Hypoventilation (Ventilation issue · Low Tidal Volume old air inventilation retaining - · characterized as a decrease Alveolilminute Decrease O2 to · ResultinreasedPao ↳ (Perfusion Issue) Intrapulmonary Shunting blood returns to left side of heart -Deoxygenated shuntsmall amount of blood Physiological - at alveoli not exchanging amomofbloodrmal no Pathological Shulage - tissue is wellperfused When lung but not well ventilated (no movement of air ) ex; pneumonia , pus starts to fill up alveoli , which hinders gas exchange Treat = Inc Oz ,treat cause underlying  goingmung - yas Blood not getting to alveoli