Quantitative Research PDF

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DEFINITION 1 It is either descriptive, wherein subjects are measured once, or experimental, wherein subjects are measured before and after (Babbie, 2010) There are two main types of quantitative research: Descriptive re...

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DEFINITION 1 It is either descriptive, wherein subjects are measured once, or experimental, wherein subjects are measured before and after (Babbie, 2010) There are two main types of quantitative research: Descriptive research Experimental research This type measures things only once. This type involves measuring the same subjects before and after some change. Example: you might survey a group of people about their eating habits and Example: you might test how a new collect data from them just one time. teaching method affects students by measuring their performance before the method is used, and then again after using it. DEFINITION 2 Data is gathered using structured instruments. The results are based on large sample sizes representative of the population and can be replicated (Babbie, 2010) Data is collected using structured instruments Instruments such as surveys or questionnaires, that have set questions and ways of measuring things are used. The research is based on large sample sizes This means that u have a lot of participants in ur study and these samples are chosen to represent the larger group (the population) you're interested in. Example: if you're studying how teenagers feel about a topic, you'd try to include a diverse group of teenagers that reflects the whole teen population.  It can be replicated We can’t replicate results in qualitative research cuz it’s subjective and people’s lived experiences are diff from each other. However since quantitative research collects and analyzes objective data in a structured and systematic way, it is REPLICABLE. By replicable, it means that other researchers can do the same study in the same way and get similar results. DEFINITION 3 It aims to classify features, count them, and construct statistical models in an attempt to explain what is observed (Babbie, 2010) Quantitative research focuses on identifying specific characteristics, measuring how often they occur, and using numbers and data to create models that help explain what is happening WAT IS A QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH? A quantitative research is an inquiry into the social or human problems based on testing a theory composed of variables, measured with numbers, and analyzed with statistical procedures in order to determine whether the predictive generalizations of the theory hold true" (Creswell ,1994) Basically, it solves problems in the society by testing if wat we believe is true using numbers and statistical methods. CHARACTERISTICS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH What is its nature of There is a single & objective reality reality? In quantitative research, we believe there is only one truth or reality, and it exists whether we observe it or not. This reality can be measured and understood in an unbiased way. What is the relationship of The researcher is independent of the subject of research the researchers to the subjects? no bias cuz u have no influence on the data. They just observe and analyze without getting personally involved What is the role of values? Research is value-free and unbiased The researcher doesn’t let their personal feelings, opinions, or beliefs influence how they conduct the study or interpret the results. What is the language of Formal, based on set definitions, impersonal voice and uses accepted the research? quantitative words What does impersonal voice mean? It means not using personal words like "I" or "we." Instead, the focus is on the facts and the research, not the researcher’s personal thoughts or actions. For example, instead of saying "I found," u say "The study found." What is the process of the Deductive process - It starts with a general idea or theory and tests research? it Cause & effect - It looks for how one thing causes another Static design - It plans everything ahead of time, organizing things into groups before the study begins; categories are isolated before the study. STRENGTHS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Quantitative research can be replicated or repeated ❖​ Findings are generalizable to the population ❖​ Conclusive establishment of cause & effect ❖​ Fast and easy data analysis using statistical software ❖​ Fast and easy data gathering  ❖​ VERY objective ❖​ Validity & reliability can be established ​ u gotta pay for professionals who would validate ur tools/questionnaire;the downside is that it makes it costly tho ❖​ Numerical and quantifiable data can be used to predict outcomes WEAKNESSES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ❖​ It lacks the necessary data to explore a problem or concept in depth ​ cuz u can only gather data from the structured questions and u cant ask follow-up questions ❖​ It does not provide comprehensive explanation of human experiences ​ quantitative research doesn’t care about ur perspectives and lived experiences ❖​ Some information cannot be described by numerical data such as feelings and beliefs ​ cuz it only cares about FACTS ❖​ The research design is rigid and not flexible ​ cuz again, u can’t ask follow-up questions. They just tick the boxes or answer the provided questions ❖​ The participants are limited to choose only from the given responses ❖​ The respondents may tend to provide inaccurate responses ​ cuz their ans might not be in the choices u provided ❖​ A large sample size makes data collection more difficult IDENTIFY IF ITS QUANTITATIVE OR NOT TOPIC/RESEARCH QUESTION YES/NO EXPLANATION A survey of voters’ preferences in the May Yes It uses a survey & close-ended questions. 2016 elections. Single parents’ perceptions and experiences No Perceptions and experiences are regarding their children’s learning difficulties. qualitative. The correlation between height and IQ level. Yes Cuz of the word “correlation” and numerical data can be used to find the correlation of the two variables. A political detainee’s ordeal inside his/her No It’s about the prisoner’s experience in prison cell his/her prison cell, which falls under quali. What is the average score of high school Yes It uses numerical data and measures of students in standardized math tests across central tendency is used since it mentions different private schools in Makati? “average score.” How do high school teachers experience and No Experiences and perceptions are quali. perceive the shift to digital classrooms during the pandemic? What is the correlation between social media Yes It talks about the correlation, which is for usage and levels of anxiety in teenagers aged quanti. 13-18 at Colegio San Agustin Makati? What are the life stories of people who No It talks about lived experiences. dedicated their lives to social activism? REMEMBER! ❖​ “Correlation” is quanti cuz when u look for the correlation/relationship of 2 variables, it’s like doing an experiment and u use numerical data when u conduct an experiment ❖​ “Correlation” & “between” are key words to quanti cuz when u look for the relationship between variables, it’s quanti. ❖​ When measures of central tendency are used (mean, mode, median), it’s descriptive quantitative. TEST 1.​ Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of quantitative research? Quantitative methods may be Figures, tables or graphs It seeks to collect a more repeated to verify findings in showcase summarized data comprehensive understanding another setting, thus collection to point out trends, of activities associated with strengthen and reinforce the relationships, or differences human behavior and the validity of findings eliminating among variables. attributes that rule such  the chance of spurious behavior. conclusions. 2.​ Which statement below illustrates a weakness of quantitative research? The responses of the The researcher’s perspective Low degree of subjectivity. participants are limited to what can influence interpretation of has been asked and the choices results. given. 3.​ Which of the following is NOT a strength of quantitative research? Less expensive Speedy data analysis Replicable 4.​ Which problem statement below is quantitative research? A researcher interviews the A researcher surveys all A researcher wanted to principle to find out the students about their food determine the challenges challenges, and triumphs in preferences for the new school encountered by the teachers running a rural school. canteen. and students in the new normal situation. 5.​ Which of the following best describes the primary difference between quantitative and qualitative reseach methodologies? Qualitative research typically Quantitative research focuses Quantitative research is involes larger sample sizes than on numerical data and subjective and interpretative, quantitative research. statistical analysis, while whereas qualitative research is qualitative research emphasizes objective and based on non-numerical data. measurable data.