Reproductive System: Male and Female Anatomy PDF

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM  MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Includes primary sex organs and accessory sex organs PRIMARY Testis scrotum ACCESSORY Seminal vesicles Cowper’s Gland Prostate Urethra Penis SCROTUM a sac enclosing the testes on th...

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM  MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Includes primary sex organs and accessory sex organs PRIMARY Testis scrotum ACCESSORY Seminal vesicles Cowper’s Gland Prostate Urethra Penis SCROTUM a sac enclosing the testes on the outside of the body TESTIS Paired oval glands in the scrotum The testis are responsible for making sperm and are also involved in producing a hormone called testosterone. SEMINAL VESICLES Paired tubular gland They secrete fluid that composes semen (seminal fluid) which nourishes and transports sperm PROSTATE GLAND The primary function of prostate gland is to produce the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS The paired bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands are small, about the size of a pea SEMEN It is the fluid that is released through the penis during orgasm. Semen is made up of fluid and sperm. Discharge of semen is called ejaculation PENIS The penis is a male sexual organ. functions to transfer sperm to the vagina. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM  Medical root word is Gyneco/- Branch of science dealing with pregnancy and childbirth is obstetrics Female reproductive organs are divided into external and internal. EXTERNAL GENITALIA 1.MONS PUBIS 2. LABIA MAJORA 3. LABIA MINORA 4. CLITORIS 5. URETHRA 6. VAGINA  7. BARTHOLINS GLAND 8. SKENES GLAND VESTIBULE Triangular part of the vulva It is surrounded by clitoris superiorly, fourchette inferiorly and labia minora bilaterally INTERNAL GENETALIA 1. OVARY Bilaterally situated, oval or almond shaped It is the gonads in female that produces ovum Functions are releasing ovum and hormones estrogen which helps in secondary sexual character development and progesterone which maintains pregnancy 2. FALLOPIAN TUBE (Oviduct) Also called uterine tube, oviduct, salpinges Paired tubular structure, bilaterally situated, leading egg from ovary to uterus It has four parts  Fimbriae  Infundibulum  Ampulla  Isthmus UTERUS It is the womb accepting the fertilized ovum The uterus has three layers, endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium. VAGINA The vagina serves three purposes: It's where the penis is inserted during sexual intercourse. It's the pathway (the birth canal) through which a baby leaves a woman's body during childbirth. It's the route through which menstrual blood leaves the body during periods. BREAST modified SWEAT glands Bilaterally situated Breast contains 12 to 20 lobes in which hundred lobules are present where milk is stored  MENSTRUATION Menstruation is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the lining of uterus through vagina.  Amnion- Innermost membranous sac surrounding foetus Chorion- Outermost membrane surrounding foetus Placenta-Vascular organ attached to uterine wall during pregnancy. Helps in the exchange of oxygen and nutrients between mother and fetus Fertilization happens when a sperm cell successfully meets an egg cell in the fallopian tube. Once fertilization takes place, this newly fertilized cell is called a zygote. From here, the zygote will move down the fallopian tube and into the uterus Zygote- From fertilization till 2 weeks Embryo- From 2 weeks to 8 weeks Foetus-8 weeks to 40 weeks