Reported Speech Grammar Sheet PDF

ENGLISH 1 GRAMMAR SHEET REPORTED SPEECH DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH It is the exact words so...

ENGLISH 1 GRAMMAR SHEET REPORTED SPEECH DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH It is the exact words someone said. We use It is the exact meaning of what someone said quotation marks. but not the exact words. We do not use quotation marks in it. He said, “ I’ll be back soon”. He said that he would be back soon. SAY/TELL SAY is not followed by the person the words STATEMENTS were spoken to.TELL is followed by the person 1. We use a reporting verb ( say, tell, the words were spoken to. advise, explain, promise, etc) followed by a THAT-CLAUSE. She told me she was very tired/She Said that she was very tired “That “may be omitted. 2. Pronouns and possessive adjectives change according to the meaning. 3. Certain words change as follows: Direct speech: this/these, here, come Reported specech: that/those, there, GO 4. CHANGES IN THE VERBAL TENSES DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH She Said that... PRESENT SIMPLE¨ PAST SIMPLE “ PRESENT PAST CONTINUOUS We can report STATEMENTS, QUESTIONS CONTINUOUS &COMMANDS PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT PAST SIMPLE PAST PERFECT FUTURE CONDITIONAL  REPORTED SPEECH Página 2 5. TIME EXPRESSIONS CHANGES REPORTED QUESTIONS Direct speech Reported speech We use affirmative Word order and the Tonight, today, this That night, that question mark is omitted. week/month Day, that week To report a wh- question, we use ASK Now Then, at that time, followed by a question word. at once, immediately When there is no question word in direct questions, IF or WHETHER is used in Reported Now that since questions. Yesterday/last The Day before, the Pronouns, possessive adjectives, tenses, night/week previous night,the time expressions change as in statements. tomorrow/ next day after,the He asked “ What time is it?” week/two days following day, ---- He asked what time it was ago.-- before He asked me: “Do you know her? He asked me IF/whether I knew her. WATCH OUT! 6. There are no verbal changes Commands/Requests/suggestions when the reporting verb is in the Present, future or Present Perfect tense or when the sentences expresses something To report a command we use a which is always true. different structure: She’ll say, “I can’t do it” DO NOT USE SAY, USE TELL, ORDER, BEG,ETC. She’ll say that she can’t do it. “ the earth is round”, said the SUBJECT+TOLD+IO+to+infinitive teacher The teacher said the earth is round He Said to me: “Stop talking!” He told me to stop talking 7. The past perfect does not He said, “Do not shout” usually change He told ME not to shout 8. Certain modal verbs do not change ; would, could, might, should, ought to “He might visit us” Mum said Mum said that he might visit us REPORTED SPEECH Página 3 MORE ABOUT …REQUESTS AND SUGGESTIONS TO REPORT REQUESTS, we use the verbs ASK & BEG+ sb.+(not ) to- infinitive. The Sentence in direct speech usually contains PLEASE. e.g. “Look at me, please”, Mary said to John Mary asked John to look at her. “Please, please, don’t tell Jane you saw me”, she said to him She begged him not to tell Jane he had seen her TO REPORT SUGGESTIONS , we use the verb SUGGEST+ ING FORM: “Let’s play a game, , Father said to us We can/could play a game Shall we play a game? How about playing a game?"► Father suggested playing a game OTHER INTRODUCTORY VERBS Introductory verb Direct Speech Reported Speech PROMISE, REFUSE, I’ll be home early He promised to be home OFFER}+TO-INF No, I won’t wash the early dishes He refused to wash the Can I get you an aspirin? dishes He offered to get me an aspirin ADVISE,ASK,BEG,ORDER, You should stay in bed He advised me to stay in WARN+SB+TO-INF Please post this letter bed Please, please, listen to He asked me to post the me letter Don’t move! He begged her to listen Don’t go near the fire to him He warned me not to go near the fire ACTIVITIES STATEMENTS 1.CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER. 1. I said that I (don’t/didn’t, wasn’t) think their plan was good. 2. He said that he (would, can, was) go to see that play soon. 3. He said that he(had,is,was) worked in Barcelona before he moved there. 4. My teacher said that I ( had to, can, may) do better than that. 1. FILL IN THE BLANKS. 1. “I like English” Michael said that he.....................English 2. “You must stop eating fried food”. the doctor explained that I..................stop eating fried food. 3. “I don’t want to go to school today”. My brother insisted that he......................want to go to school........ 4. “ My sister has lived in Toledo for years”. The man told us that.......sister....lived in Toledo for years. 5. “ I will be 17 years old next Tuesday”. Brenda reminded us that she.......be 17 years old......Tuesday. 3. WRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES IN REPORTED SPEECH: 1. “ My cousins have often visited France,” Joanna pointed out. 2. “ A lot of gold is mined in South Africa”, the diplomat pointed out. 3.”The children have been studying geography this morning”, he said. 4. “the minister is preparing his speech now”, the journalist said. 5.”I might go to Amsterdam next year”, Paul said. 6. “We will also work during the summer”, the teenagers agreed. 7. “I had a cold last week”, the worker said. 8. “I forgot to take my suitcase”, Jim said 9. “I want you to take the car to the garage next Friday”, he told his wife. COMMANDS 4.WRITE THE FOLLOWING COMMANDS IN REPORTED SPEECH. 1.“Please don’t leave,” he begged her. 2. “Don’t smoke in the office”, the boss said 3. “Keep quiet!” the nurse said to the visitors 4.”Give me your papers”, the policeman instructed me 5. “Don’t forget to phone me!” the father said to his son QUESTIONS 5. WRITE THESE QUESTIONS IN REPORTED SPEECH 1.“Do you understand me?”. The teacher asked us if / whether 2. “Will it rain tomorrow?” He wants to know................ 3. “Do we have to answer all the questions? “. The puplis asked.............. 4. “Is he sleeping?” Mother asked....................... 5.”Have you been ill?” My friend wondered....................... 6. “How are you going to pay?”. The cashier asked me...................... 7.“When will my car be ready?”. Mr Green wanted to know.......................... 6. WRITE THE FOLLOWING WH-QUESTIONS IN REPORTED SPEECH. 1. “ whose pencil is this?”, the teacher asked 2. “Where are Niagara Falls?”, the child asked  3.”Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln?”, he asked 4.”Who was singing just now?”, my mother asked 5. “When did the committee decide to fire the workers?” he wondered REQUESTS AND SUGGESTIONS 1.”Could you please phone the bank?”, Dann asked Lynn. 2. “Let’s order hamburgers instead of Indian food”, Martin said 3. “Would you like to stay for supper?” we asked our son’s girlfriend 4. “Please, let’s not quarrel any more,”she begged 5.”Dad, don’t forget to send the e-mail,please,”, Josi said INTRODUCTORY VERBS Choose an introductory verb and turn the following from direct to reported speech ADVISED, ASKED, ORDERED, WARNED, PROMISED, BEGGED, OFFERED, REFUSED, SUGGESTED 1.“I think you should eat more vegetables”, my mother said to me 2. No, I won’t help you”, she said to Jim 3. “I’ll buy you something nice for your birthday”, her mother said to her 4.”Don’t play near the road because it’s dangerous”, he said to us. 5.”Would you like me to do the shopping?”, she said. 6.”Please, please don’t leave me alone in the dark”, she said to her parents 7.”How about going to the cinema tonight?, he said 8.”Shall we watch a video?” they said 6. CORRECT THE MISTAKES 1. I said that I need a new book, but nobody listened 2. My father asked me how did I feel 3. We wandered what time was it 4. He asked us what time does the train arrive 5. The teacher asked did we finish reading the text