Relationships Chapter 3 Test.docx

**Chapter 3 Strengthening Positive Attitudes** **MATCHING** *Match the following terms and identifying phrases.* ---- ---------------- A. acting out B. anxiety C. attitudes D. mental health E. regression F. routine stress ---- ---------------- 1\. The overall conditio...

**Chapter 3 Strengthening Positive Attitudes** **MATCHING** *Match the following terms and identifying phrases.* ---- ---------------- A. acting out B. anxiety C. attitudes D. mental health E. regression F. routine stress ---- ---------------- 1\. The overall condition of a person's emotional and social well-being. 2\. The act of expressing oneself through an extreme behavior rather than through words. 3\. Stress resulting from everyday events that require some response. 4\. Patterns of thinking, feeling, and responding that people develop through interactions with their environments. 5\. An uneasy feeling that causes people to believe something terrible is going to happen. 6\. The act of returning to childish or immature behavior when difficulties or frustrations occur. 1\. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 2\. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 3\. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 4\. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 5\. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 6\. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 *Match the following terms and identifying phrases.* ---- ----------------- A. compensation B. depression C. direct attack D. idealization E. sex roles F. sex stereotypes ---- ----------------- 7\. A culture's definition of how males and females should behave. 8\. The act of facing, recognizing, and solving a problem in a positive way. 9\. Widely held beliefs about the characteristics shared by all men or all women. 10\. The act of focusing on a strength to make up for a weakness. 11\. The act of valuing someone or something more than it is worth. 12\. An overwhelming sense of sadness or hopelessness. 7\. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 8\. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 9\. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 10\. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 11\. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 12\. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 *Match the following terms and identifying phrases.* ---- -------------- A. displacement B. fantasy C. projection D. self-pity E. self-talk F. stress ---- -------------- 13\. The act of feeling sorry for oneself. 14\. Little messages that a person sends to himself or herself. 15\. The act of a person taking his or her own life. 16\. The act of taking out feelings on someone or something else rather than facing the real problem. 17\. The use of imaginary thoughts as an escape to fill personal needs. 18\. The act of placing the blame for failures on others. 13\. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 14\. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 15\. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 16\. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 17\. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 18\. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 *Match the following terms and identifying phrases.* ---- --------------------- A. conversion B. denial C. rationalization D. suicide E. transitional stress ---- --------------------- 19\. The body's response to demanding events in life that cause tension. 20\. The refusal to accept the reality of something that has happened. 21\. The act of explaining a weakness by giving a socially acceptable excuse. 22\. The transferring of an emotion into a physical symptom. 23\. Stress resulting from life changes that place demands on a person. 19\. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 20\. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 21\. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 22\. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 23\. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 **TRUE/FALSE** 24\. A mentally healthy person often has a positive attitude. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 25\. A person who blames others for his or her problems is handling negative feelings in a healthy way. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 26\. Displacement is a defense mechanism in which people make excuses for their behavior. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 27\. Short, unspoken messages that a person says to himself or herself are called self-talk. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 28\. Most people feel stress only during bad situations. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 29\. Physical activity helps a person reduce some of the negative effects of stress. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 30\. Depression is an overwhelming attitude of sadness, discouragement, or hopelessness. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 31\. Self-pity can increase a person's negative feelings about himself or herself. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 32\. People who are serious about committing suicide generally do not talk about it. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 33\. All sex roles are biological in nature. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 34\. Negative attitudes tend to produce actions that cause negative attitudes to increase. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 35\. Frequently using defense mechanisms to cope with life's experiences can slow personal growth. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 36\. Valuing someone or something far more than it is worth is called *idealization*. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 37\. Direct compensation means identifying an unsatisfactory personal characteristic and then changing it. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 38\. Males and females inherit sex role behaviors from their parents. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 39\. Normal anxiety occurs when there is some kind of threat. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 40\. Some anxiety can be positive when it motivates people to take needed action. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 41\. Increased self-esteem can help reduce anxiety. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 42\. If a person is mature and makes mature decisions, he or she will not experience stress in his or her life. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 43\. Positive self-talk can help a person keep a positive attitude. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 44\. Anger is a negative emotion that always produces negative actions. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 45\. Children learn sex role behaviors from their families, other adults, and their peers. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 46\. A society's sex stereotypes have little influence on people because everyone knows the stereotypes are unrealistic. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 **MULTIPLE CHOICE** 47\. Which of the following would increase negative mental attitudes? ---- -------------------------- A. A low opinion of oneself B. Positive feedback C. Self-acceptance D. High self-esteem ---- -------------------------- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 48\. Which statement is most characteristic of a person with a negative attitude? ---- ---------------------------------------------------------- A. I know I can succeed. B. I want to help people in life. C. It doesn't matter what I do. D. My life is like an open book, and I'm writing the story. ---- ---------------------------------------------------------- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 49\. Which of the following is an example of the self-perpetuating cycle of attitudes and actions? ---- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A. You feel discouraged, so you ask a friend to join you at the movies to help cheer you up. B. You are anxious to pass a test, but you do not bother to study. C. You admire a popular singer and daydream about how much fun it would be to sing on stage. D. You dress in bright colors because you feel good about yourself. Others comment about how nice you look. ---- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 50\. A student who does not study for a test and fails may say, "It was the teacher's fault." This is an example of \_\_\_\_. ---- -------------- A. conversion B. displacement C. projection D. fantasy ---- -------------- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 51\. Which of the following is an example of compensation? ---- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- A. A nonathletic person excels in band. B. A person blames others for an overweight problem. C. A person refuses to get glasses to improve vision. D. A person buys a high-priced car even though he or she has no place to live. ---- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 52\. Which of the following actions would not increase positive life attitudes? ---- ------------------------------------ A. Choosing friends who encourage you B. Saying "good job!" to yourself C. Setting unrealistic goals D. Using compensation ---- ------------------------------------ ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 53\. Which of the following could be considered a routine source of stress? ---- ---------------------------------- A. A grandparent dies. B. A sibling gets married. C. A tornado hits a person's house. D. A person misses the bus. ---- ---------------------------------- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 54\. Which of the following stressful situations is an example of a traumatic event? ---- -------------------------------- A. Being fired from a job B. Graduating from high school C. Being sick with the flu D. Starting a new class in school ---- -------------------------------- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 55\. Marie is out with a group of friends. Several want to stay out late and are pressuring Marie to join them. Because this situation is stressful for Marie, she decides to go home. Which method of managing stress is Marie using? ---- ----------------------------------------------- A. Changing her response to the stress B. Organizing her schedule C. Removing the source of the stress D. Removing herself from the stressful situation ---- ----------------------------------------------- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 56\. Which of the following is a negative way to handle anger? ---- ------------------------------------------ A. Admit you are angry. B. Blame the person who made you angry. C. Try to identify the cause of your anger. D. Look for a way to change the situation. ---- ------------------------------------------ ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 57\. Teens who adopt a positive mental attitude \_\_\_\_. ---- ----------------------------------------------------------- A. feel powerless B. feel that it really does not matter what they do or think C. have no sense of direction D. view themselves as valuable people ---- ----------------------------------------------------------- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 58\. Which of the following defense mechanisms is being used when a person blames another for his or her failures? ---- ----------------- A. Conversion B. Displacement C. Projection D. Rationalization ---- ----------------- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 59\. Which defense mechanism is being practiced when people use imaginary thoughts as an escape to fill their personal needs? ---- -------------- A. Conversion B. Displacement C. Fantasy D. Idealization ---- -------------- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 60\. A young man who identifies the source of what he does not like about himself and tries to change it is using \_\_\_\_. ---- ------------------------- A. direct attack B. direct compensation C. positive self-talk D. reasonable expectations ---- ------------------------- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 61\. Which of the following is a common physical response to stress? ---- ---------------- A. Blinking eyes B. Itchy skin C. Poor posture D. Tensed muscles ---- ---------------- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 62\. Which of the following statements about experiencing stress is not true? ---- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A. A positive mental attitude can help people handle stress in a healthy way. B. For most people, stressful situations are rare. C. Stress is a normal part of life. D. The more sources of stress a person experiences at one time, the greater the effects of stress. ---- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 63\. What is the first step for handling anger in a positive way? ---- -------------------------------------------- A. Admit that the anger exists. B. Discuss the situation with a close friend. C. Focus on the positive. D. Identify the source of the anger. ---- -------------------------------------------- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 64\. Which of the following steps should be taken when someone expresses suicidal thoughts? ---- -------------------------------------------------------------------- A. Contact professional help immediately, such as a school counselor. B. Ignore the person, realizing he or she is just being melodramatic. C. Tell the person to quit being foolish. D. Try to provide help by listening as a counselor would. ---- -------------------------------------------------------------------- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 65\. An overwhelming attitude of sadness, discouragement, and hopelessness can be called \_\_\_\_. ---- ------------ A. anger B. anxiety C. depression D. passivity ---- ------------ ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 66\. Self-pity that results in depression, resulting in isolation, resulting in more self-pity is an example of \_\_\_\_. ---- ----------------------------- A. the anxiety cycle B. the mental health cycle C. the self-perpetuating cycle D. the stress cycle ---- ----------------------------- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 67\. A culture's definition of how men and women should generally behave can be termed \_\_\_\_. ---- ------------------------------------------------------ A. mature intellectual, social, and emotional behaviors B. rationalization C. sex roles D. sex stereotypes ---- ------------------------------------------------------ ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 68\. Describing men as strong, unemotional, and decisive and women as weak, dependent, and beautiful is an example of \_\_\_\_. ---- -------------------- A. poor mental health B. projection C. sex roles D. sex stereotyping ---- -------------------- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 **ESSAY** 69\. Explain and give an example illustrating the following statement: "Attitudes and actions produce a self-perpetuating cycle." ANS: (Answers will vary but should include the idea that attitudes can produce actions that may cause those same attitudes to increase.) PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 70\. Describe five ways a person could build positive life attitudes. ANS: (List five:) Use direct attack (face the problem). Use compensation (focus on a strength to make up for a weakness). Set reasonable expectations (not expectations too high or low). Use positive self-talk (send yourself positive messages). Interpret facts (in a positive way). Select your friends (people who respect, encourage, and accept you). PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 71\. List five steps for handling anger in a positive way. ANS: (List five:) Admit your anger. Identify the source. Identify the choices for managing the situation. Discuss the problem with a close friend or trusted adult. Focus on the positive. Forgive and go on. PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.3 72\. What are three ways a person may be able to manage a stressful situation? ANS: (List three:) Remove the source of the stress. Remove yourself from the stressful situation. Change your response to the stress. Manage the stress by focusing on one part at a time. PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 73\. Give an example of positive self-talk a person might use to respond to a negative event such as failing a test. ANS: (Answers will vary.) PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1 74\. What are five sources of routine stress? ANS: (Answers will vary but may include:) change in health of family member, change in finances, change in friendships, change in daily schedule, starting school, ending school, change in social activities, personal illness, change in eating habits, change in work hours, change in responsibilities at home, change in living conditions PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 75\. What are five major changes in a person's life that could result in transitional stress? ANS: (Answers will vary.) PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 76\. Briefly describe five practices a person could follow to reduce some of the negative effects of stress. ANS: (Describe five:) Practice creative techniques. Do an activity you enjoy. Keep a schedule that includes physical activity. Eat nutritious foods. Get plenty of rest. Spend time with people who encourage you and give you emotional support. PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 77\. What are five physical changes that may take place as the body reacts to stress? ANS: (List five:) production of stress hormones, increased heart rate, opening of airways to the lungs, increased metabolism, increased flow of blood to large muscles, suppression of immune system, increased blood pressure, clammy hands, upset stomach PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 78\. Explain why chronic stress can be harmful to long-term health and well-being. ANS: Chronic stress keeps the body in an ongoing state of fight or flight. The body continues producing stress hormones, which may result in high blood pressure, heart attack, and stomach ulcers. PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.2 79\. Give an example of how a person might use a defense mechanism to deal with a personal failure, and explain how using this defense mechanism hinders personal growth. ANS: (Answers will vary but should illustrate one of the defense mechanisms and explain that using defense mechanisms prevents a person from dealing with a problem and taking action to find a solution.) PTS: 1 REF: Lesson 3.1