rective.docx

Explain to the students that **reactive materials** are substances that can undergo chemical reactions with other substances, often producing heat, light, gas, or even explosions. These reactions can occur when the reactive material comes into contact with air, water, or another chemical. Conduct...

Explain to the students that **reactive materials** are substances that can undergo chemical reactions with other substances, often producing heat, light, gas, or even explosions. These reactions can occur when the reactive material comes into contact with air, water, or another chemical. Conduct a simple demonstration activity using common household materials, this time showcasing the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and yeast. ✔ Start by pouring the hydrogen peroxide solution into a clear container or bowl. ✔ Next, add the warm water to the hydrogen peroxide and mix well. ✔ Finally, add the dry yeast to the mixture and observe the reaction. ✔ As the yeast mixes with the hydrogen peroxide solution, it catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen gas and water. This produces a foamy, bubbling reaction. While the reaction is safe and non-toxic, remind your audience of some safety tips: ✔ Avoid inhaling the gas produced during the reaction. ✔ Do not taste or ingest the mixture. ✔ Wash hands thoroughly after handling chemicals. Have a brief discussion with the students about what they observed during the demonstration. Ask questions like: *1. What happened when we mixed the yeast with the hydrogen peroxide solution?* *2. Why do you think the mixture foamed and bubbled up?* 3\. What safety precautions did we take during the demonstration? **2. Worked Example** **Examples of reactive materials and how to properly handle these materials:** **1. Bleach:** Bleach is a common household cleaner that contains sodium hypochlorite, which can react with acids (like vinegar) to produce chlorine gas, a toxic substance. ✔ Always use bleach in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of chlorine gas. ✔ Never mix bleach with acids (like vinegar) or ammonia-based cleaners to avoid the production of toxic gases. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear to avoid skin and eye irritation when handling bleach. ✔ Follow the manufacturer\'s instructions for dilution and usage carefully. **2. Ammonia:** Ammonia is often found in household cleaning products. It can react with bleach to produce toxic chloramine vapors. ✔ Use ammonia-based cleaners in well-ventilated areas to prevent inhalation of fumes. ✔ Never mix ammonia with bleach, as this can produce toxic chloramine vapors. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear to prevent skin and eye irritation when handling ammonia. ✔ Store ammonia-based cleaners in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and sources of heat. **3. Aluminum Foil**: Aluminum foil can react with acidic foods like tomatoes or citrus fruits, releasing hydrogen gas. ✔ Avoid using aluminum foil with acidic foods to prevent the release of hydrogen gas. ✔ Store aluminum foil in a cool, dry place away from sources of moisture to prevent corrosion. **4. Batteries:** Household batteries contain reactive materials like lithium, zinc, or alkaline electrolytes. If batteries are damaged or improperly disposed of, they can leak corrosive chemicals or even explode. ✔ Handle batteries with care and avoid damaging them to prevent leaks or explosions. ✔ Store batteries in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and sources of heat. ✔ Dispose of batteries properly according to local regulations, and never incinerate them. **5. Drain Cleaners:** Drain cleaners often contain highly reactive chemicals like sodium hydroxide or sulfuric acid, which can cause burns if not handled properly. ✔ Use drain cleaners in a well-ventilated area and avoid inhaling fumes. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear when handling drain cleaners to prevent skin and eye irritation. ✔ Never mix drain cleaners with other chemicals, as this can produce hazardous reactions. **6. Oven Cleaners**: Oven cleaners may contain strong alkalis like sodium hydroxide, which can react with organic matter to dissolve grease and grime. ✔ Use oven cleaners according to the manufacturer\'s instructions and avoid prolonged skin contact. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear when handling oven cleaners to prevent skin and eye irritation. ✔ Ensure proper ventilation when using oven cleaners to avoid inhaling fumes. **7. Hydrogen Peroxide:** Hydrogen peroxide, commonly used as a disinfectant, can react with certain metals (like copper or iron) to produce oxygen gas. ✔ Handle hydrogen peroxide with care and avoid contact with metals to prevent the production of oxygen gas. ✔ Store hydrogen peroxide in a cool, dark place away from sources of heat and light. ✔ Do not mix hydrogen peroxide with other chemicals unless directed to do so by a qualified professional. **8. Matches and Lighters:** Matches and lighters contain reactive materials like phosphorus or flammable gases, which ignite when struck or activated. ✔ Store matches and lighters in a safe place out of children\'s reach and away from heat sources. ✔ Handle matches and lighters with care to prevent accidental ignition. ✔ Never leave matches or lighters unattended, and ensure they are fully extinguished after use. **9. Household Cleaners:** Many household cleaners contain reactive chemicals such as acids, bases, or oxidizing agents, which can be hazardous if mixed together or handled improperly. ✔ Read and follow the manufacturer\'s instructions for proper usage and storage of household cleaners. ✔ Avoid mixing different household cleaners together to prevent hazardous reactions. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear to avoid skin and eye irritation when handling household cleaners.