Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) Notes PDF

Springboard Academy Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492 ...

Springboard Academy Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) ikB~;Øe  izeq[k Hkw&vkd`frd izns'k ,oa mudh fo'ks"krk,¡A  tyok;q dh fo'ks"krk,¡A  izeq[k ufn;k¡ ,oa >hysaA  izkd`frd ouLifr ,oa e`nkA  izeq[k Qlysa & xsgw¡] eDdk] tkS] dikl] xUuk] ,oa cktjkA  izeq[k m|ksxA  izeq[k flapkbZ ifj;kstuk,¡ ,oa ty laj{k.k rduhdsaA  tula[;k & o`f)] ?kuRo] lk{kjrk] fyaxkuqikr ,oa izeq[k tutkfr;k¡A  [kfut & /kkfRod ,oa v/kkfRodA  ÅtkZ lalk/ku & ijEijkxr ,oa xSj&ijkEijkxrA  tSo fofo/krk ,oa budk laj{k.kA  i;ZVu LFky ,oa ifjiFk  ;wusLdks Hkw&ikdZ LFkyA  ty laj{k.k rduhd  i'kqikyu A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) vuqØef.kdk Ø- la- fooj.k i`"B la[;k 1. jktLFkku dh mRifÙk] fLFkfr ,oa foLrkj 1&12 2. HkkSfrd izns'k 13&37 3. tyok;q 38&55 4. viokg ra= ,oa ufn;k¡ 56&81 5. >hysa 82&96 6. flapkbZ ifj;kstuk 97&116 7. ty laj{k.k rduhdsa 117&121 8. feÍh 122&131 9. [kfut 132&153 10. ouLifr 154&168 11. tSo fofo/krk ,oa oU;tho laj{k.k 169&185 12. d`f"k 186&198 13. m|ksx 199&215 14. ÅtkZ lalk/ku 216&239 15. tula[;k 240&252 16. i;ZVu& ifjiFk ,oa LFky 253&260 17. ;wusLdks Hkw&ikdZ LFky 261&263 18. i'kqikyu 264&275 A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 1 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) jktLFkku dh mRifr  isfa t;k &vYÝsM oSxuj ds vuqlkj egk}hiksa ds la;qDr :i dks isfa t;k dgk tkrk gS] tks dkykUrj@orZeku esa nks Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr gSA isfa t;k mÙkjh Hkkx nf{k.kh Hkkx vaxkjkyS.M@ykWjsf'k;k xksM a okuk yS.M ¼Hkkjr@jktLFkku½ tSls & tSls &  mÙkjh vesfjdk  nf{k.kh vesfjdk  ;wjksi  vÝhdk  mÙkjh ,f'k;k  nf{k.kh ,f'k;k  vkWLVªsfy;k  iSaFkkyklk &  v.VkdZfVdk  ßvyÝsM oSxujÞ ds vuqlkj egklkxjksa ds la;qDr :i dks iSaFkkyklk dgk tkrk FkkA  iSaFkkyklk dk ewy egklkxj iz'kkUr egklkxj FkkA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 2 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  VsfFkl lkxj & ;g ,d Hkw lUufr Fkk] tks vaxkjkyS.M o xksaMokuk yS.M ds e/; fLFkr FkkA  uksV & fgeky; ioZrekyk] mÙkjh fo'kky eSnku rFkk Fkkj e#LFky dk fuekZ.k ßVsfFkl lkxjÞ ls gqvk gSA jktLFkku dk fuekZ.k & G.T G ¼xksM a okuk yS.M½ T¼ VsfFkl lkxj½ vjkoyh gkM+kSrh iBkj e#LFky iwohZ eSnku izkphure uohure  vjkoyh o gkM+kSrh Hkkjr ds Þizk;}hih; iBkjÞ dk fgLlk gS] tcfd e#LFky o iwohZ eSnku Hkkjr ds ÞmÙkjh fo'kky eSnkuÞ dk fgLlk gSA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 3 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) jktLFkku dh fLFkfr ,oa foLrkj jktLFkku dh fLFkfr v{kka'k ns'kkUrj mÙkjh xksyk)Z iwwohZ xksyk)Z 00 ¼Hkwe/; js[kk½ 00 ¼xzhufop js[kk½  uksV &  jktLFkku dh fLFkfr v{kka'k o ns'kkUrj ds vuqlkj & ^mÙkjh&iwohZ*A  jktLFkku dh fLFkfr Hkkjr ds vuqlkj &^mÙkj&if'pe*A  jktLFkku dh fLFkfr ,f'k;k egk}hi ds vuqlkj & ^nf{k.k&if'pe ,f'k;k*  jktLFkku dk v{kka'kh; foLrkj @fLFkfr & v{kka'k & 230 03' NL & 300 12' NL LFkku & cksjdq.M xkao dks.kk xkao ftyk & ckalokM+k Jhxaxkuxj fn'kk & nf{k.k mÙkj nwjh & 826 fd-eh- ¼mÙkj&nf{k.k½ A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 4 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  uksV &  7009' v{kka'kksa esa jktLFkku dk foLrkj gSA  23 1/2 å mÙkjh v{kka'k & ddZ js[kk (Tropic of Cancer line) ;k mÙkjh v;ukar tks jktLFkku ds ckalokM+k ,oa Mwaxjiqj ls xqtjrh gSA jktLFkku esa bldh dqy yEckbZ 26 fdyksehVj gSA  uksV & 21 twu  jktLFkku@mÙkjh xksyk)Z dk lcls cM+k fnu ,oa lcls NksVh jkrA  bl fnu lw;Z dh lh/kh fdj.ksa ckalokM+k ij iM+rh gSA  ddZ js[kk ds fudVre 'kgj & dq'kyx< +¼ckalokM+k½  ddZ laØkfr (Summer solstice)  2015 ls bls varjjk"Vªh; ;ksx fnol ds :i esa euk;k tkrk gSA  jktLFkku dk ns'kkUrjh; foLrkj & ns'kkUrj & 69◦ 30' EL & 78◦ 17' EL LFkku & dVjk xkao flykuk xkao ftyk & tSlyesj /kkSyiqj fn'kk & if'pe & iwoZ nwjh & 869 fd-eh ¼if'pe&iwoZ½ A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 5 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) uksV&  8o 47' ns'kkUrjksa esa jktLFkku dk foLrkj gSA  ns'kkUrj js[kkvksa dks frfFk js[kk o le; js[kk dgk tkrk gSA  jktLFkku ds if'pe ¼tSlyesj½ o iwoZ ¼/kkSyiqj½ ds e/; le;karjky & 35 Minutes, 8 Second.  e/; xkao & ykEiksykbZ ¼ukxkSj½ ysfdu lsVsykbV losZ ds vuqlkj jktLFkku dk e/;xkao & xxjkuk ¼ukxkSj½A 1º ns'kkUrj ¾ 4 Min. 1' ns'kkUrj ¾ 4 Sec.  jktLFkku dk foLrkj & a) {ks=Qy b) vkÑfr c) lhek a) {ks=Qy & jktLFkku dk {ks=Qy Km2 Mile 2 3, 42, 239 1, 32, 139  ns'k ds dqy {ks=Qy esa jktLFkku dk ;ksxnku & 10.41% (1 Nov. 1956)  {ks=Qy dh n`f"V ls jktLFkku dk LFkku & izFke (1 Nov. 2000) A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 6 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) jktLFkku esa {ks=Qy dh n`f"V ls cMs+ o NksVs ftysa ¼iqjkus vk¡dM+ksa ds vuqlkj½ cMs+ ftysa & JBBJ NksVs ftyas &DDDP 1- tSlyesj & 38401 Km2 1- /kkSyiqj & 3034Km2 2- chdkusj & 30239 Km2 2- nkSlk & 3432 Km2 3- ckM+esj & 28387 Km2 3- Mwx a jiqj & 3770 Km2 4- tks/kiqj & 22850 Km2 4- izrkixkfM+;ksa ds pkjksa vksj cuus okys ckyqdk Lrwi usc[kk dgykrs gSA  ;g ckyqdk Lrwi lokZf/kd & tSlyesj] chdkusj] ckM+esj] tks/kiqj ,oa QykSnhA 8- usVodZ ckyqdk Lrwi %& ,d&nwljs ls tqMs+ gq, ckyqdk Lrwiksa dks usVodZ ckyqdk Lrwi dgk tkrk gSA  ;g lokZf/kd %& tSlyesj] chdkusj] tks/kiqj ,oa QykSnhA (B) v)Z'kq"d e:LFky ;k ckaxM+ izns'k%&  'kq"d e:LFky o vjkoyh ds e/; dk HkkSfrd izn's k ;k 25 lseh- o"kkZ ls 50 lseh- o"kkZ ds okyk HkkSfrd izns'kA  v)Z 'kq"d e:LFky dks v/;;u dh n`f"V ls iqu% pkj Hkkxksa esa ckaVk tkrk gSA (a) ywuh csflu (b) ukxkSjh mPp Hkwfe (c) 'ks[kkokVh vUr% izokg (d) ?kX?kj csflu (a) ywuh csflu%&  bl csflu dks ^xksMokM+* csflu Hkh dgk tkrk gS] ftldk foLrkj tks/kiqj] tkyksj] fljksgh] ckM+esj] ikyh] ckyksrjk ,oa lkapkSjA  fo'ks"krk,¡ %&  bl {ks= esa yo.kh; ikni ik;s tkrs gS] tks eq[;r% ckM+esj esa feyrs gSaA  usgM+ nynyh {ks= tkyksj esa fLFkr gSA  dkyk Hkwjk Mwx a j%& bl csflu ds iwoZ esa ikyh esa fLFkr igkfM+;k¡A A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 19 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) (b) ukxkSjh mPp Hkwfe%& foLrkj %&ukxkSj] MhMokuk] dqpkeu o vkaf'kd :i ls vtesj esa fLFkr gSA fo'ks"krk,¡%&  bl {ks= esa yo.kh; >hysa lokZf/kd ik;h tkrh gSaA  dwcM+ iV~Vh @ckadk iV~Vh%& ukxkSj o vtesj ds eè; fLFkr vf/kd ¶yksjkbM okys {ks= dks dwcM+ iV~Vh@ckadk iV~Vh dgk tkrk gS] ftlds dkj.k ¶yksjksfll chekjh (Fluorosis Disease) gks tkrh gSA (c) 'ks[kkokVh vUr% izokg%&  bl {ks= dk foLrkj mÙkjh ukxkSj] >qa>qu]aw pq:] lhdj ,oa uhae dk Fkkuk esa gSa] ftlesa fuEufyf[kr fo'ks"krk,¡ ik;h tkrh gS%&  tksgM+%& 'ks[kkokVh esa ik;s tkus okys ikuh ds dPps dqvksa dks dgk tkrk gSaA  lj%& 'ks[kkokVh esa ekulwu ds nkSjku cuus okys rkykcksa dks dgk tkrk gSaA  chM+%& 'ks[kkokVh esa pkjkxkg Hkwfe;ksa dks dgk tkrk gS] tks eq[;r% >qa>quwa esa fLFkr gSA  rksjkokVh%& dkaryh unh ds viokg {ks= dks rksjkokVh dgk tkrk gS] ftldk foLrkj >qa>quwa] lhdj ,oa uhae dk Fkkuk esa gSA (d) ?kX?kj csflu%&  bldk foLrkj Jhxaxkuxj] vuqixjus] okWVj ÝaV vkfn½ 5. tSo fofo/krk laj{k.kA ¼eq[;r% vjkoyh {ks=½ 6. Hkw&ty Lrj esa lq/kkjA 7. eRL;ikyu ¼fclyiqj] tokbZ ck¡/k] egh ctkt lkxj] jk.kk izrki lkxj ck¡/k bR;kfnAs½s 8. ty fo|qr mRiknuA ¼pacy] ekgh] tk[ke ufn;ksa ijA½ 9. d`f"k mRikndrkA 10. lH;rkvksa dk fodklA¼unh ?kkfV;ksa dks lH;rkvksa dk ikyuk dgk tkrk gSA½ A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 82 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) jktLFkku dh >hysa  jktLFkku dh >hyksa ikuh dh ç—fr ds vk/kkj ij nks Hkkxksa esa ckaVk tkrk gS & >hysa (A) [kkjs ikuh dh >hysa (B) ehBs ikuh dh >hysa  dkj.k %& VsfFkl lkxj dk vo'ks"k  dkj.k%& o"kkZ ty@rkts ty ij fuHkZj  lokZf/kd %& MhMokuk&dqpkeu  lokZf/kd%& mn;iqj uksV%&  [kkjs ikuh dh >hyksa ds [kkjsiu dk eq[; dkj.k ^ekbdk f'k"V* pêkusa gS] tks bu >hyksa ds uhps ik;h tkrh gSA  jktLFkku esa lokZf/kd [kkjs ikuh dh >hys e#LFky {ks= esa ik;h tkrh gS D;kafs d blds uhps ekbZdk f'k"V pÍkusa ikbZ tkrh gSA (A) [kkjs ikuh dh >hysa & Ø-la- >hysa LFkku 1- lkaHkj t;iqj xzkeh.k 2- ipinjk ckyksrjk 3- MhMokuk MhMokuk&dqpkeu 4- Msxkuk ukxkSj 5- ukoka MhMokuk&dqpkeu 6- dqpkeu MhMokuk&dqpkeu 7- yw.kdj.klj chdkusj 8- rkyNkij pq: 9- jSoklk lhdj 10- dksNkSj lhdj 11- dkoksn tSlyesj 12- QykSnh QykSnh A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 83 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) 1- lkaHkj %&  ;g [kkjs ikuh dh >hy gS tks t;iqj esa fLFkr gSA  bl >hy ds fuekZrk oklqnos pkSgku ¼fctkSfy;k f'kykys[k ds vuqlkj½  lkaHkj jktLFkku dh lcls cM+h ,oa ns'k dh rhljh cM+h [kkjs ikuh dh >hy gSA ¼ns'k esa 1st fpYdk >hy & vksfM'kk] 2nd iqyhdV & vka/kzizns'k ,oa rfeyukMw½  lkaHkj vUr% LFkyh; Hkkx ij Hkkjr dh lcls cM+h [kkjs ikuh dh >hyA  lkaHkj ls ued mRiknu %& ued dk mRiknu ns'k dk yxHkx jktLFkku dk yxHkx 8-7 izfr'kr 80 & 90 izfr'kr  lkaHkj ls ued lkaHkj lkYV fyfeVsM ¼40%½ mRikfnr djrk gS tks fganqLrku lkYV fyfeVsM (60 %) ds v/khu gSA  lkaHkj >hy] jkelj lkbV ¼1990½ esa lwphc) gSA tgk¡ dqjtk ,oa jktgal i{kh dks laj{k.k feyrk gSA  gky gh esa lkaHkj >hy dqjtk if{k;ksa dh e`R;q ds dkj.k ppkZ esa jghA ftldk dkj.k ,fo;u cksVqfyt~e chekjh dks ekuk x;k gSA  lkaHkj >hy ls mRikfnr ued dks ÞD;kjÞ dgk tkrk gSA ued cukus dh pkSM+kbZ 3&12 fd-eh- lkaHkj >hy rduhd D;kj & D;kjh yEckbZ 36 fd-eh- A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 84 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) 2- ipinjk %&  ;g ckM+esj esa fLFkr ,d [kkjs ikuh dh >hy gSA  iapinjk ls loZJs"B fdLe dk ued mRikfnr gksrk gS] D;ksfa d blesa lksfM;e DyksjkbM dh ek=k 98 izfr'kr gksrh gSA  [kkjoky%& ;g iapinjk ls ued mRiUu djus okyh tkfr gSA  eksjyh >kM+h %& bldk mi;ksx iapinjk esa ued mRiknu ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA 3- MhMokuk %&  ;g ukxkSj esa fLFkr ,d [kkjs ikuh dh >hy gSA  bl >hy ls fuEu Js.kh dk ued mRikfnr gksrk gS] D;ksfa d bl >hy esa lksfM;e DyksjkbM ¼NACL½ ds LFkku ij lksfM;e lYQsV ¼Na2SO4½ ik;k tkrk gSA  bl >hy ds ikl ÞjktLFkku jkT; dsfedy oDlZÞ ¼1964½ LFkkfir dh xbZA  lksfM;e lYQsV dk mi;ksx %& dkap m|ksx] dkxt m|ksx vkSj peM+k m|ksx esa fd;k tkrk gSA (B) ehBs ikuh dh >hys%& jktLFkku es]a lokZf/kd >hysa mn;iqj esa fLFkr gS] blfy, mn;iqj dks ySd flVh dgk tkrk gSA 1- t;lean >hy%&  orZeku esa ;g lywEcj ftys esa fLFkr gSA ¼iwoZ esa mn;iqj½  ;g ,d ehBs ikuh dh >hy gS] tks mn;iqj esa Þxkserh unhÞ ij fLFkr gSA  bl >hy dk fuekZ.k egkjk.kk t;flag }kjk djok;k x;kA  fuekZ.k dky & 1685&1691 bZ- vjkoyh igkfM+;k¡ ';keiqjk ugj ¼fuokl & Hkhy&eh.kk tutkfr½ 7 Vkiw & Hkhy eh.kk tutkfr dk fuokl HkkV ugj ckck dk HkkxM+k I;kjh A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 85 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  fo'ks"krk,¡ %&  bls hy Hkh dgk tkrk gS] D;ksfa d ;g hy gSA  bl >hy esa 7 Vkiw fLFkr gS ftuesa cM+k Vkiw Þckck dk HkkxM+kÞ vkSj lcls NksVk Vkiw ÞI;kjhÞ gSA  bu Vkiqvksa ij fuokl djus okyh tutkfr Hkhy & eh.kk gSaA  bl >hy ls flapkbZ ds fy, nks ugjsa fudkyh x;h gS & ';keiqjk ugj] HkkV ugj  bl >hy ds fdukjs egkjk.kk t;flag }kjk fufeZr ÞueZns'oj egknsoÞ eafnj fLFkr gSA  bl >hy ds fdukjsa 6 gkfFk;ksa dh izfrek,a cukbZ xbZ gSA 2- fiNksyk >hy %&  fuekZ.kdky%& 1388 bZ-  ;g mn;iqj esa fLFkr ,d ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA  jk.kk yk[kk ds 'kklu esa] catkjs us cSy dh Le`fr esa bl >hy dk fuekZ.k djok;k FkkA  unh %& lhlkjek] cq>M+k vjkoyh ioZrekyk lhlkjek cq>M+k Qrsglkxj ;k M~;wdvkWQ dukWV MSe ;k nsokyh rkykc vjkoyh Lo:i jk.kkyk[kk lkxj VsyhLdksi txeafnj txfuokl fuekZrk &txrflag & I fuekZrk &txrflag & II lkSj os/k'kkyk uVuh dk flVh iSyl s & mn;iqj opqZvy fQ'k ,Dosfj;e pcwrjk A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 86 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) fo'ks"krk,¡ %&  bl >hy ds ikl] uVuh dk pcwrjk fLFkr gS ftldk fuekZ.k jk.kk yk[kk us djok;k FkkA  bl >hy esa tx eafnj vkSj tx fuokl fLFkr gSA  foæksgdky ds nkSjku 'kkgtgk¡ us tx eafnj esa 'kj.k yh FkhA  bl >hy dk vfrfjä ty Qrsg lkxj esa forfjr fd;k tkrk gSA  uksV%& Lo:i lkxj %& ;g Qrsglkxj vkSj fiNksyk >hy dks tksM+us okyk pSuy@fyad gSA 3- Qrsg lkxj  vU; uke & nsokyh rkykc@M~;wd vkWQ dukSV Mse  fLFkfr %& mn;iqj  fuekZrk %& egkjk.kk t;flag ¼iqufuZekZrk & egkjk.kk Qrsgflag½  fuekZ.k dky %& 1688 bZ- ¼iqufuZekZ.k dky & 1888 AD½  fxjus okyh ufn;k¡ %& lhlkjek] cq>M+k  fo'ks"krk,¡ %&  usg: m|ku bl >hy ds e/; fLFkr gSA  bl >hy ds fdukjs VsfyLdksi vkSj lkSj os/k'kkyk fLFkr gSA  bl >hy ds ikl opqZvy fQ'k ,Dosfj;e LFkkfir fd;k x;k gSA  fiNksyk o Qrsglkxj >hy Þjk"Vªh; >hy laj{k.k ifj;kstukÞ esa 'kkfey gSaA 4- jax lkxj  vU; uke %& vejdwaV  mn;iqj esa fLFkr ehBs ikuh dh >hyA  ;g >hy fiNksyk o Lo:i lkxj ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA 5- mn;lkxj >hy  fuekZrk %& egkjk.kk mn;flag A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 87 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  ;g mn;iqj esa vk;M+@csM+p unh ij fLFkr ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA  bl >hy dk fuekZ.k egkjk.kk mn; flag us djok;k FkkA  fuekZ.k dky%& 1559&1564 bZ-  uksV%& mn;lkxj >hy esa fxjus ds ckn vk;M+ unh dks csM+p unh dgk tkrk gSA 6- nq/k rykbZ >hy%& mn;iqj esa fLFkr ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA  uksV%& nw/k ckoM+h fljksgh esa fLFkr gSA 7- cM+h >hy@tkuk lkxj%&  fuekZrk %& egkjk.kk jktflag  ;g mn;iqj esa fLFkr ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA 8- jktlean >hy%&  fLFkfr %& dkadjkSyh ¼jktlean½  bl >hy dk fuekZ.k egkjk.kk jkt flag us djok;k FkkA  fuekZ.k dky %& 1662&1676 bZ- esa gqvkA  fxjus okyh ufn;k¡ & xkserh] rkyh] dsyokA vjkoyh igkM+h lw;Z ?kM+h 25 f'kykys[k jkt iz'kfLr ys[kd & j.kNksM+ HkV~V rsyx a ukS & pkSdh iky Hkk"kk&laLÑr }kfjdk/kh'k eafnj ?ksoj ekrk eafnj A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 88 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  fo'ks"krk,¡ %&  ukS pkSdh iky %& jktlean >hy ds mÙkjh Hkkx dks ukSpksdh iky dgk tkrk gSA  ;g vdky jkgr ds fy, cukbZ xbZ ns'k dh izFke >hy gSA  bl >hy ds ikl fLFkr /kkfeZd LFky& ¼1½ }kfjdk/kh'k eafnj] ¼2½ ?ksoj ekrk eafnj  bl >hy ds fdukjs lw;Z ?kM+h ds vo'ks"k izkIr gq;s gSA  bl >hy ds fuekZ.k esa lokZf/kd yksxksa ¼yxHkx 60]000½ dk ;ksxnku jgk gSA 9- uUnlean >hy %& ;g jktlean esa fLFkr ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA 10- uDdh >hy %& ;g fljksgh esa fLFkr ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA lw;kZLr fcUnq uDdh >hy xgjkbZ 35 eh- Å¡pkbZ & 1200 eh-  ;g ØsVj@d‚YMsjk >hy ¼Tokykeq[kh >hy½ gSA  yksd dgkorksa ds vuqlkj] bl >hy dk fuekZ.k uk[kwuksa ls fd;k x;k gSA  ;g jktLFkku dh lcls Å¡ph o lcls xgjh >hy gSA  xjkfl;k tutkfr }kjk bl >hy esa vfLFk;ksa dk foltZu fd;k tkrk gSA  jktLFkku dh ,dek= >hy tks fgy LVs'ku ¼ekmaV vkcw½ ij fLFkr gSA  jktLFkku dh ,dek= >hy tks 'khr _rq esa terh gSA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 89 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  bl >hy ds fdukjs V‚M j‚d] uu jkWd] uanh jkWd ,oa gkWuZ jkWd tSlh izeq[k pêkusa ikbZ tkrh gSA 11- vuklkxj >hy %&  ;g vtesj esa fLFkr ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA  bl >hy dk fuekZ.k v.kksZjkt pkSgku }kjk djok;k x;kA  bl >hy dk fuekZ.k dky & 1136 & 1137 bZ-  unh & ckaMh ckaMh vjkoyh vkuk lkxj 5 ckjgnjh fuekZrk& 'kkgtgk¡ nkSyr ckx ^^tgk¡xhj ;k ** lqHkk"k m|ku 12- Q‚; lkxj & vtesj  fuekZrk & bathfu;j Q‚;  fuekZ.k dky & 1891 & 1892 bZloha  ;g ckaMh unh ij fLFkr gSA  ;g jktLFkku dh nwljh vdky jkgr ¼izFke & jktlean½ >hy gSA 13- iq"dj >hy%& ;g ,d ØsVj ¼Tokykeq[kh >hy½ gSaA  miuke%& ikapok rhFkaZ@rhFkksZ dk ekek@rhFkZjkt@dksd a.k rhFkZ@v)Z paækdj >hy@ckou ?kkV >hyA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 90 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  fo'ks"s krk,¡%&  iq"dj jktLFkku dh lcls cM+h ehBs ikuh dh izkÑfrd >hy gSA  iq"dj jktLFkku dh lcls ifo= >hy gSA  iq"dj >hy ds fdukjs dkfrZd iwf.kZek ij esys dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gS] ftls ÞjktLFkku dk jaxhyk esykÞ dgk tkrk gSA  bl >hy esa dkfrZd iwf.kZek ds fnu nhid tyrs gSaA  jktLFkku dh eq[; ifo= >hy tgka çeq[k O;fä;ksa egkRek xka/kh] ckyk lkgsc Bkdjs vkSj vVy fcgkjh oktis;h ,oa fdjksM+h flag uslyk dh vfLFk;ksa dk foltZu fd;k x;kA iq"dj >hy %& A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 91 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) 14- dk;ykuk >hy @ lj izrki lkxj %&  ;g tks/kiqj flVh esa fLFkr ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA  fuekZrk %& lj izrki flag  fuekZ.kdky %& 1872 bZ-  fo'ks"krk,¡ %&  bafnjk xka/kh ugj ifj;kstuk ls bl >hy esa ikuh forfjr fd;k tkrk gSA  jktLFkku jkT; dh ,dek= >hy tks IGNP ½ ugj ¼bafnjk xka/kh ugj ifj;kstuk½ ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA  tks/kiqj ds fy, tykiwfrZ dh tkrh gSA  lSU; izf'k{k.k gsrq LFkyA gfjdS cSjkt IGNP jktho xka/kh fy¶V dk;ykuk >hy A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 92 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) 15- dksyk;r >hy%&  ;g chdkusj esa ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA ftlds fuekZrk dfiy eqfu dks ekuk tkrk gSA fo'ks"krk%&  dkfrZd iwf.kZek dks bl >hy ds fdukjs esys dk vk;kstu gksrk gSA  iq"dj >hy dh rjg bl >hy esa nhinku fd;k tkrk gSA  pkj.k tkfr bl >hy ds n'kZu ugha djrh gSA  dksyk;r >hy dks e# m|ku@u[kfyLrku Hkh dgk tkrk gSA 16- xtusj >hy%&  ;g chdkusj esa ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA bls Þikuh dk 'kq) niZ.kÞ dgk tkrk gSA 17- flyhls< >hy%& RTDC igkM+h  vyoj esa fLFkr ehBs ikuh dh >hy gSA  ;g >hy ÞxksYMu Vªk;axyÞ ¼t;iqj] fnYyh] vkxjk½ ij fLFkr gSA  bls jktLFkku dk Þuanu dkuuÞ Hkh dgk tkrk gSA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 93 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) 18- ekulkxj >hy  fLFkfr %& t;iqj flVh  fuekZrk %& egkjktk lokbZ ekuflag  fuekZ.kdky %& 1610 bZ-  unh %& nzO;orh@vekuh'kkg dk ukyk fo'ks"krk,¡ %&  ekulkxj >hy esa tyegy fLFkr gSaA  ekulkxj >hy jktLFkku dh lcls iznwf"kr >hy gSA  nzO;orh unh@vekuh'kkg dk ukyk ekulkxj >hy ls mn~xfer gksrh gSA  blds fdukjs t;iqj flVh fLFkr gSA 19- ekoBk >hy  ;g ,d izkd`frd >hy gS rFkk o"kkZ ty ij vk/kkfjr gSA  ;g t;iqj flVh esa vkesj iSysl ds fudV fLFkr gSa  bl >hy esa dslj D;kjh fLFkr gSA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 94 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  vU; ehBs ikuh dh >hysa %& 1. vkuan lkxj >hy & ckalokM+k 2. nsyko lkxj & ckalokM+k 3. ,MoMZ@xSc lkxj & Mwxa jiqj 4. ekuljksoj >hy ¼dkMyk >hy½ & >kykokM+ 5. ekuljksoj >hy & lokbZ ek/kksiqj 6. jkelkxj >hy & /kkSyiqj 7. uoy[kk >hy & cwanh 8. ca/k ckjsBk & Hkjriqj 9. ryokM+k >hy & guqekuxhy & t;iqj flVh 11. ekulkxj ¼jktLFkku esa lokZf/kd iznfw "kr½ & t;iqj flVh 12. cq> lkxj & tSlyesj 13. vej lkxj & tSlyesj 14. xM+hlj >hy & tSlyesj 15. dud lkxj ¼nqxkjh cka/k½ & cwanh 16. ckylean & tks/kiqj flVh 17. uanlean & jktlean 18. cqïk tksgM+ & Jhxaxkuxj 19. jkexhy & ikyh 21. t;lean >hy & vyoj uksV%& jkexhy gSA ftls ftvks gSfjVst esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA bls vFkZ bEiSDV MkVk csl lkslk;Vh vkWQ dukMk }kjk fo'o ds 200oha ØsVj >hy dh ekU;rk iznku dh gSA jktLFkku ds çfl) dq,¡ %&  panu Vîwcosy ¼Fkkj dk ?kM+k½ & tSlyesj  ckVkMw dqvk¡ ¼jsfxLrku dk ty egy½ & ck;rq ¼ckyksrjk½ A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 95 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  çfl) rkykc %&  iUukyky 'kkg rkykc & [ksrM+h ¼uhe dk Fkkuk½  ljsjh rkykc & HkhyokM+k  [kkjh rkykc & HkhyokM+k  uoy[kk rkykc & ckjka  lq[k rkykc & j.kFkEHkkSj ¼lokbZekèkksiqj½  dkyk rkykc & j.kFkEHkkSj ¼lokbZekèkksiqj½  taxyh rkykc & j.kFkEHkkSj ¼lokbZekèkksiqj½  epdq.M ¼rhFkksZ dk Hkkatk½ & èkkSyiqj  lsBkuh dk tksgM+k & pw:  'kqØ rkykc & ukxkSj  tSrlkxj rkykc & cw¡nh  jktLFkku dh ckofM+;k¡ %& jktLFkku esa lokZf/kd ckofM+;k¡ cw¡nh esa ikbZ tkrh gSA bl dkj.k cw¡nh dks ckofM+;ksa dk 'kgj dgk tkrk gSA vukjdyh ckoM+h] jkuh th dh ckoM+h] xqykc ckoM+h ¾ cw¡nh gkM+h jkuh th dh ckoM+h] VksMk jk;flag ¼dsdM+h½ ¾ Vksd a iUuk&ehuk dh ckoM+h] vkesj ¼t;iqj xzkeh.k½ ¾ t;iqj NksVh o cM+h ckoM+h] pkan ckoM+h] vkHkkusjh ¼jktLFkku dh lcls ¾ nkSlk xgjh ckoM+h 120 QhV½ ykfguh ckoM+h ¼jktLFkku dh çkphure ckoM+h½ ,oa nw/k ckoM+h ¾ fljksgh uoy[kk ckoM+h ¾ Mwx a jiqj f=eq[kh ckoM+h ¾ mn;iqj Hkwr ckoM+h ¾ tks/kiqj xzkeh.k ukS eaftyk ckoM+h ¾ dksViwryh&cgjksM+ A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 96 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  jk"Vªh; >hy laj{k.k ;kstuk &  1 vçSy] 2016 dks dsaæ ljdkj }kjk 'kq: dh xbZA  lg;ksx & dsaæ ¼60 izfr'kr½ % jkT; ¼40 izfr'kr½  bl dk;ZØe esa jktLFkku dh 6 >hysa lfEefyr gS%&fiNksyk] Qrsglkxj] vkuklkxj] iq"dj ,oa uDdh >hy dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA ¼ekulkxj >hy orZeku esa 'kkfey ugha gSA½  >hyksa dk egRo & 1. ued mRiknu ¼lkaHkj] ipinjk] MhMokukA½ 2. ty laj{k.kA 3. is;ty vkiwfrZA ¼fiNkSyk] vkuklkxjA½ 4. flapkbZ A 5. eRL; ikyuA 6. Hkw&ty laj{k.kA 7. /kkfeZd egRoA ¼iq"dj] dksyk;r] uDdhA½ 8. tSo fofo/krkA ¼t;lean½ 9. i;ZVuA ¼uDdh] ekulkxj] iq"dj½ A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 97 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) flapkbZ ifj;kstuk A. flapkbZ ds lk/ku@ ek/;e B. flapkbZ ifj;kstukvksa dk oxhZdj.k C. vU; izeq[k ifj;kstuk,¡ A. flapkbZ ds lk/ku@ ek/;e dq,¡ uydwi ugj rkykc vU; ;ksxnku 24% 42% 30% 1% 3% lokZf/kd t;iqj t;iqj xaxkuxj HkhyokM+k & B. flafpr {ks= ds vk/kkj ij flapkbZ ifj;kstukvksa dk oxhZdj.k y?kq flapkbZ eè;e flapkbZ o`gr flapkbZ flafpr {ks= & 0-2000 ifj;kstuk 10000 gsDVs;j gsDVs;j 2000-10000 ls vf/kd gsDVs;j uksV%& ¼1½ flapkbZ esa lokZf/kd ;ksxnku y?kq flapkbZ ifj;kstuk dk gksrk gSA ¼2½ cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk%&  os ifj;kstuk,¡ ftuds mn~ns'; nks ;k nks ls vf/kd gksrs gSa mUgsa cgqmn~ns'kh; ifj;kstuk dgk¡ tkrk gSA mnkgj.k%& flapkbZ] is;ty ,oa ty fo|qr ifj;kstuk bR;kfnA  if.Mr tokgj yky usg: us cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstukvksa dks Þvk/kqfud Hkkjr ds eafnjÞ dgkA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 98 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) izFke cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk fo'o Hkkjr jktLFkku Vsuslh& USA (1933) nkeksnj (1948) xaxugj (1950 ds ckn) cgqmn~ns'kh; ifj;kstuk unh ?kkVh ugj cgqmn~ns'kh; ifj;kstuk cgqmn~ns'kh; ifj;kstuk A. unh ?kkVh cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk %& ¼1½ pacy cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk ¼2½ ekgh cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk ¼3½ Hkk[kM+k&ukaxy cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk ¼lryt unh½ ¼4½ O;kl cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk ¼5½ js.kqdkth cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk ¼fxjh unh&fgekpy izns'k½ ¼6½ y[kokj cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk ¼;equk unh & mÙkjk[kaM½ ¼1½ pacy cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk %&  lg;ksx& ;g jktLFkku ,oa e/;izns'k ds leku lg;ksx }kjk lapkfyr gSA ¼50%50½  bl ifj;kstuk esa rhu pj.kksa esa pkj cka/kksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;kA rhu pj.k izFke pj.k f}rh; pj.k r`rh; pj.k 1- xka/kh lkxj] 3- jk.kk izrki lkxj 4- tokgj lkxj 2- dksVk cSjkt vFkok dksVk MSe A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 99 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) izFke pj.k %& 1- xka/kh lkxj MSe %&  fLFkfr & eanlkSj ¼e-ç½  pacy cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk esa lcls Åapk ,ao cM+k cka/kA  ty fo|qr mRiknu {kerk & 23 MW x 5 Unit = 115 MW 2- dksVk cSjkt %&  fLFkfr & dksVk  ;g pacy cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk dk flapkbZ cka/k gSA  flapkbZ ds fy, bl ck¡/k ls nks ugjsa fudkyh x;h gSaA nks ugjs ck;ha ugj nka;h ugj forj.k& dksVk] cwanh forj.k& dksVk] ckjka vkSj e-iz- uksV%& nka;h ugj %& pacy dh nka, ugj ls 14 ugjsa fudkyh x;h gSaA ftlesa 8 jktLFkku esa ,oa 'ks"k 6 e/;çns'k esa gSaA jktLFkku dh 8 ugjksa ds uke Ø-la- fy¶V & LFkku 1- nh & nhxksn fy¶V & dksVk 2- i & ipsy fy¶V & ckjka 3- d & dpkjh fy¶V & ckjka 4- x.ks'k & x.ks'kxat fy¶V & ckjka 5- vk & vark fy¶V Ldhe & ckjka 6- vk & vark ekbuj fy¶V & ckjka 7- lks & lksj[kaM fy¶V & ckjka 8- tk & tkyhiqj fy¶V & dksVk A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 100 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) f}rh; pj.k%& 1- jk.kk izrki lkxj %&  fLFkfr & fpÙkkSM+xhy fLFkr gSA ¼c½ ukaxy cka/k %&  fLFkfr & jksiM+ ¼iatkc½  bl cka/k ls nks ugjs fudkyh x;h gSA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 103 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) nks ugjs fcLr ugj ¼nka;h ugj½ Hkka[kMk ugj jktLFkku esa ¼cka;h ugj½ ty forfjr fo'ks"krk%&  Hkk[kM+k&ukaxy cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk ls jktLFkku esa guqekuxkSrk ¼1985½ vkSj bjkM+h vk;ksx ¼1986½ nksuksa O;kl ifj;kstuk ls lacaf/kr gSaA ¼5½ js.kqdkth cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk ¼fuekZ.kk/khu½ %&  fLFkfr %& fljekSj ¼fgekpy izns'k½  lg;ksx & fgekpy çns'k] gfj;k.kk] mÙkjk[kaM] mÙkj çns'k] fnYyh ,oa jktLFkku  forh; lg;ksx & dsæa % jkT; ¼90 % 10½  ;g ,d flapkbZ ,oa is;ty ifj;kstuk gS] tks fxjh unh ij fuekZ.kk/khu gSA ¼6½ y[kokj cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk ¼fuekZ.kk/khu½ %&  fLFkfr & nsgjknwu ¼mÙkjk[k.M½  lg;ksx & fgekpy çns'k] gfj;k.kk] mÙkjk[kaM] fnYyh] mÙkj çns'k] jktLFkku  forh; lg;ksx & dsæa % jkT; ¼90 % 10½  unh & ;equk  bl ifj;kstuk dh laHkkfor ty fo|qr mRiknu {kerk & 330 esxkokV  mnsn'; & bl ifj;kstuk ls is;ty ,oa flapkbZ ds fy, tykiwfrZ dh tk;sxhA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 105 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) B. ugj cgqmís'kh; ifj;kstuk %& ¼1½ bafnjk xka/kh ugj ifj;kstuk@jktLFkku ugj ¼2½ xaxk ugj ¼3½ jktho xka/kh fl)eq[k ugj@uksgj ugj ¼4½ ueZnk ugj ¼5½ xqMxk¡o ugj@;equk fy¶V ugj ¼6½ Hkjriqj ugj ¼7½ iwohZ jktLFkku ugj ifj;kstuk ¼1½ bafnjk xka/kh ugj ifj;kstuk@jktLFkku ugj %&  uke ifjorZu %& 2 uoEcj] 1984  mn~?kkVu & xksfoan oYyHk iar }kjk ¼mn~?kkVu& 31 ekpZ 1958½  xksfoan oYyHk iar us jktLFkku ugj dks Þe: xaxkÞ dgkA  fuekZrk & bathfu;j daoj lsu  unh & lryt ,oa O;kl ¼gfjds cSjkt½  vkfFkZd lg;ksx%& fo'o cSad  IGNP dk fuekZ.k nks pj.kksa esa gqvk gSa & nks pj.k 649 fd-eh- I pj.k II pj.k 393 fd-eh- 256 fd-eh- QhMj ugj eq[; ugj ¼189 fd-eh-½ eksguxkykokM+ 4- dkyh fla/k >kykokM+ 5- pksyh@pojh >kykokM+ 6- Nkih >kykokM+ 7- jsok >kykokM+ 8- jktxkykokM+ 9- cSaFkyh ckjka 10- fcykl ckjka 11- ijou ckjka 12- Ygklh ckjka 13- gfFk;knsg ckjka 14- gfj'paæ lkxj dksVk 15- xksikyiqjk dksVk 16- rdyh dksVk 17- lko.k & Hkknks dksVk 18- vkyfu;k dksVk 19- xqhyfeyh nkSlk 30- chlyiqj dsdM+h ¼iwoZ esas Vksd a ½ 31- VksjMh lkxj Vksd a 32- bZljnk lokbZ ek/kksiqj 33- ihiynk lokbZ ek/kksiqj 34- bafnjk xka/kh fy¶V ifj;kstuk ¼pEcy½ lokbZ ek/kksiqj] djkSyh 35- /kkSyiqj fy¶V ifj;kstuk ¼pEcy½ /kkSyiqj 36- ikoZrh ifj;kstuk /kkSyiqj 37- ukjk;.k lkxj vtesj 38- ckaMh & lsanM+k tkyksj 39- ckadyh ck¡/k tkyksj 40- lqdyh & lsyokM+k fljksgh 41- cÙkhlk ukyk fljksgh 42- lkse dkxnj mn;iqj 43- lkse deyk vEck Mwx a jiqj 44- Hkh[kkHkkbZ lkxokM+k ifj;kstuk ¼ekgh½ Mwx a jiqj 45- dMkuk cSad o‚Vj ifj;kstuk Mwx a jiqj 46- vUukl ifj;kstuk ckalokM+k 47- vksjbZ ifj;kstuk fpÙkkSM+xkykokM+ 56- fcykl dksVk] ckjka 57- dkykrhj ifj;kstuk /kkSyiqj A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 117 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) ty laj{k.k A. ty laj{k.k B. ty laj{k.k dh rduhd C. vU; egRoiw.kZ fcUnq A. ty laj{k.k %& O;FkZ cgrs gq, ikuh dks jksdus o mi;ksx esa fy, tkus okys ikuh dk lhfer mi;ksx djuk ty izca/ku dgykrk gSA ty izca/ku dh rduhd I. ijEijkxr rduhd II. vk/kqfud rduhd 1- ukM+h 2- Vksck 3- ckoM+h 4- >kyjk 5- [kM+hu 6- csjh@dqbZ 1- cka/k 7- Vkadk@dqaM 8- tksgM+ 9- rkykc 10- >hy 2- cw¡n&cw¡n ,oa QOokjk rduhd I. ijEijkxr rduhd & 1- ukM+h %&  ,d rjg dk iks[kj@rkykc gksrk gSA ftlesa o"kkZ ty dks laxzfgr fd;k tkrk gSA  ;g ty laj{k.k rduhd if’peh jktLFkku esa izpfyr gSA  1520 esa jktLFkku dh izFke ukM+h dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;kA 2- Vksck %&  ;g ukM+h ls xgjs ty laxzg.k ds Lkzksr gksrs gSa ftlesa o"kkZ ty dk laxzfgr fd;k tkrk gSA  buesa laxzfgr ty dk mi;ksx& is;ty ,oa lhfer flapkbZ ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA 3- ckoM+h (Stepwells) %&  ckoM+h xksykdkj ,oa dykRed lhhy dgk tkrk gSA  jktLFkku esa lokZf/kd >hysa mn;iqj ¼ysd flVh½ esa gSA  uksV%& jk"Vªh; >hy laj{k.k ifj;kstuk & bldh 'kq:vkr & 1 vizSy 2016 esa gqbZA  blesa jktLFkku dh 5 >hysa ¼fiNksyk] Qrsg lkxj] uDdh] iq"dj] vkuklkxj½ 'kkfey gS  ctV & dsUnz % jkT; ¼60 % 40½  vk/kqfud fof/k;k¡ %& 1- MSe@cka/k ifj;kstuk %&  cgrs gq, O;FkZ ikuh dks jksddj fofHkUu mís’; ¼flapkbZ] is;ty] ty fo|qr½ dks iwjk djus ds fy, MSe dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gSaA 2- QOokjk ,oa cwan cwna flapkbZ rduhd &  jktLFkku esa ueZnk ugj {ks= esas bl rduhd dks vfuok;Z :i ls ykxw fd;k x;k gSA  bl ty laj{k.k rduhd dks btjkby ls xzg.k fd;k x;k gSA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 120 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  vU; egRoiw.kZ fcUnq %& (A) izeq[k ;kstuk,a 1- Loty /kkjk ifj;kstuk  'kq:vkr & 2002  ;g ifj;kstuk dsUnz ljdkj }kjk xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa is;ty vkiwfrZ ds fy, 'kq: dh xbZA 2- ty LokoyEcu ifj;kstuk  'kq:vkr & 27 tuojh 2016 dks xnZu[ksM+h ¼>kykokM+½ ls dh xbZ gSA  mís’; & xzkeh.k {ks=kas esa rkykc ,oa dq,a ds ty Lrj esa lq/kkj] pkjkxkgksa dk foLrkj] d`f"k mRiknu dks cqa>quw ,oa uhe dk FkkukA uksV %& bl feêh esa eq[;r% Q‚LQsV dh vfèkdrk ikbZ tkrh gSA 3- yo.kh; feêh %&  miuke & jsg@dYyj@[kkj@Ålj  fuekZ.k & vf/kd flapkbZ okys {ks= esa Hkwfe ls yo.kh;rk dsf'kdRo izfØ;k }kjk Åij dh vksj vk tkrh gS ftlls lQsn ijr dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA bls Þyo.kh; feV~VhÞ dgk tkrk gSA  foLrkj & IGNP {ks= & chdkusj] Jhxaxkuxj] guqekuxqa>quwa & dksYgu] uhe dk Fkkuk] pkanekjh] enku dqnkuA 2- uhe dk Fkkuk & [ksrM+h] cUuksa dh qa>qu½w  vyoj & [ksM+k eqafM;kokl]  nkSlk & qauw½  pkanekjh d‚ij çkstsDV & >qa>qauw  [kks&njhck d‚ij çkstsDV %& vyoj A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 153 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) 4- isVªksfy;e fjQkbujh%&  LFkku %& ipinjk] ckyksrjk ¼iwoZ esa ckM+esj½  ctV %& 72]937 djksM+ ¼2024 es½a  lg;ksx %& HPCL % jkT; (74% : 26%)  {kerk %& 9 MMTPA (Million Metric Tonne Per Annum)  fo'ks"krk,¡%& i- ;g jktLFkku dh igyh vkSj ns'k dh 26oha fjQkbujhA ii- bl fjQkbujh dk ekud BS (Bharat Stage) - VI gksxkA iii- fjQkbujh ds lkFk isVªks&dsfedy d‚EIysDl dh LFkkiuk dh tk,xhA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 154 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) ouLifr A) ou uhfr;k¡ B) ou x.kuk C) ouksa dk oxhZdj.k D) izeq[k ou lEink E) izeq[k ?kkl F) okfudh dk;ZØe G) ou o i;kZoj.k laca/kh iqjLdkj H) izeq[k vf/kfu;e ,oa izeq[k fnol (A) ou uhfr;k¡ %&  jk"Vªh; Lrj ij%&  1894 & igyh ou uhfr  1952 & Lora= Hkkjr dh igyh ou uhfr  1988 & uohure ouuhfr uohure ouuhfr ds vuqlkj oukas dk y{; HkkSxksfyd {ks= ioZr eSnku 33 izfr'kr 60 izfr'kr 20 izfr'kr  jkT; Lrj ij &  jktLFkku jkT; dh ou uhfr & izFke 18 Qjojh] 2010 f}rh; 5 twu] 2023  jkT; ouuhfr 2023 ds vuqlkj dqy HkkSxksfyd {ks=Qy ds 20 izfr'kr Hkkx ij ou gksus pkfg,A  jkT; dh bZdks VwfjTe i‚fylh & 2020 ¼izFke&4 Qjojh] 2010½  jktLFkku ou {ks= dh n`f"V ls 15osa LFkku ij gSA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 155 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  jkT; ds HkkSxksfyd {ks=Qy ds 9-59 izfr'kr Hkw&Hkkx ij ou {ks= gSA ;k vfHkysf[kr gSA (B) ou x.kuk &  dk;Z & ou losZ{k.k ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkku & nsgjknwu ¼mÙkjk[k.M½  le; & çfr nks o"kZ esa ,d ckj dh tkrh gSA  uohure ou x.kuk & 17oha ¼2021½ [izFke 1987 esa]  ISFR (Indian State Forest Report) - 17th ds vuqlkj jktLFkku esa dqy ou {ks= & izfr'kr {ks=Qy 7.43 25,388 oxZ fdyksehVj % oukPNkfnr o`{kkPNkfnr (Forest Covered) (Tree Covered) 4.87% 16,655 Km2 2.56% 8,733 Km2  16oha ou fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj jkT; esa lokZf/kd ou foLrkj & lokZf/kd ou {ks=Qy ds vuqlkj izfr'kr vuqlkj 1- mn;iqj & 2753 KM2 1- mn;iqj & 23.49% 2- vyoj & 1196 KM2 2- izrkixkykokM+½  oU;tho & mnfcyko] lq[kkZc] xkxjksuh rksrk] exjePN  ouLifr & m".k 'kq"d lkxoku ou 2- ikfjfLFkfrdh@tSo fofo/krk&pqukSfr;k¡ %& jktLFkku jkT; ds {ks=Qy dh rqyuk esa ;gk¡ tSo fofo/krk de ikbZ tkrh gSA A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 185 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre)  eq[; dkj.k %& I. ekuoh; dkj.k %& 1- ouksa dk vR;f/kd nksgu 2- ekuo o oU;thoksa ds chp cqa>quw] vkaf'kd pq:] MhMokuk&dqpkeu] uhe dk FkkukA 5- II B & ywuh vUrorÊ eSnku foLrkj & ikyh] tkykSj] fljksgh] lkapkSj 6- III A & v)Z'kq"d iwoÊ eSnku foLrkj & t;iqj] nkSlk] vtesj] Vksd a ] dsdM+h] dksViwryh&cgjksM+ 7- III B & ckwfeax d`f"k & isM+ksa dks dkVdj ,oa tykdj dh tkus okyh d`f"k dks LFkkukarfjr@>wfeax d`f"k dgk tkrk gSA vU; uke & drZu&ngu d`f"kA uksV %&  jktLFkku esa LFkkukarfjr d`f"k dks ^okyjk* dgk tkrk gSA  jktLFkku esa ;g d`f"k %&  vjkoyh {ks= esa & fpekrk  eSnku esa & nft;k  jktLFkku eas LFkkukUrfjr d`f"k eq[;r% ckalokM+k] Mwx a jiqj ,oa mn;iqj esa dh tkrh gSA ftls vkfnokfl;ksa dh d`f"k ,oa i;kZoj.k dh nq'eu Hkh dgk tkrk gSA  Hkkjr & ukxkySaM] vle  Ñf"k Qlyksa dk oxhZdj.k & A. ekSle ds vk/kkj ij B. mi;ksx ds vk/kkj ij A. ekSle ds vk/kkj ij 1- [kjhQ@L;kyw & (i) le; & twu & tqykbZ ¼cqokbZ½ ls flrEcj & vDVwcj ¼dVkbZ½ (Short Day Plant) (ii) Qly & vukt nkysa frygu udnh cktjk eawx ewaxQyh dikl ¼lQsn lksuk½ eDdk eksB lks;kchu xUuk pkoy vjgj fry Xokj jkxh poyk vj.Mh twV¼lqugjk lksuk½ Tokj mnM+ lw;Zeq[kh A-1 Keshav Vihar, Riddhi-Siddhi Chouraha, Gopalpura Bypass, SBA Jaipur- 302018 Mob.: 0141-3555948, 9636977490, 8955577492  Springboard Academy 190 Rajasthan Geography (RAS Pre) 2- jch@mukyw & (i) le; & vDVwcj & uoEcj ls ekpZ & vizSy (Long Day Plant) (ii) Qly & xsgw¡] tkS] puk] elwj] eVj] esFkh] ljlks]a rkjkehjk] bZlcxksy] thjk] jkbZ] lkSaQ] /kfu;k] I;kt] yglqu] vnjd] gYnh] fepZ] vQhe] vylh] rEckdw] cjlhe ¼Qlyksa dk jktk½ bR;kfnA 3- tk;n & (i) le; & ekpZ & vizSy ls ebZ & twu (ii) Qly & gjh lfCt;k¡] [kjcwtk] rjcwt] i'kq vksa dk pkjk] ddM+h bR;kfnA B. mi;ksx ds vk/kkj ij 1- [kk|ku@vukt &  os Qlysa ftudk mi;ksx [kkn~; Qlyksa ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA mnkgj.k%& xsgw¡] tkS] ¼jch½ pkoy] cktjk] eDdk] Tokj ¼[kjhQ½ bR;kfnA  uksV%& jktLFkku dh izeq[k [kk|ku Qly cktjk tcfd ns'k@fo'o esa izeq[k [kk|kUu Qly pkoy gSA 2- nygu@Hkwfe moZj Qlysa & ¼os Qlysa tks Hkwfe moZjrk dks ckSrs ds rgr] fDyaVu QkmaMs'ku lkSj ikdZ ds fodkl gsrq vko';d lgk;rk çnku djsxkA jktLFkku esa LFkkfir izeq[k lksyj ikdZ HkM+yk ukfn;k dyk /kwM+lj QykSnh&iksdj.k Qrsgxuw] lhdj] chdkusj loZJs"B fdLe dh Åu çkIr gksrh gS] bls Hkkjr dh esfjuks dgk tkrk gSA 3- lksukM+h@puksFkj mn;iqj] Mwxa jiqj] fpÙkkSMxkyjkikVu ¼>kykokM+½ & ekyoh i'kq esyk & Hkjriqj & gfj;k.koh xksxkesMh+ i'kq esyk & guqekux