Oral Questions - Respiratory Therapy PDF

What is the most recommended therapy for post op patient after surgery? - **Incentive spirometry** 2. What will a patient with cystic fibrosis do at home? 3. possible therapies for long term cystic fibrosis patients athome? - **Vest and O2 therapy, PPE (PEP), vest, mucolytic** 4. Indicat...

What is the most recommended therapy for post op patient after surgery? - **Incentive spirometry** 2. What will a patient with cystic fibrosis do at home? 3. possible therapies for long term cystic fibrosis patients athome? - **Vest and O2 therapy, PPE (PEP), vest, mucolytic** 4. Indication of oxygen therapy: - **Hypoxemia, decreased levels of oxygen in the blood** - **Hypoxia, no sufficient amounts of oxygen at the tissue** - **Cyanosis,** - **Short term therapy like post op** - **Post operative patients.** - **Asthma** - **OSA.** - **use of accessory muscles: nasal flaring,** 5. what can too much oxygen do? - **O2 toxicity or poisoning.** - **slow your breathing and heart rate to dangerous levels** - **Oxidative stress** - **Absorption atelectasis** - **Fire hazards** - **Increasing hypoxic drive for COPD patients which is depression of ventilation** 6. 2 hazards of O2 therapy - **nausea, dizziness, muscle twitching, vision loss, loss of consciousness.** 7. Do complications if we over peeping "high peep" the patient? 8. What are 2 possible adverse effect of peep? - **decrease blood pressure (hypotension)** - **decreases venous return.** - ** decreases cardiac output.** - **Alveolar overinflation** - **Pulmonary Barotrauma.** 9. what the Murphy's eye is used for? - **Allow ventilation of the lung and prevent obstruction.** - **Prevent obstruction and continue ventilation** - **allow ventilation of the lung when the bevel of the endotracheal tube is occluded.** 10. what are signs someone needs oxygen? - **Hypoxia or hypoxemia and cyanosis and diaphoresis and SOB** 11. What kind of therapy used with large volume nebulizer? - **Bland aerosol therapy** 12. What type of patient do we use a large volume nebulizer with? - **Post extubation stridor** - **Croup** - **If we need to deliver a mist that moisturizes Patients airway** 13. What type of problem does obstructive patients have? - **Flow** - **restricted airflow and breathing problems** 14. What type of problem does restrictive patients have? - **Volume** - **decrease in the total volume of air that the lungs are able to hold, is often due to a decrease in the elasticity of the lungs themselves** 15. What's the primary indication for inhaled NO Nitric Oxide? 16. What is inhaled nitric oxide used for? - **Pulmonary hypertension** - **hypoxic respiratory failure** 17. Causes of higher personal alarm and low pressure alarm in the ventilator A. List four common causes of a low-pressure alarm situation. **The patient disconnecting, leaks in the ventilator circuit, airway leaks, chest tube leaks, and disconnecting the inspiratory or expiratory tubing from the ventilator circuit are all potential causes of the low pressure alarm.** B. List nine common causes of a high-pressure alarm situation. **Airway-related issues, such as (a) secretions or mucus; coughing; the patient biting the tube; or (b) tube migration into the right mainstem bronchus, may result in high-pressure alerts. There are several lung diseases that might cause high-pressure alarms, including (c) bronchospasm\'s increased airway resistance, (d) mucosal edema or secretions, (e) a pneumothorax\'s decreased compliance, and (f) patient-ventilator asynchrony. Other factors that can result in high-pressure alerts are (g) condensate buildup in the patient circuit, (h) kinks in the inspiratory circuit, or I issues with the inspiratory or expiratory valves.** 18. you have a flow meter in the wall and you bulled it out, then you see a massive oxygen leak, what are you going to do? - **Put the flow meter back in** 19. High pressure limit? - **Mucus plugging, kink in the tube, obstruction** - **Secretions or mucus** - **Patient biting the tube** - **Tube migration into the right mainstem bronchus** 20. What can cause the low pressure alarm to go off. List 3 things - **Leaks in the ventilator circuit** - **Chest tube leaks** - **Disconnecting the tube from the ventilator circuit** - **Rupture of the endotracheal tube cuff** 21. -2 complications a patient may face when we put them on the vent? - **Pulmonary Barotrauma** - **Lung injury** - **Pneumonia** - **Respiratory muscle weakness, and secretion retention** - **Hyperinflation** - **Occlusion in the tube because of sections build up** 22. Who do we use on non-invasive ventilation? - **COPD** - **Obesity** - **OSA** - **Both acute and chronic respiratory failure** 23. In PFT decreased lung volume indicative of what? - **Restrictive** 24. Decreased flow? - **Obstructive** 25. Indication for ABG? - **Assess blood gases as oxygen and carbon dioxide level for the patient** - **Sign of respiratory distress** - **Assess mechanical vent settings** - **Assess accuracy of non-invasive monitoring (transcutaneous monitoring)** 26. why do we use L/S ratio? - **help to determine the surfactant** 27. Safety feature in the racisater? - **pop off valve** 28. what air bubble will change in the ABG sample? - **CO2 will decrease** 29. compress ratio 2 rescuer for infant? - **15:2** 30. the preferred technique with 2 rescue? - **Circle -2 hands** 31. types of cell of surfactant? - **Type 2 alveolar cells** 32. what is the function of goblet cells in the lung? - **Is to carry out gas exchange** - **to secrete mucin and create a protective mucus layer** 33. what is the term for the normal breath sounds? - **Vesicular** 34. clapping of the finger what does it mean? - **Chronic hypoxia, COPD** 35. idiopathic means? - **Unknown cause** - **When the cause is unknown** 36. instead of Epi? - **Amioderine** - **Racemic epi** 37. rhythm going to cause clots? - **A-fib** - **Blood left to pool in the upper chambers after an inefficient heartbeat increases the risk of clot formation.** 38. why radial than brachial in the ABG? - **We have 2 artery** - ** it is where the radial artery lies superficially and thus makes the pulse more detectable.** 39. What does sweat test determine? - **Amount of chloride in the sweat** - **It is for CF patients** 40. How Is RSBI calculated? - **RR/VT** 41. Suctioning ETT if you hit the carina, what ECG can you see? - **Bradycardia due to vagus nerve stimulants** 42. Why is wheezing post bronchodilator good? - **That means there is air moving** 43. What is the factor used when using heliox 80:20? - **1:8** 44. Heliox of 70:30? - **1:6** 45. Indication for heliox therapy? - **Decrease inflammation, post extubation stridor** 46. 3 doses of Xopenex? - **0.31, 0.63, 1.25** 47. Where do we keep the temperature on heated humidifier? - **37-39 degree** 48. What is the difference between laryngeal edema and laryngeal stenosis? - **laryngeal stenosis: scarring in the larynx that occurs at or above the vocal cords and limits the larynx\'s ability to open normally** - **laryngeal edema: abnormal accumulation of fluid and swelling in the tissues of the larynx** **FALL 2023 NEW QUESTIONS** 1. Brovana name and dose: **arformoterol tartrate 15 mcg (once daily)** **long-acting beta agonists (LABAs)** 2. What ways we use to let the treachostomy patient speak ? **Fenestrated trach, speaking valve, and deflate the cuff,.... ( one)** 3. What mucamist dose and percentage? **10% and 20% (know each dose for each percent)** 4. What NIF and MIP and RSBI stand for and what their normals **NIF: negative inspiratory pressure and the normal is (-20 to -40)** **MIP: maximum inspiratory pressure (NORMAL?)** **RSBI: rapid shallow breathing index and the normal is less than 105** 5. What parameters do we see for SBT? **NIF, Vital capacity..., HR, RR,** 6. ABG question 7.59 19 25: **uncompensated respiratory alkalosis ** 7. What patient we use peak flow meter with? **Asthma patients** 8. What two types of laryngeal blade **Miller (straight) and Macntouch (curved)** 9. What we will see in the o2 pulse device if the patient come from a fire with high co2? **100% o2** **And they looks pink** 10. What we adjust in the bipap if the o2 and co2 is low ? **Adjust the EPAP and fio2** 11. What is the difference between the spo2 and pao2? 12. What is CPAP used for? **OSA, Pulmonary edema, CHF, COPD, Obesity** 13. What is the wheezing that comes from the bubbler and nasal cannula usuall **Kink in the tube ** 14. What waveform would give fast I time ? **Square waveform** 15. What PEEP mean and it is for what? **PEEP means: Peak End Expiratory Pressure and...** **PEEP is used for Oxygenation** 16. What would tell you that the patient fail SBT with the T piece? **If the patient with the T piece that means the patient is not on the vent now, so...** **I would see Increased heart rate, increased WOB, low RR,... ** 17. How would you explain Allen test? **Instruct the patient to make a vest and apply pressure on both sides the artery and the ulnar and then take the hand away from the ulnar side to see the blood coming back in 8-10 seconds maximum ** 18. What is the name that is at the end of the ET tube (two holes)? **It is Murphy's eyes** 19. What adjustment we do on the BiPAP to adjust if there is high CO2 and... ? IPAP ( to increase the gradient between the IPAP and EPAP) and backup RR 20. How to check or confirm the ETT in the correct place? Auscultation, chest rise, CXR 21. What is the meaning of the capnography colors? Yellow: yes in correct place Purple: no, problem Brown: don't know where 22. What we should we do if the PIP keeps going up? Suctioning, bronchodilator, switch to pressure control 23. What if the pulse reading is not correct? What we could do? Change the location, ABG, Ckeck by yourself 24. Fio2 of 1 L? 24% ( know the rule of four) 25. PCO2 normal? 35-45 mm Hg or Torr 26. Two dosages of Pulmicort? It is corticosteroid 0.5 mg and 1 mg 27. What complications with Pulmicort? Mouth trust 28. Alarms for PIP? 10 above 29. What is the deference between the SpO2 and SaaO2? 30. PEFR stand for? Peak expiratory flow rate 31. The patient has Ve 14 and RR 25? What is the average Vt? 32. Decreased DLCO in which patients? Emphysema 33. What test differentiate between Emphysema and Asthma? 34. FRC percentage if the patient?... Emphysema 35. Patient has diffusion capacity test? How long the patient has to stop smoking? 4 hours 36. The patient has a VC of 4200 ml they have RRC of 3300 ml and ERV 1500 What is the residual volume? RV = FRC−ERV, or RV = TLC−IVC. 1800