Nursing Exam Questions PDF

C A 1. Question on Cardiac Nursing Question: A patient with chronic heart failure presents with dyspnea, orthopnea, and peripheral edema. What is the primary nursing intervention? A. Administer intravenous fluids. B. Elevate the legs above the level of the heart. C. Administer pr...

C A 1. Question on Cardiac Nursing Question: A patient with chronic heart failure presents with dyspnea, orthopnea, and peripheral edema. What is the primary nursing intervention? A. Administer intravenous fluids. B. Elevate the legs above the level of the heart. C. Administer prescribed diuretics and monitor urine output. D. Encourage Ca high-sodium diet. C 2. Question on Pediatrics Question: A newborn is diagnosed with Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). Which clinical finding is most likely? A. Bounding pulses. B. Cyanosis in all extremities. C. Diminished peripheral pulses. D. Low blood pressure. C 3. Question on Drug Calculations Question: A child weighing 20 kg is prescribed amoxicillin 15 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours. How much should the nurse administer per dose? A. 100 mg B. 200 mg C. 300 mg D. 400 mg 4. Question on Infection Control Question: What is the most effective method to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)? A. Using gloves for every patient interaction. B. Implementing standard precautions. C. Strictly adhering to hand hygiene protocols. D. Isolating all patients. 5. Question on Fundamentals of Nursing Question: When inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube, what is the best method to verify proper placement? A. Checking for bubbling in a glass of water. B. Auscultating air insufflation in the stomach. C. Measuring the external tube length. D. Confirming placement with X-ray. A 6. Question on Maternal Health Question: A patient in the third trimester presents with painless vaginal bleeding. What is the priority nursing intervention? A. Perform a vaginal examination to assess for cervical dilation. B. Assess fetal heart rate and maternal vital signs. C. Administer oxytocin to stop the bleeding. D. Place the patient in the Trendelenburg position. B 7. Question on Endocrine Disorders Question: A patient with diabetes mellitus is confused and diaphoretic. What should the nurse do first? A. Administer 1 mg of glucagon subcutaneously. B. Check the patient’s blood glucose level. C. Provide an IV infusion of 50% dextrose. D. Call the healthcare provider immediately. B 8. Question on Neurological Disorders Question: A patient arrives in the emergency department with slurred speech and right-sided weakness. What is the nurse's priority action? A. Perform a detailed neurological assessment. B. Monitor oxygen saturation levels. C. Prepare the patient for a CT scan. D. Check blood sugar levels. A 9. Question on Community Health Nursing Question: During a measles outbreak in a community, what is the priority intervention for nurses? A. Isolate all suspected cases. B. Administer vitamin A supplements to children. C. Initiate mass vaccination of the susceptible population. D. Educate the community about the signs and symptoms of measles. C 10. Question on Respiratory Disorders Question: Which arterial blood gas (ABG) result is most indicative of respiratory acidosis? A. pH 7.50, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3 22 mEq/L B. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg, HCO3 24 mEq/L C. pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3 25 mEq/L D. pH 7.20, PaCO2 25 mmHg, HCO3 18 mEq/L B 11. Question on Gastrointestinal Nursing Question: A patient with liver cirrhosis is at risk of developing hepatic encephalopathy. What dietary modification should the nurse recommend? A. High-protein diet. B. Low-sodium diet. C. Low-fat diet. D. Low-protein diet. B 12. Question on Psychiatric Nursing Question: A patient with schizophrenia reports hearing voices commanding them to harm others. What is the priority nursing intervention? A. Reassure the patient that the voices are not real. B. Ask the patient to ignore the voices. C. Ensure the safety of the patient and others. D. Administer prescribed antipsychotic medication. A 13. Question on Legal and Ethical Aspects Question: A nurse accidentally administers the wrong medication to a patient. What is the first action the nurse should take? A. Notify the healthcare provider immediately. B. Document the error in the patient’s chart. C. Assess the patient for any adverse effects. D. Report the incident to the nurse manager. D 14. Question on Fluid and Electrolytes Question: A patient’s serum potassium level is 6.5 mEq/L. What is the nurse’s priority intervention? A. Administer potassium chloride IV. B. Encourage potassium-rich foods. C. Prepare the patient for dialysis. D. Administer calcium gluconate as prescribed. D 15. Question on Medical-Surgical Nursing Question: A patient is diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following interventions is most appropriate? A. Massage the affected leg to improve circulation. B. Apply a warm compress to the affected area. C. Encourage early ambulation. D. Administer prescribed anticoagulants. C 16. Question on Maternal and Newborn Nursing Question: What is the most common complication of untreated gestational diabetes in the newborn? A. Hyperglycemia. B. Hyperbilirubinemia. C. Hypoglycemia. D. Polycythemia. C 17. Question on Pharmacology Question: A patient receiving IV morphine for pain control develops shallow respirations and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute. What is the nurse's immediate action? A. Administer naloxone as prescribed. B. Stop the IV infusion and notify the provider. C. Assess the patient’s pain level. D. Place the patient in the Trendelenburg position. B 18. Question on Pediatric Nursing Question: Which is the most reliable indicator of dehydration in an infant? A. Sunken fontanelles. B. Dry mucous membranes. C. Decreased urine output. D. Weight loss. C 19. Question on Mental Health Nursing Question: A patient with major depressive disorder states, "I feel like life is not worth living." What is the nurse’s priority action? A. Notify the healthcare provider immediately. B. Ask the patient if they have a specific plan to harm themselves. C. Encourage the patient to express their feelings. D. Document the patient’s statement in the medical record. C 20. Question on Infectious Diseases Question: A patient with active tuberculosis is admitted to the hospital. What is the most appropriate infection control measure? A. Standard precautions. B. Contact precautions. C. Droplet precautions. D. Airborne precautions. D 21. Question on Cardiovascular Nursing Question: A patient with acute coronary syndrome is prescribed nitroglycerin. What is the primary action of this medication? A. Reduce myocardial oxygen demand by vasodilation. B. Decrease blood viscosity. C. Increase myocardial oxygen supply by improving clot resolution. D. Enhance myocardial contractility. C 22. Question on Renal Nursing Question: A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which intervention is the nurse's priority? A. Restrict dietary potassium intake. B. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). C. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor. D. Prepare the patient for dialysis. B 23. Question on Infection Control Question: Which type of precautions should a nurse implement when caring for a patient with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection? A. Standard precautions. B. Droplet precautions. C. Contact precautions. D. Airborne precautions. C 24. Question on Maternity Nursing Question: During the second stage of labor, the nurse observes a loop of the umbilical cord protruding from the vagina. What is the priority nursing action? A. Notify the healthcare provider immediately. B. Place the patient in the Trendelenburg or knee-chest position. C. Apply sterile saline-soaked gauze to the exposed cord. D. Monitor fetal heart rate for variability. C 25. Question on Respiratory Nursing Question: A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen therapy at 4 L/min via nasal cannula. The patient becomes drowsy and lethargic. What is the most appropriate intervention? A. Increase the oxygen flow rate. B. Decrease the oxygen flow rate. C. Encourage the patient to take deep breaths. D. Notify the healthcare provider. D 26. Question on Neurological Nursing Question: A patient with a head injury has clear fluid draining from the nose. What should the nurse do first? A. Pack the nose with sterile gauze. B. Test the fluid for glucose. C. Notify the healthcare provider. D. Elevate the head of the bed to 30 degrees. B 27. Question on Pharmacology Question: A nurse is administering digoxin to a patient. Which assessment finding requires the nurse to hold the medication and notify the provider? A. Heart rate of 68 bpm. B. Serum potassium of 3.2 mEq/L. C. Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg. D. Serum digoxin level of 1.5 ng/mL. B 28. Question on Legal and Ethical Nursing Question: A nurse overhears a colleague discussing a patient’s diagnosis in the hospital cafeteria. What is the best response? A. Inform the patient about the breach of confidentiality. B. Confront the colleague about their behavior. C. Report the incident to the nurse manager. D. Ignore the situation to avoid conflict. C 29. Question on Pediatric Nursing Question: A 2-year-old child is admitted with dehydration due to diarrhea. Which assessment finding indicates severe dehydration? A. Mildly dry mucous membranes. B. Decreased skin turgor. C. Sunken anterior fontanel. D. Capillary refill time of less than 2 seconds. D 30. Question on Surgical Nursing Question: A patient develops a fever 24 hours after surgery. What is the most likely cause? A. Atelectasis. B. Surgical site infection. C. Thrombophlebitis. D. Urinary tract infection. B 31. Question on Obstetrics Question: A nurse is assessing a pregnant woman at 32 weeks of gestation. Which finding requires immediate intervention? A. Mild pedal edema. B. Blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg. C. Headache unrelieved by acetaminophen. D. Fundal height measuring 32 cm. B 32. Question on Pharmacology Question: A patient with Type 1 diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? A. "I will take this medication once a day, at the same time." B. "I should not mix this insulin with any other insulin in the syringe." C. "This insulin will cover my mealtime glucose needs." D. "I will store unopened vials in the refrigerator." D 33. Question on Respiratory Nursing Question: A patient with pneumonia is placed on oxygen therapy via nasal cannula at 2 L/min. What is the best method to evaluate the effectiveness of this therapy? A. Measure respiratory rate. B. Check oxygen saturation. C. Perform arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. D. Assess skin color and capillary refill. D 34. Question on Neurology Question: A nurse is caring for a patient who has just experienced a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. What is the nurse's priority action? A. Assess the patient’s level of consciousness. B. Administer an anti-epileptic medication. C. Check the patient’s blood glucose level. D. Place the patient in a side-lying position. D 35. Question on Fluid and Electrolytes Question: A patient has a serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L. What clinical manifestation is the nurse likely to observe? A. Increased thirst. B. Muscle weakness. C. Hyperreflexia. D. Confusion and irritability. A 36. Question on Gastrointestinal Nursing Question: A patient is admitted with acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory finding is most consistent with this diagnosis? A. Increased serum bilirubin. B. Elevated serum amylase and lipase. C. Decreased serum calcium. D. Increased serum alkaline phosphatase. B 37. Question on Infection Control Question: What is the most effective nursing intervention to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)? A. Using personal protective equipment (PPE) correctly. B. Administering prophylactic antibiotics. C. Performing hand hygiene consistently. D. Isolating all patients with infections. C 38. Question on Mental Health Nursing Question: A patient with depression reports a lack of energy and loss of interest in activities. What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis? A. Risk for suicide. B. Activity intolerance. C. Ineffective coping. D. Social isolation. A 39. Question on Pharmacology Question: A patient is prescribed digoxin for heart failure. What should the nurse assess before administering the medication? A. Blood pressure. B. Serum potassium level. C. Respiratory rate. D. Pupillary response. C 40. Question on Pediatric Nursing Question: A nurse is assessing a newborn with suspected respiratory distress. Which finding is most concerning? A. Nasal flaring. B. Irregular breathing pattern. C. Respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute. D. Brief periods of apnea lasting less than 10 seconds. D 41. Question on Neurology Question: A patient recovering from a stroke has dysphagia. What is the nurse’s priority action? A. Monitor for signs of aspiration. B. Perform a bedside swallow assessment. C. Request a speech therapist evaluation. D. Provide a liquid diet to prevent choking. A 42. Question on Cardiovascular Nursing Question: A patient with atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. What dietary advice should the nurse provide? A. Avoid foods high in vitamin K. B. Increase fluid intake to 2-3 liters daily. C. Limit protein-rich foods. D. Consume a low-sodium diet. A 43. Question on Maternal Nursing Question: During labor, a fetal heart rate tracing shows late decelerations. What is the nurse's first action? A. Administer oxygen to the mother. B. Increase the rate of IV fluids. C. Position the mother on her side. D. Notify the healthcare provider. C 44. Question on Fluid and Electrolytes Question: A patient with hyperkalemia is prescribed calcium gluconate. What is the primary purpose of this medication? A. Lower serum potassium levels. B. Stabilize cardiac membranes. C. Enhance potassium excretion. D. Treat underlying acidosis. D 45. Question on Surgical Nursing Question: A patient is scheduled for abdominal surgery. What is the most important nursing action before surgery? A. Ensure the patient is NPO. B. Shave the surgical site. C. Administer preoperative antibiotics. D. Verify informed consent is signed. D