Question Bank HUM X71 PDF

Chapter 1 1-Engineering ethics are moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity. Answer: false Correction: (Ethics) 2-Engineering ethics are a body of philosophy indicating the ways that engineers should conduct themselves in their professional capacity. Answer:...

Chapter 1 1-Engineering ethics are moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity. Answer: false Correction: (Ethics) 2-Engineering ethics are a body of philosophy indicating the ways that engineers should conduct themselves in their professional capacity. Answer: True 3-Ethics are the rules and standards governing the conduct of engineers in their role as professionals. Answer: false Correction: (engineering ethics) 4-Engineering ethics aims to learn how to solve complex problems in the most non ethical way appropriate to the situation. Answer: false Correction: (ethical) 5-Ethical issues can extend beyond public safety issues involving bribery, forgery, environmental protection and justice. Answer: True 6-Personal ethics deals with how we treat others in our daily lives. Answer: True 7- Personal ethics refers to ethics a person must adhere to it regarding his interactions and business transactions in his professional life. Answer: false Correction:(Professional ethics) 8-Personal and professional ethics are always in perfect harmony. Answer: false Correction:(In some cases), personal and professional ethics may collide and create an ethical (conflict). 9-The fact that something is legal makes it ethical. Answer: false Correction: The fact that something is legal (doesn't) make it ethical 10-The practice of engineering is subject to many laws at the international and local levels. Answer: True 11-Most types of lying are perfectly legal, but lying is generally recognized as unethical. Answer: True 12-Any paid work can be considered a profession (regardless of...Level of skill and responsibility) Answer: false Correction: (job) 13-profession is the employment through which someone earns a living. Answer: false Correction: (Occupation) 14- Profession is work that requires: sophisticated skills, judgment, and the ability to evaluate things, and is not routine and cannot be automated. Answer: True 15-Job requires extensive formal education. Answer: false Correction: (Professionalism) 16-For a job the professional knowledge level is low. Answer: True 17-For occupation the professional knowledge level is high. Answer: false Correction: (medium) 18-For profession the professional knowledge level is high. Answer: True 19-The occupation scope of profession was generalized. Answer: false Correction: (specialist) 20-The profession scope of profession was highly specialized. Answer: True 21-There was a huge variation in the entry routes into the profession in case of profession. Answer: false Correction: (job) 22-Continuing profession development in the job have high obligation. Answer: false Correction: (profession) 23-Code of ethics is an important aspect of the rules of professional associations. Answer: True 24-Codes of ethics are a prescription for ethical behavior or a legal document. Answer: false Correction: (are not) 25-No one may be arrested for violating the provisions of codes of ethics, although expulsion from the professional community may result from violations of the law. Answer: True 26-A code of ethics helps the engineer apply unethical principles to the unique situations encountered in professional practice. Answer: false Correction: (ethical) 27-The Milgram experiment sought to find out how easily the average person could be induced to commit heinous crimes under orders. Answer: True 28- The Milgram experiment is an experience that focuses on the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience. Answer: True 29-fuel tank design of the ford car was in accordance with accepted engineering standards, although it meets federal safety standards. Answer: false Correction: (was not) 30-Ford engineers were not aware of the design risks. Answer: false Correction: (were) 31-The Milgram experiment showed that people can commit charitable (‫ )خيرية‬daily. Answer: false Correction: (brutality) 32-In intel Pentium chips case study, computers were able to perform some simple calculations correctly. Answer: false Correction: unable 33-Many people requested to change this defective intel pentium chip and the company accepted. Answer: false Correction: (refused) 34-Apple has admitted that it is slowly working on older iPhones to encourage consumers to buy iPhone in a simple way. Answer: True  LECTURE 2 1. Moral and ethics are interchangeable terms that signify the same concept. (F) (have different meanings) 2. The codes of ethics are legal documents (False) (not legal) 3. Ethical theories provide individuals with universally applicable moral guidelines. (False) (do not provide) 4. "In the Paradyne Case, Trucking CSI (a subcontractor) filed a lawsuit against the runway paving contractor. (False) (Runway at Denver Airport DIA Case Study) 5. "The Paradyne system included new and development technology." (False) (under development( 6. Ethics refers to individual principles regarding right and wrong. (False) (Moral) 7. If a lawyer defends a murderer, this act is unethical. (False) (immoral) 8. "Selling counterfeit products to customers to make more profit is unethical." (False) ( neither moral nor ethical) 9. Utilitarianism is mean "Individual welfare before societal welfare." (False) (after) 10. Duty ethics mean “"People have rights that you must respect." (False) (Rights ethics) 11. Duty is mean that one of your duties is to recognize others' rights. (True) 12. "From Western ethical thinking: Indian ethics and Buddhist ethics." (false) (Non- Western) 13. The difference between moral and ethics is that moral refers to personal beliefs, while ethics refers to societal norms. - True 14. Utilitarianism is the ethical theory that believes actions should be judged based on their consequences. - True 15. Duty ethics is the ethical theory that emphasizes the importance of following moral duties and obligations. - True 16. Rights ethics focuses on the rights and freedoms of individuals. - True 17. Virtue ethics emphasizes the development of virtuous characteristics in individuals. - True 18. Virtue ethics suggests that actions should be based on moral virtues and character traits. - True 19. Utilitarianism emphasizes the pursuit of overall happiness and the greatest good for the greatest number of people. - True 20. Rights ethics believes that ethical actions should be based on the principles of justice and fairness. - True 21. Duty ethics emphasizes the importance of personal responsibility and moral obligations. - True LECTURE (3) 1. The first step in solving any ethical problem is a full understanding of all the issues involved (TRUE).‫تتمثل الخطوة األولى في حل أي مشكلة أخالقية هو الفهم الكامل لجميع القضايا المطروحة‬ 2. Factual issues (what is known about the reality of the situation) (TRUE). ‫ الحقيقي المعروف عن القضية‬/ ‫ هو الواقع‬:)FACTUAL ISSUES( 3. Conceptual issues (what is known about the reality of the situation) (FALSE). ‫ الحقيقي المعروف عن القضية‬/ ‫ هو الواقع‬:(CONCEPTUAL ISSUES) 4. Moral issues (what is known about the reality of the situation) (FALSE)..‫ الحقيقي المعروف عن القضية‬/ ‫ هو الواقع‬:(MORAL ISSUES) 5. Conceptual issues (related to the meaning or applicability of an idea, e.g., distinguishing bribery from an acceptable gift) (TRUE) ‫ تتعلق بمعنى الفكرة أو قابليتها للتطبيق بمعني اخر تحديد ما يشكل رشوة‬:)CONCEPTUAL ISSUES(.‫خالفا للهدية مقبولة‬ 6. Moral issues (related to the meaning or applicability of an idea, e.g., distinguishing bribery from an acceptable gift) (FALSE) ‫ تتعلق بمعنى الفكرة أو قابليتها للتطبيق بمعني اخر تحديد ما يشكل رشوة خالفا للهدية‬:(MORAL ISSUES).‫مقبولة‬ 7. Sometimes, the issues (Factual, Conceptual & Moral) can be controversial and not 100% clear. (TRUE).‫واضحة‬100٪ ‫ تلك القضايا (الفعلية والمشكالت المفاهيمية واألخالقية) مثيرة للجدل وليست‬،‫في بعض األحيان‬ 8. Often, all that is required to solve a particular ethical problem is a deeper analysis of the issues involved according to the appropriate principles (TRUE) ‫ كل ما هو مطلوب لحل مشكلة أخالقية معينة هو تحليل أعمق للقضايا المتضمنة وفقا للمبادئ‬،‫في كثير من األحيان‬.‫المناسبة‬ 9. The Paradyne issue as hiring a former SSA employee to influence the contract decision is a FACTUAL issue that doesn’t seem particularly controversial. (TRUE) ‫ ال تبدو القضايا الواقعية مثيرة للجدل‬،‫ هنا‬.‫مشكلة تتمثل في توظيف موظف سابق في للتأثير على قرار العقد‬.‫بشكل خاص‬ 10. In Paradyne issue lying in practicing to get bid for providing a ready product when the actual product is still in the planning stages? Considered as the Conceptual issues. (TRUE) 11. In Paradyne issue Is it deceptive to place a Paradyne label over the real manufacturer's label? Considered as Conceptual issues. (TRUE) 12. In Paradyne issue the lying in business practice considered as The Moral issues (TRUE) 13. In Paradyne issues Is it okay to be deceptive if it allows your company to secure a contract? Considered as Moral Issues. (TRUE) 14. In Paradyne issue if we theoretically determine that Paradyne's practices were deceptive, then their actions were unethical. (TRUE).‫ فإن أفعالهم كانت غير أخالقية‬،‫ كانت خادعة‬Paradyne ‫ إذا قررنا من الناحية النظرية أن ممارسات‬،‫لذلك‬ 15. Methods for solving ethical issues are two Methods: 1. Line Drawing method 2. Flow-chart method (TRUE) 16. The Flow Chart method involves locating ethical issues on a line between a positive model and a negative model, to assess whether the issue is ethically acceptable or unacceptable. (FALSE) (LINE Drawing) 17. The Line Drawing Method is Applying a simple diagram chart to an issue involves emphasizing the potential decisions made while considering the issue's identification. (FALSE) (FLOW Chart) ‫ مع التركيز على القرارات المحتملة التي يتم اتخاذها‬،‫طريقة رسم الخط تتضمن تطبيق مخطط بسيط على قضية‬.‫أثناء النظر في تحديد القضية‬ 18. In Bhobal Disaster The main factor that contributed to this incident was the reduction in plant maintenance as part of a cost-cutting effort. (TRUE).‫كان العامل الرئيسي الذي ساهم في هذا الحادث هو تقليص صيانة المصنع كجزء من جهد خفض التكاليف‬ 19. In Bhobal Disaster The cooling unit had stopped working five months before the incident and was repaired. (FALSE){ was Not Repaired}.‫توقفت وحدة التبريد عن العمل قبل خمسة أشهر من الحادث وتم إصالحها‬ 20. In Bhobal Disaster The alarm was set correctly and the flare tower was not functioning. (FALSE) {alarm was set incorrectly}.‫تم ضبط جهاز االنذار بشكل صحيح وبرج التوهج ال يعمل‬ 21. In Bhobal Disaster Very few safety standards that should be adhered to by American companies are applied in India. (TRUE).‫القليل جدا في معايير السالمة يتم تطبيقها في الهند والتي يجب على الشركات األمريكية العمل بموجبه‬ 23. In Bhobal Disaster The blame falls on the plant designer ONLY. (FALSE) {Plant designer, Union Carbide, Management team and Indian government} ‫يقع اللوم علي مصمم المصنع فقط‬ 24. In Bhobal Disaster The plant designers did their job by anticipating potential problems and installing safety systems to prevent or mitigate possible accidents. (TRUE) ‫قام مصممو المصنع بعملهم من خالل توقع المشكالت التي قد تحدث وتثبيت أنظمة السالمة لمنع أو تخفيف‬.‫الحوادث المحتملة‬ 25. In Bhobal Disaster The failure to operate all safety systems simultaneously is inexcusable. (TRUE) ‫إن عدم تشغيل جميع أنظمة السالمة في وقت واحد أمر ال يغتفر‬ 26. In Bhobal Disaster Union Carbide had a plan for notifying and evacuating the surrounding population in the event of an incident. (FALSE) {Had No PLAN}.‫ خطة إلخطار وإخالء األشخاص المحيطين في حالة وقوع حادث‬Union Carbide‫كان لدى‬ 27. In Bhobal Disaster Union Carbide cannot claim that such an incident was unexpected. (TRUE) ‫ من القول إن مثل هذا الحادث كان غير متوقع‬Union Carbide‫لم تتمكن‬ 28. In Bhobal Disaster The local government have a policy that prevented people from living close to such factories. (FALSE) {Didn’t have}.‫كان لدى الحكومة المحلية سياسة تمنع الناس من العيش بالقرب من مثل هذه المصانع‬ 29. In Bhobal Disaster the Third World countries often see pollution control and safety regulation as prohibitively expensive. (TRUE).‫غالبًا ما رأت دول العالم الثالث أن التحكم في التلوث وتنظيم السالمة أمر مكلف للغاية‬ 30. In Bhobal Disaster the Union Carbide helped in setting up training programs and resettlement programs for the victims. (TRUE).‫ في إعداد برامج للتدريب وبرامج إعادة التوطين للضحايا‬Union Carbide‫ساعد‬ 31. The Aberdeen Proving Ground, a United States Army development and testing center, was used for the development, testing, storage, and disposal of chemical weapons. (TRUE) ‫(مركز تطوير واختبار أسلحة الجيش األمريكي) لتطوير األسلحة الكيميائية واختبارها‬Aberdeen ‫تم استخدام‬.‫وتخزينها والتخلص منها‬ 32. In The Aberdeen three This is one of the classic cases often used to illustrate the importance of: Environmental protection & Safety of workers exposed to hazardous and toxic chemicals. (TRUE) :‫هذه واحدة من الحاالت الكالسيكية التي تُستخدم غالبًا لتوضيح أهمية‬ ‫حماية البيئة وسالمة العمال المعرضين للمواد الكيميائية الخطرة والسامة‬ 33. In The Aberdeen three Federal safety investigations revealed: - Inadequate fencing for containing chemicals - The system for containing and treating hazardous chemicals had corroded and caused chemical leaks. (TRUE) :‫كشفت تحقيقات السالمة الفيدرالية‬ ‫اسوار غير مناسبة لالحتفاظ بالكيماويات‬ ‫كان نظام احتواء ومعالجة الكيماويات الخطرة قد تآكل وتسبب في تسرب الكيماويات‬ 34. In The Aberdeen three the three engineers were charged with violating the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. (TRUE) )‫اتُهم المهندسين الثالثة بانتهاك قانون حماية الموارد واصالحها(انعاشها‬ 35. In The Aberdeen three the three engineers claimed that they were aware that the factory's storage practices were illegal. (FALSE) {UNAWARE} ‫ادعى المهندسين الثالثة أنهم كانوا على علم بأن ممارسات تخزين المصنع غير قانونية‬ 36. In The Aberdeen three the three engineers claimed that they acted according to the practices accepted in the factory. (TRUE) ‫ادعى المهندسين الثالثة أنهم فعلوا أشياء وفقا للممارسات المقبولة في المصنع‬ 37. In The Aberdeen three as managers of the plant, the three were not responsible for how chemicals were stored and how safety equipment was maintained. (FALSE) {were responsible}.‫ لم يكن الثالثة مسؤولين عن كيفية تخزين المواد الكيميائية وصيانة معدات السالمة‬،‫كمديرين للمصنع‬ 38. Wrong is wrong even if everyone is doing it & Right is right even if no one is doing it. (TRUE) ‫‪39. Almost everything that is engineered carries some health or safety risks associated‬‬ ‫)‪with it. (TRUE‬‬ ‫تقريبا كل شيء مصمم هندسيا لديه بعض المخاطر على الصحة والسالمة المرتبطة به‪.‬‬ ‫)‪LEC (4‬‬ ‫]‪ bribery and gift are considered as two sides for the same coin [FALSE‬‬ ‫الرشوة والهدية وجهان لعملة واحدة‬ ‫‪CORRECTION:‬‬ ‫عرض المال أو الخدمات‪ ،‬يتم تقديمه إلى شخص ما في وضع الثقة او المسئولية من اجل حثه على التصرف غير االمين‬ ‫الرشوة‪:‬‬ ‫الهدية‪ :‬بينما الهدية ال يترتب عليها ممارسات غير اخالقية او تصرف غير امين مثال‪ :‬كوب القهوة أو التقويمات التي تحمل‬ ‫شعار البائع ورقم هاتفه‪ ،‬هي مجرد أداة إعالنية‬ ‫‪ everyone gets what everything they want through applying the creative middle way‬‬ ‫]‪in solving conflict problems [FALSE‬‬ ‫يحصل كل فرد على كل ما يريده من خالل تطبيق الحلول الوسطية اإلبداعية في حل المشكالت المتضاربة؟‬ ‫‪CORRECTION:‬‬ ‫الطريقة المتوسطة االبداعية ‪the creative middle way‬‬ ‫نوع من التسوية التي ستعمل من أجل الجميع"‬ ‫الحل حيث ال يحصل أي شخص على كل ما يريد و لكن تسعى هذه الطريقة لمحاولة نفع الجميع باكثر وسيلة ممكنة‬ ‫‪ is Any offer of money or services, made to someone in a position of trust or‬‬ ‫]‪confidence to induce dishonest behavior considered a bribe [True‬‬ ‫عرض المال أو الخدمات‪ ،‬يتم تقديمه إلى شخص ما في وضع المسؤلية من اجل حثه على التصرف غير االمين يعد رشوة‬ ‫هل الثقة او‬ ‫]‪ Bribery corrupts a competitive free market economic system [True‬‬ ‫الرشوة تفسد نظام السوق الحرة االقتصادية والتنافسية‬ ‫]‪ bribery Let the rich make all the rules [True‬‬ ‫تقوم الرشوة بالسماح لألثرياء بوضع جميع القواعد‬ ‫‪ the bribery considered as insult to us as people and corrupting buyer and seller‬‬ ‫]‪[True‬‬  ‫تعد الرشوة مهينة لنا كبشر و تفسد كال من البائع و المشتري‬ there is no boundaries between a legitimate gift and a bribe [FALSE] ‫ال توجد الحدود بين هدية مشروعة ورشوة‬ CORRECTION: :‫الحدود بين هدية مشروعة ورشوة هي خفية جدا حيث ان‬ ‫ يتم تقديمه إلى شخص ما في وضع الثقة او المسئولية من اجل حثه على التصرف غير االمين‬،‫عرض المال أو الخدمات‬ :‫الرشوة‬ ‫ كوب القهوة أو التقويمات التي تحمل‬:‫ بينما الهدية ال يترتب عليها ممارسات غير اخالقية او تصرف غير امين مثال‬:‫الهدية‬ ‫ هي مجرد أداة إعالنية‬، ‫شعار البائع ورقم هاتفه‬ Coffee mugs or calendars bearing the seller's logo and phone number are considered as an acceptable advertising tool without ethical concerns [True] ‫ هي مجرد اداة اعالنية بدون شبهة اخالقية‬، ‫إن كوب القهوة أو التقويمات التي تحمل شعار البائع ورقم هاتفه‬ Eating with a customer or supplier considered as an acceptable practice especially if everyone is paying in their own way [True] ‫يعد تناول الطعام مع عميل أو مورد ممارسة مقبولة خاصة اذا كان الجميع يدفعون بطريقتهم الخاصة‬ When meals or gifts are not low cost and not made Sharing the costs of these items equally, they become a possibility of abuse Great usage [True] ‫ تصبح امكانية اساءة‬, ‫عندما ال تكون الوجبات أو الهدايا منخفضة التكلفة وال يتم تقاسم تكاليف هذه العناصر بالتساوي‬ ‫االستخدام كبيرة‬ In the absence of policies, prior approval from the person's management is the best guidance on what is acceptable regarding gifts from their clients [True] ‫ فإن الموافقة المسبقة من إدارة الشخص هي أفضل توجيه بشأن ما يتعلق بالهدايا المقدمة من عمالئه‬،‫في غياب السياسات‬ due to absence of company’s policies regarding bribe & gift, so the newspaper test based on your ability to defend yourself in case you were accused in the newspaper to accept a gift from your client [True] ‫ فإن اختبار الصحيفة يعتمد على قدرتك على الدفاع عن نفسك في‬،‫نظرا لغياب سياسات الشركة فيما يتعلق بالرشوة والهدايا‬ ً ‫حالة اتهامك في الصحيفة بقبول هدية من عميلك‬ Members of the profession must keep information about test results and products that have not yet been released to the market [True].‫ يجب ان يحتفظ أعضاء المهنة بمعلومات نتائج االختبارات والمنتجات اللي لم تصدر الى السوق بعد بسرية تامة‬- The number of employees working on the project and the identity of suppliers are freely owned and can be disclosed by members of the profession [FALSE] CORRECTION: This information must not be disclosed ‫ عدد الموظفين العاملين في المشروع وهوية الموردين هي ملكية حرة يمكن ألعضاء المهنة اإلفصاح عنها‬-  The cost of production falls under the heading of ownership of information [True] ‫ تكلفة اإلنتاج تندرج تحت بند ملكية المعلومات‬- A conflict of interest arises when an interest, if pursued, would prevent an employee from fulfilling one of his obligations. [True].‫ إلى منع الموظف من الوفاء بأحد التزاماته‬،‫ إذا تم السعي وراءها‬،‫ ينشأ تضارب المصالح عندما تؤدي المصلحة‬- There are two types of conflicts of interest: actual conflicts of interest and potential conflicts of interest [FALSE] CORRECTION: three types (actual, potential, perceived) ‫ هناك نوعين من تضارب المصالح وهما تضارب المصالح الفعلي وتضارب المصالح المحتمل‬- In order to avoid conflicts of interest, you must follow company policy [True].‫ لكي تتجنب تضارب المصالح يجب ان تتبع سياسة الشركة‬- Asking your coworker or manager increases the chance of a conflict of interest. [FALSE] CORRECTION: it decreases the chance of a conflict of interest..‫ سؤال زميلك في العمل أو مديرك يزيد من فرصة حدوث تضارب المصالح‬- people can (reasonably) object to company policy. [True].‫ يمكن لألفراد االعتراض (بشكل معقول) على سياسة الشركة‬- The right of professional conscience is the right to refuse to engage in unethical behavior. [True].‫ حق الضمير المهني هو الحق في رفض االنخراط في سلوك غير أخالقي‬- Whistleblower is the employee's action by informing senior management of unethical or illegal behavior by the employer or supervisor. [True] ‫ كاشف الفساد هو تصرف الموظف بإبالغ اإلدارة العليا بالسلوك غير األخالقي او غير القانوني من قبل صاحب العمل او‬-.‫المشرف‬ There are two types of whistleblowers (internal and external). [True].)‫ خارجي‬،‫ يوجد نوعين من كاشف الفساد (داخلي‬- The whistleblower must be in a clear position to report the problem. [True].‫ يجب ان يكون كاشف الفساد في وضع واضح لإلبالغ عن المشكلة‬- A whistleblower must report if there is clear and significant harm that could be avoided if he reported. [True].‫ يجب على كاشف الفساد اإلبالغ في حالة وجود ضرر واضح ومهم يمكن تجنبه في حالة اإلبالغ‬-  Commitment to ethical behavior and mandatory ethical training for all employees contributes to eradicating corruption. [True].‫ االلتزام بالسلوك االخالقي والتدريب األخالقي اإللزامي لجميع الموظفين يساهم في محو الفساد‬- All employees should have genuine access to high-level managers in order to raise their concerns. [True].‫ يجب أن يتمتع جميع الموظفين بوصول حقيقي إلى المديرين رفيعي المستوى من أجل عرض مخاوفهم‬- Having clear lines of communication within the company is one of the steps to reduce the whistleblowing risks. [True].‫ وجود خطوط اتصال واضحة داخل الشركة من خطوات تقليل مخاطر اإلبالغ عن المخالفات‬- Whistleblowing is the action taken by an employee to inform the public or senior management about inappropriate behavior by the employer or administration. [True] ‫الكشف عن الفساد هو اإلجراء الذي يتخذه الموظف إلبالغ الجمهور أو اإلدارة العليا عن السلوك غير المناسب من قبل صاحب‬ ‫العمل أو اإلدارة‬. Reporting a problem to higher management within the company is an example of external whistleblowing. [False] ‫اإلبالغ عن مشكلة لإلدارة العليا داخل الشركة هو مثال على الكشف الخارجي عن الفساد‬. CORRECTION: internal whistleblowing An acknowledged whistleblower is an employee who puts his name behind the accusations and is willing to resist the scrutiny his accusations provoke. [True] ‫الكاشف المعترف به للفساد هو الموظف الذي يضع اسمه خلف االتهامات ويكون على استعداد لمقاومة التدقيق الذي تثيره‬ ‫اتهاماته‬. External whistleblowing occurs when an employee goes outside the company and reports irregularities to newspapers or law enforcement authorities. [True] ‫يحدث الكشف الخارجي عن الفساد عندما يخرج الموظف خارج الشركة ويبلغ عن المخالفات للصحف أو السلطات القانونية‬. An anonymous whistleblower is an employee who refuses to reveal his name when bringing charges. [True] ‫الكاشف المجهول عن الفساد هو الموظف الذي يرفض الكشف عن اسمه عند توجيه االتهامات‬. Whistleblowing to the public should be a first resort rather than a last resort. [False] ‫يجب أن يكون الكشف عن الفساد للعامة المالذ األول وليس األخير‬ CORRECTION: public whistleblowing should be the last resort The proximity principle in whistleblowing states that the whistleblower must be in a clear position to report the problem. [True]  ‫تنص قاعدة القرب في الكشف عن الفساد على أن الكاشف يجب أن يكون في موقف واضح لإلبالغ عن المشكلة‬ Clear lines of communication within the company are not important for effective whistleblowing. [False] ‫خطوط االتصال الواضحة داخل الشركة ليست مهمة للكشف الفعال عن الفساد‬ LECTURE 5 1) The Egyptian Engineers Syndicate is considered the representative body for Egyptian engineers and serves as an advisory body to the state in its field of specialization. True 2) Enhancing the scientific and professional level of engineers is not one of the main objectives of the Engineers Syndicate. False 3) Regulating the practice of engineering and overseeing the implementation of their work are within the jurisdiction of the Engineers Syndicate. True 4) The Engineers Syndicate works to contribute to the study of economic development plans and industrial and engineering projects. True 5) The Engineers Syndicate works on fostering a spirit of brotherhood and cooperation among its members, enhancing their levels in engineering. True 6) The Engineers Syndicate works on collaborating with internal and external engineering organizations to strengthen ties, and share experiences. True 7) The Engineers Syndicate works on promoting engineering awareness and regulating supervision over engineering offices and consulting firms. True 8) One condition for membership in the Engineers Syndicate is to possess a bachelor's degree in engineering from an Egyptian university or an equivalent degree recognized by the Supreme Council of Universities.True 9) Being a citizen of the Arab Republic of Egypt is a condition for accepting membership in the syndicate. True 10) The syndicate's council may accept the membership of an individual who is not a citizen of Egypt from countries where membership conditions are met, provided that reciprocity is applied. True 11) One condition for accepting an engineer's membership in the syndicate is that they have not been convicted of a criminal offense affecting honor or trust unless their reputation has been restored in both cases. True 12) Within one year or more from the date of registration, a syndicate member must take a professional oath before a committee of members elected by the syndicate council. False after thirty days 13) The Engineer Syndicate member may perform any act contrary to the dignity of the profession. False 14) The Engineer Syndicate member may take preventive measures against another member because of a work of related to the profession without obtaining the written permission of the union council of the Syndicate. False 15) The Syndicate's literary authorities have a role in the prosecution of members who have committed matters that are contrary to their honor or the dignity of the profession. True 16) It is the right of the syndicate to punish members who have committed acts detrimental to honor by revoking their memberships. True 17) The syndicate has the right to punish members who have committed acts detrimental to honor by suspending them from work for a period exceeding one year. False not exceeding. 18) Professional ethics are the rules governing human behavior and govern his actions that emanate from him. True 19) Professional ethics consist of a set of ethical rules and behaviors that accompany the professional in his work towards his work, society, and himself. True 20. The main message of the Arab Engineers Union is that the Arab engineer works, progresses, and excels in a stimulating and safe environment with high professional ethics. False The vision 21 The main vision of the Union of Arab Engineers is that the leadership of engineering professional work with the best professional and ethical practices is governed by pillars and constants. FALSE The message error 22. Integrity, honesty, professionalism, competence, neutrality, and objectivity are not among the values of the Arab Engineers Union. False 23. Charter of Ethics of the Engineering Profession is a document setting out the ethical and professional behavioral standards required of engineers in their work. True 24. The engineer is the registered member of the accredited engineering body of his country and practices the profession of engineering. True 25. Engineers have the right to distinguish among customers on the basis of race, gender, religion, origin or geographical affiliation. Wrong 26. The engineer must engage in fair competition with colleagues, showing appreciation and respect for differing opinions, avoiding fanaticism or belittling others' viewpoints. True 27. The engineer has the right to publicly criticize the work of others and resort to defamation and challenge colleagues or their work. False 28. Science, knowledge and engineering standards are the final judgment in the event of technical differences. True 29. The engineer has the right to accept the contract for any project contracted with another engineer. False 30. The engineer must respect the employment contract and the policies and instructions of the organization and the directives of his superiors. True 31. The engineer has the right to disclose information and data about the organization if it is prepared by him. Wrong 32. Providing work sincerely and honestly and not exploiting the institution for special benefit is one of the duties of the engineer with the organization in which he works. True 33. The engineer must be ethical in resolving any dispute with the institution in which he works. True 34. The engineer has the right to use the work or use its facilities or equipment outside the scope of the organization's work without special permission. False 35. The engineer can obtain any personal benefit as a result of dealing with other companies that deal with his company. False 36. The relationship between the engineer and the customer must be built on trust, honesty, and providing distinguished service, so the employer sees its positive impact. True 37. The engineer must keep the information and data related to the engineering service applicant confidential and not disclose it. True 38. The engineer must deal honestly and transparently with the engineering service applicant and not make promises that cannot be applied. True 39. The engineer must be careful and honest in clarifying everything related to the work provided to the customer. True 40. The engineer must provide services in his field of specialization only. True 41. The engineer must not infringe on the intellectual property of others. True 42. Applying codes and legislation related to the environment and occupational health and safety is the duties of the engineer. True 43. Any violations of laws, provisions of engineering professions, building provisions and codes must be reported to the concerned authorities. True 44. The rights and development of workers must be respected, and their efforts appreciated. True LEC (6) 1. It is not permitted to issue building permits for any land area unless it conforms to the planning and building requirements according to Building Law 119/2008. [TRUE[ ‫ ال يصرح بإصدار تراخيص بناء اي قطعة ارض اال اذا كان مطابقا لالشتراطات التخطيطية والبنائية طبقا‬.1 ‫لقانون البناء‬ 2. According to Building Law 119/2008, the minimum net internal height of the floor is 3.5 meters ]FALSE [ Correction: 2.7 m ‫ متر‬3.5 ‫ يكون الحد االدنى لصافي االرتفاع الداخلي للطابق‬.2 3. It is permissible to create a protrusion on the facade of a building on the ground floor, while the distance between the protrusion and the level of the sidewalk surface is 2 meters] according to Building Law 119/200. FALSE [ Correction: the distance must not be less than 2.5 meters ‫ يجوز عمل بروز في واجهة مبنى في الدور االرضي في حين ان المسافة بين البروز ومنسوب سطح الرصيف‬.3 ‫ متر‬2 ‫هي‬ 4. According to Building Law 119/2008It, is not necessary to adhere to the Egyptian Code of Fire & safety to protect facilities from fire hazards in residential buildings if the height of the floor level of the highest floor of the building does not exceed 16 meters from the street level.] TRUE[ ‫ ال يجب االتزام بتطبيق احكام الكود المصري السس التصميم واشتراطات التنفيذ لحماية المنشئات من اخطار الحريق في‬.4 ‫متر من منسوب الشارع‬16 ‫المباني السكنية اذا كان ارتفاع منسوب ارضية اعلى طابق بالمبنى ال يزيد عن‬ 5. If the floor area of a residential building is less than 400 square meters, the Egyptian Code of Fire & safety may not be applied according to Building Law 119/2008.] TRUE[  ‫‪.5‬اذا كانت مساحة الطابق في المباني السكنية اقل من ‪ 400‬متر يمكن عدم تطبيق احكام الكود المصري السس‬ ‫التصميم واشتراطات التنفيذ لحماية المنشئات من اخطار الحريق‬ ‫‪6. It is not necessary to adhere to the Egyptian Code of Fire & safety in residential‬‬ ‫‪buildings if the drop in the basement floor level does not exceed 3 meters from the‬‬ ‫[‪street level according to Building Law 119/2008.] TRUE‬‬ ‫‪.6‬ال يجب االتزام بتطبيق احكام الكود المصري السس التصميم واشتراطات التنفيذ لحماية المنشئات من اخطار الحريق‬ ‫في المباني السكنية اذا كان انخفاض منسوب ارضية البدروم ال يزيد عن ‪ 3‬امتار من منسوب الشارع‬ ‫‪7. According to Building Law 119/2008In, administrative and professional buildings, if‬‬ ‫‪the ground level of the highest floor of the building does not exceed 4 meters from‬‬ ‫‪the street level, it is possible not to adhere to the Egyptian Code of Fire & safety.‬‬ ‫[‪]TRUE‬‬ ‫‪.7‬في مباني االشغاالت االدارية والمهنية اذا كان منسوب ارضية اعلى طابق بالمبنى ال يزيد عن ‪ 4‬امتار من منسوب‬ ‫الشارع يمكن عدم االلتزام بتطبيق اجكام الكود المصري السس التصميم و اشتراطات التنفيذ لحماية المنشئات من اخطار‬ ‫الحريق‬ ‫‪8. In administrative and professional buildings, if the floor area is less than 400‬‬ ‫‪square meters, the Egyptian Code of Fire & safety may not be applied according to‬‬ ‫[ ‪Building Law 119/2008.] FALSE‬‬ ‫‪Correction: 200 square meters‬‬ ‫‪.8‬في المباني اإلدارية والمهنية إذا كانت المساحة الطابقية أقل من ‪ 400‬متر مربع ال يجب تطبيق أحكام الكود المصري‬ ‫ألسس التصميم واشتراطات التنفيذ لحماية المنشآت من أخطار الحريق‬ ‫‪9. In administrative and professional buildings, if the drop in the basement floor level‬‬ ‫‪does not exceed 3 meters from the street level, it is not necessary to adhere to the‬‬ ‫[‪Egyptian Code of Fire & safety according to Building Law 119/2008.] TRUE‬‬ ‫‪.9‬في مباني االشغاالت االدارية والمهنية اذا كان انخفاض منسوب ارضية البدروم ال يزيد عن ‪ 3‬امتار من منسوب‬ ‫الشارع ال يجب االتزام بتطبيق احكام الكود المصري السس التصميم و اشتراطات التنفيذ لحماية المنشئات من اخطار‬ ‫الحريق‬ ‫‪10. the Egyptian Code of Fire & safety must be applied in the case of expansions or‬‬ ‫[‪elevations according to Building Law 119/2008. ]..TRUE‬‬ ‫يجب تطبيق أحكام الكود المصري ألسس التصميم واشتراطات التنفيذ لحماية المنشآت من أخطار الحريق في حالة‬ ‫التوسعات او التعليات‬ ‫‪11. The license applicant is obligated to provide designated places to park cars are‬‬ ‫‪proportional to the purpose of the building, in accordance with the requirements‬‬ ‫‪Planning of the area and provisions of the garage Egyptian Code according to‬‬ ‫[‪Building Law 119/2008.] TRUE‬‬ ‫‪.10‬يلتزم طالب الترخيص بتوفير أماكن مخصصة إليواء السيارات يتناسب عددها والمساحة الالزمة لها وتصميمها مع‬ ‫الغرض من المبنى وذلك وفقا لالشتراطات التخطيطية للمنطقة وأحكام كود الجراجات في الكود المصرى الشتراطات‬ ‫األمان للمنشآت‬ ‫المتعددة األغراض‬ 12. the garage Egyptian Code must be applied for buildings whose built up area is less than 250 square meters [FALSE] Correction: more than 250 square metres ‫ كود الجراج في الكود المصري الشتراطات السالمة للمنشآت يجب تطبيق المباني متعددة األغراض على المباني‬.11 ‫ متر مربع‬250 ‫التي تقل مساحة بنائها عن‬ 13. According to Building Law 119/2008, an insurance applicant pays insurance in exchange for 2% of the requirements of the required system, specializing in what may require expenses and requirements, such as removing or correcting the violation in addition to road occupancy [FALSE] Correction: 0.2% ‫ من متطلبات النظام المطلوب ويتخصص فيما قد‬%2 ‫يقوم طالب التأمين بدفع التأمين مقابل‬ ‫يتطلب مصاريف ومتطلبات مثل إزالة المخالفة أو تصحيحها باإلضافة إلى إشغال الطريق‬ 14. It isn’t obligatory for the engineer of the competent administrative authority to inspect the site and review its position Through the data held by the administrative body [FALSE] Correction: The engineer of the competent administrative authority must inspect the site and review its position Through the data held by the administrative body ‫ال يلزم مهندس الجهة اإلدارية المختصة بمعاينة الموقع ومراجعة وضعه من خالل البيانات الموجودة لدى الجهة‬.13 ‫اإلدارية‬ 15. All engineering drawings must include the following data (The name of the project &owner& the address of the site, name & address of the designing engineer, drawing scale, Date the drawing was prepared, Plate title and number).] TRUE[ ‫ اسم وعنوان‬،‫يجب أن تتضمن جميع الرسومات الهندسية البيانات التالية (اسم المشروع ومالكه وعنوان الموقع‬.14 )‫ عنوان اللوحة ورقمها‬،‫ تاريخ إعداد الرسم‬،‫ مقياس الرسم‬،‫المهندس المصمم‬ 16. The engineer supervising the implementation doesn’t need to keep a copy of the drawings Before and after each modification according to Building Law 119/2008. [FALSE] Correction: The engineer supervising the implementation must keep a copy of the drawings Before and after each modification for reference when needed ‫ال يحتاج المهندس المشرف على التنفيذ إلى االحتفاظ بنسخة من الرسومات قبل وبعد كل تعديل‬ 17. The engineer supervising the implementation doesn’t need to keep a copy of the drawings Before and after each modification. [FALSE] Correction: The engineer supervising the implementation must keep a copy of the drawings Before and after each modification for reference when needed ‫ال يحتاج المهندس المشرف على التنفيذ إلى االحتفاظ بنسخة من الرسومات قبل وبعد كل تعديل‬.21 18. according to Building Law 119/2008, the license application shall be submitted to the administrative authority on the form attached to these regulations by the  engineer accompanied by (Documents proving ownership of the land, copy of the national ID card of the person in whose name the license will be issued)] TRUE] ‫يقدم طلب الترخيص إلى الجهة اإلدارية على النموذج المرفق بهذه الالئحة من قبل المهندس مصحوبا بـ (المستندات‬.22 )‫ صورة من بطاقة الرقم القومي للشخص الذي سيصدر الترخيص باسمه‬،‫التي تثبت ملكية األرض‬ 19. It is obligatory the presence of the owner himself, in whose name the project license will be issued, to authorize or submit an official power of attorney in his name or his representative to the engineer or engineering office to proceed with the procedures for obtaining the license according to Building Law 119/2008. ]TRUE] ‫يجب حضور المالك نفسه الذي سيتم إصدار ترخيص المشروع باسمه لتوكيل أو تقديم توكيل رسمي باسمه أو من ينوب عنه‬ ‫إلى المهندس أو المكتب الهندسي لمتابعة إجراءات الحصول على الرخصه‬ Chapter 7 Question 1: Contract is two wills agree to produce legal effect. Answer: True Question 2: The subject matter of the contract is the illegal process that the parties agree to achieve such as sale and rent. Answer: False Correction: legal Question 3: Pillars of the contract involve satisfaction, the subject matter, and the reason. Answer: True Question 4: The subject of obligation is the performance that the debtor must make for the benefit of the creditor. Answer: True Question 5: If one of the Pillars of the contract fails, the contract will be absolutely void and it is considered legally non-existent. Answer: True Question 6: In case the contract failed in one the conditions of validity, the invalidity is absolute. Answer: False Correction: relative Question 7: The effect of the ruling of invalidity means contracting parties will return to the state they were in before the contract was concluded. Answer: True Question 8: An employer’s obligations involve completion of the work subject to the contract. Answer: False Correction: contractor’s obligations Question 9: Contractors’ obligations involve payment of wages. Answer: False Correction: Employer’s obligations Question 10: Employer’s obligations involve guarantee of work after delivery. Answer: False Correction: contractor’s obligations Question 11: An employer’s obligations involve enabling the contractor to complete the work. Answer: True Question 12: One of the contractor’s obligations is completion of the work subject to the work. Answer: True Question 13: Handing over the work after completion: The contractor is not obliged to hand over the work directly to the employer after completion. Answer: False Question 14: Warranty of the work after delivery: The contractor undertakes to guarantee defects and deficiencies. Answer: True Question 15: Civil law allows for the immediate termination of the contract without setting a deadline if the fixing of the defect or the method of its implementation is impossible. Answer: True Question 16: If a contractor is found to be working defectively or against the contract, the employer can require them to fix it within a specified reasonable period. Answer: True Question 17: If the contractor does not correct the defectively method within the specified period, the employer Either terminate the contract or hire another contractor to complete the work at the first contractor's expense. Answer: True Question 18: The architect and contractor are jointly liable for any total or partial demolition of buildings or fixed facilities they constructed within ten years, even if the demolition is due to a defect in the soil. Answer: True Question 19: The period of ten years begins from the time the work is received, Answer: True Question 20: The employer must help the contractor is required to carry out the work, such as submitting the design and obtaining the license the matter relates to carrying out construction. Answer: True Question 21: Upon completion, the employer commits to inspect, examine, and accept the work if satisfactory, as per the contractor's commitment to deliver it. Answer: True Question 22: Payment of the wage is due upon receipt of the work, unless custom or agreement stipulates otherwise. Answer: True Question 23: Contractor can inform employer of price increase if it's necessary to significantly exceed estimated quantities to execute agreed design. Answer: True Question 24: The employer can rescind the contract and suspend performance if the excess required to execute the design exceed the estimated quantities. Answer: True Question 25: The employer can rescind the contract and suspend the work if the excess required to execute the design exceed the estimated quantities. Answer: True Question 26: A contractor is obligated to provide a 5-year warranty against defects, starting from the handover date of the work. Answer: False Question 27: An employer should (reject) work due to minor imperfections. Answer: False Correction: accept Question 28: During the warranty period, the contractor is responsible for fixing any defects discovered at no extra cost to the employer. Answer: True Question 29: An employer can seek compensation from the contractor for damages caused by defects in the work, only if they can prove the defects caused the damage. Answer: True Question 30: An employer can terminate the contract and suspend work if the additional work required is large. Answer: True Question 31: The employer is obligated to pay the contractor for any additional work required to complete the project according to the agreed-upon design. Answer: True Question 32: The contractor is responsible for fixing any defects that appear during the warranty period, without any additional cost to the employer. Answer: True Question 33: The construction contract terminates upon the death of the contractor if his personal qualifications were a factor in the contract. Answer: True Question 34: The employer can terminate the contracting in case of the death of the contractor only if the contractor's heirs do not provide sufficient guarantees for the proper execution of the work. Answer: True Question 35: The employer can terminate the contracting in case of the death of the contractor only if the contractor's heirs do not provide sufficient guarantees for the proper execution of the work. Answer: True Question 36: In the case of the contractor's death, the employer can request delivery of prepared materials and pay for work begun, provided fair compensation is given. Answer: True  LECTURE (8) 1. FIDIC is tasked with promoting and implementing the strategic objectives of the engineering consulting industry and disseminating relevant information and resources to its members. (TRUE) 2. The Vision of FIDIC is Promoting quality and integrity in the engineering consulting industry. (FALSE) (Enabling the development of a sustainable world) 3. The Mission of FIDIC is Empowering members to contribute to a better world. (TRUE) 4. The core Values of FIDIC are Quality, Integrity, Sustainability. (TRUE) 5. FIDIC consists of: VISION, MISSION and VALUES. (TRUE) 6. "Employer" or "Recipient" is referred to as The person named in Part II of the contract, and their legal successors, but not any assignee without consent. (TRUE) 7. The "Contractor" is any person or entity named as such in Part II of the contract, and their legal successors. (FALSE) (The person whose tender has been accepted by the Employer) 8. "Subcontractor" is considered any person named in the Contract as a potential contractor for future works according to the contract. (FALSE) (Any person or entity named in the Contract as a Subcontractor for a part of the Works, with the consent of the Engineer) 9. "Engineer" according to the contract is any consulting office or engineering office authorized by the Contractor. (FALSE) (The person appointed by the Employer to act as Engineer for the purposes of the Contract) 10. "Tender “is the definition of the priced offer submitted by the contractor to the employer for the execution and completion of the works. (TRUE) 11. "Specifications" are the specification of the Works included in the Contract, approved by the Engineer. (TRUE) 12. In the design and build arrangement, Contractor is directly responsible for coordinating the services of both designers and subcontractors. (TRUE) 13. In the traditional arrangement of contracting, Other Consultant is directly responsible for both hiring designers and contractors. (FALSE) (Employer) 14. Faster construction time is one of the advantages of the Design and Build approach. (TRUE) 15. Reduced control of design and quality for the employer is a disadvantage of the Design and Build method. (TRUE) 16. The Design and Build method not ideal for complex projects because the contractor designs and builds based on price. (TRUE) 17. Certainty in pricing ensures that the contractor can buy materials and components at a predetermined fixed price that is competitive and beneficial. (TRUE) 18. When preparing tenders, the contractor's construction timeline should be clearly specified. (FALSE) (The responsibility for design) 19. Standard form of contract should be used when preparing tenders. (TRUE) 20. In Design and Build tenders, prepare their proposals is essential for bidders to have enough time to do. (TRUE) 21. The bidding terms should be clear to help the contractor decide on material quality. (FALSE) (To ensure all tenders are presented on the same basis) 22. Employer's requirements are part of the major documents in Design and Build contracts. (TRUE) 23. One of the factors for choosing a FIDIC form of contract is projects that involve multiple designers. (FALSE) (Simple or repetitive work with relatively small value) 24. When the contractor is responsible for most of the design, Standard contract is suitable. (FALSE) (FIDIC form of contract) 25. Public infrastructure project involves the use of a FIDIC form of contract. (TRUE) 26. The Orange Book and Yellow Book are both part of the FIDIC Conditions of Contract and each contains 20 clauses. (TRUE) 27. The Yellow Book, is primarily for Plant and D&B Contract. (TRUE) 28. The orange Book, is primarily for D&B and Turnkey Contracts. (TRUE) 29. In the Design and Build contract mentioned in the case study, Employer's Requirements document takes precedence over the others in case of a conflict. (TRUE) ‫ تكون وثيقة متطلبات صاحب العمل لها األسبقية عىل الوثائق‬،‫يف عقد التصميم والبناء المذكور يف الدراسة‬.‫األخرى يف حالة وجود تعارض‬ 30. According to FIDIC 1995 Turnkey and Design-Build contracts, if a discrepancy is identified between the contractor's proposal and the employer's requirements, the contract is terminated. (FALSE) (The employer's requirements take precedence) 31. If Etapa delays payment to Orascom, receiving monthly financing changes on unpaid amounts option is available to Orascom. (TRUE) 32. Oral instructions provided by the employer’s representative should be followed without any written confirmation. (FALSE) (with) 33. The contract specifies that written communication is required for notices and instructions, unless stated otherwise. (TRUE) 34. FIDIC 1995 Turnkey and Design-Build contracts (Orange Book) allow payment for materials stored off-site. (FALSE) (inside-site)