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---------- Research process begins with: A: Identification of research problem B: Research design C: Collection of data D: Report writing ---------- Descriptive research is... A: observation of phenomena to provide an explanation of its mechanism B: examines relationships between variables statistic...

---------- Research process begins with: A: Identification of research problem B: Research design C: Collection of data D: Report writing ---------- Descriptive research is... A: observation of phenomena to provide an explanation of its mechanism B: examines relationships between variables statistically C: changing variable values to determine relationships between them D: observing the effects of one variable to another varying variable ---------- ………… research is an in-depth study of a particular phenomenon. A: Descriptive B: Correlational C: Qualitative D: Quantitative ---------- This type of research aims to find applications for the theories or create a product employing the existing idea or theory. A: Basic research B: Applied research C: Qualitative research D: Quantitative research ---------- The Characteristic of research that should means follow a step by step procedure is called: A: Systematic B: Specific C: Clean and clear D: Empirical ---------- The Characteristics of research that it should be based on proven scientific methods is called: A: Systematic B: Specific C: Clean and clear D: Empirical Solution ---------- Using someone else's work to help you without their permission is: A: periodical B: plagiarism C: research D: cite ---------- Is this a case of plagiarism? A researcher puts her name on a quotation of Shakespeare A: YES B: NO ---------- Ahmed meant to cite his sources, but he forgot. Is this an example of plagiarism? A: YES B: NO ---------- Is this a case of plagiarism? In Aia's assignment, she carefully expressed the ideas of the author and wrote the author's name. A: YES B: NO ---------- Is this a case of plagiarism? After reading a selection, Mohamed correctly wrote the contents of the selection and cited the author. A: YES B: NO ---------- The discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation is called A: Quantitative data collection B: Research plan C: Research ethics D: Plagiarism ---------- ………… refers to the act of using another person's ideas, words, processes, and results without giving due credit. A: Research ethics B: Interview C: observation D: Plagiarism ---------- Paraphrasing is... A: Copying the text B: Saying whatever I want after reading C: Putting information that I read into my own words D: examines relationships between variables statistically ---------- When should you cite a source? A: each time you write an idea that is your own B: each time you write a fact or idea that's not your own C: each time you write a word that a reader may not know D: each time you include your own photo or drawing ---------- Why is it important to cite your sources? A: You will get arrested if you don't B: Your teacher requires it C: It gives credit to your source D: All the these ---------- If you find a great website as a source for your English project, which of the following is true? A: You can copy and paste the text, but not the images, into your report B: You can't use any of the information on the site without permission C: You can use information on the site as long as you cite it properly D: You don't have to cite your source if you only use short quotations ---------- Plagiarism is.......... A: Using my own words to express another's ideas B: A game played in England C: Citing my source and giving credit to that author D: Copying someone else's work and passing it off as my own ---------- How do you show that a sentence is a quote from another source? A: underline it B: put it in boldface C: put it in italics D: surround it with quotation marks ---------- If you quote directly from a source, what do you need to do? A: Put quotes around the copied text B: Put the copied text in italics C: Make the quote bold D: Start a new paragraph ---------- What do we call data that are used for a new study but which were collected by an earlier researcher? A: Secondary data B: Field notes C: Qualitative data D: Primary data ---------- One advantage of using a questionnaire over an Interview in: A: Probe questions can be asked B: Respondents can be put at ease between questions C: Interview bias can be avoided D: Response rates are always high ---------- Interviewing is the favored approach EXCEPT when: A: There is a need for highly personalized data B: It is important to ask supplementary questions C: High numbers of respondents are needed D: Respondents have difficulty with written language ---------- What are the two types of research data? A: Organized and unorganized data B: Qualitative and Quantitative data C: Interview and observation data D: None of these ---------- Which of the following is true about secondary data? A: Secondary data must be suitable. B: Secondary data must be reliable. C: Secondary data must be adequate. D: All of these ---------- Which of the following is a method of collecting primary data? A: Observation method B: Interview method C: Questionnaires method D: All of these ---------- Structured observation is appropriate in case of: A: Analytical studies B: Descriptive studies C: Fundamental studies D: Experimental studies ---------- The search for answers to research questions is called collection of: A: Data B: Information C: Forms D: Schedules ---------- Primary data can be collected through: A: Experiment B: Survey C: Experiment and Survey D: None of these ---------- What can we use to gather secondary data? A: Newspapers B: Web sites C: books D: All of these ---------- What are secondary data sources? A: Interview session with the sample B: Any data gained from a survey or questionnaires C: Publications, government documents, brochures, newsletters, annual reports D: All of these ---------- At school we use textbooks to learn about the history? When we use textbooks, what are we using? A: Primary Source B: Secondary Source C: Scientific research D: All other answers are not correct ---------- ___________ data need to be adjusted to suit the objective of study in hand A: Primary B: Secondary C: Both (a) and (b) D: None of these ---------- _________________________ is a set of information collected about people or things: A: data B: statistical question C: plan D: all the other answers ---------- Data collected from "The IEEE journals" is A: Primary data B: Secondary data C: Both (a) and (b) D: none of these ---------- Primary data is preferred over secondary data where: A: Time available is short B: Accuracy is important C: Sufficient finance is not available D: Much accuracy is not required ---------- The main sources of data are: A: Primary B: Secondary C: Primary and Secondary D: Neither (a) nor (b) ---------- Which of the following is not a method of primary data collection? A: Direct personal investigation B: Collection of information through questionnaire C: Indirect oral investigation D: Reports of committees and commissions ---------- Which data is more cost? A: Primary data B: Secondary data C: Low data D: High data ---------- Sources of Data Collection A: Interview and observation B: Questionnaires and survey C: Primary sources and secondary sources D: Books and journal ---------- What is secondary sources? A: Interview session with the sample B: Data collect from an experiment C: Any data gained from a survey or questionnaires D: Publications, government documents, brochures, newsletters, annual reports ---------- Which of these is not data? A: Words B: Numbers C: Shoes D: Words and numbers ---------- Which method of collection of data covers the widest area? A: Telephone interview method B: Mailed questionnaire method C: direct interview method D: All of these ---------- A good questionnaire should have: A: minimum questions B: concise C: clear D: All of these ---------- The quickest method to collect primary data is: A: Direct Personal Investigation B: Indirect Oral Investigation C: Telephone Interview D: Mailed Questionnaire Method ---------- Primary data is available in the form of published or unpublished reports: A: True B: False ---------- What is First-hand data A: Primary B: Secondary C: Both A and B D: None of these ---------- Which of these is NOT an example of a secondary source? A: Newspaper articles B: Diary Notes C: Databank D: Textbook ---------- Your parents describe how your great-grandfather came to the city where you live: A: Primary Sources B: Secondary Sources C: Both A and B D: All other answers are not correct ---------- What is a form containing a set of questions related with the field of enquiry called? A: Questionnaire B: Interview C: Secondary data D: Observation ---------- What is primary data? A: The researcher collects the data by conducting an inquiry based on first- hand information B: The researcher collects processed and tabulated data from some external source C: The researcher collects the data from government reports D: The researcher collects the data from documents or newspapers ---------- A photograph is an example of a A: Questionnaire B: Secondary Source C: Primary Source D: None of these ---------- What can we use to gather primary data? A: Surveys B: Interviews C: Drawings D: All of these ---------- Which of the following an open ended question in a questionnaire? A: Have you ever tried basketball? B: Would you like to try basketball? C: What would encourage and motivate you to try basketball? D: Would you consider basketball if there were free lessons? ---------- What is the first step in the critical thinking process? A: Gather information B: Apply information C: Understand the problem D: Analyzing data ---------- How can critical thinking improve your chances of making better choices? A: It gives the ability to ascertain whether an assumption, news, or idea is true or not B: It helps you to read extensively about the scientific topic to be addressed C: It makes you able to collect data D: It make you able to prepare interviews well ---------- You use critical thinking skills in everyday life: A: True B: False ---------- Which one is NOT a critical thinking skills? A: Analysis B: Problem Solving C: Close-mindedness D: Inference ---------- Does technology play a role in critical thinking process? A: True B: False ---------- How does a teacher improve critical thinking in the classroom? A: Encourage students to sit silently at all times B: Always gives them the right solutions C: Encourage students to think for themselves D: All the other answers are correct ---------- If you have a bowl with six apples and you take four, how many do you have? A: 2 apples B: 4 apples C: 6 apples D: 10 apples ---------- If you only had a match and entered a dark room that contains an oil-lamp, wood and a newspaper, what would you light first? A: the oil-lamp B: the wood C: the match D: the newspaper ---------- If an electric train moves north at 160km / h and a 16km / h wind blows west, where does the train smoke go? A: From north to south B: from south to north C: upwards D: there is no smoke ---------- Which word in the dictionary is spelled incorrectly? A: Dictionary B: Phenomenon C: Entrepreneur D: Incorrectly ---------- Which option is NOT a quality of a Critical Thinker? A: Active Thinker B: Good Analysts C: Well inference D: Active Talker ---------- Which situations can critical thinking help? A: School related B: Work related C: Research related D: All the other answers are correct ---------- Inference as a core critical thinking skill is to identify elements needed to draw reasonable conclusion A: True B: False ---------- Once the problem is identified, ____ become essential A: Communication skills B: Analysis skills C: Selfish thinking D: All the other answers are correct ---------- Which of the following is a barrier to critical thinking A: Communication skills B: Analysis skills C: Selfish thinking D: All the other answers are correct ---------- Which of the following is a barrier to critical thinking A: Communication skills B: Analysis skills C: Inference skills D: All the other answers are wrong ---------- Personal biases can prevent critical thinking because A: they prevent a thinker from using logic and experience to make informed decisions B: they prevent a thinker from being open-minded. C: they prevent a thinker from being fair D: All the other answers are correct ---------- Selfish thinking can be overcome by discussion and brainstorming sessions A: True B: False ---------- Which of the following is NOT a barrier to critical thinking A: Time constraints B: Intolerance C: Inference D: Social conditioning ---------- The first step in the problem-solving process is ____ A: setting and implementing goals B: defining and analyzing the problem C: monitoring and evaluating the plan D: All the other answers are wrong ---------- Problem-solving process includes defining and analyzing the problem, exploring possible solutions, and finally implement solution. A: True B: False ---------- Using figures in technical reports is: A: essential B: not essential C: according to report format D: according to author opinion ---------- Each figure within a report should have a title and a number: A: Under the figure B: Above the figure C: Inside the figure D: As you like ---------- The appendix forms a part of the: A: main text B: front matter C: conclusion D: back matter ---------- The appendix forms a part of the: A: front matter B: main text C: bibliography D: back matter ---------- Which of the following is Not an essential part of a formal report? A: Table of contents B: References C: Appendix D: None ---------- A good title is one that has the minimum possible amount of words that describe accurately the content of the section: A: True B: False ---------- The abstract of the report: A: is usually written before the rest of the report B: is usually several pages in length C: Both (A) and (B) are correct D: None of All the other answers is correct ---------- Each table within a report should have a title and a number A: Under the table B: in the first row of the table C: Above the table B: in the first column of the table ---------- The ______ analyzes the most important results from the discussion and evaluates those results in the context of the entire work A: Abstract B: Introduction C: Conclusion D: Analytical Report ---------- When visualizing the data it then becomes _______ A: data Analysis B: Numerical Data C: information D: All the other answers are correct ---------- The process of fixing or removing incorrect, corrupted, incorrectly formatted data is called A: Data Visualization B: Data Exploration C: Data cleaning D: Data preparation ---------- The abstract of the research: A: is usually written before the rest parts of the research B: is usually several pages in length C: Both (A) and (B) are correct D: None of All the other answers is correct ---------- what are data analyst skills? A: statistics B: data visualization C: Problem-Solving D: All the other answers are correct ---------- Qualitative data analysis focuses on examining _____ A: numbers B: words C: visions D: concepts ---------- If a job description mentions Excel, SQL Server, and Tableau as required skills, it most likely is for a: A: Data Engineer B: Data Translator C: Data Analyst D: AI Engineer ---------- Numeric and measurable types of data such as height, age, scores, cost are called __________ A: qualitative data B: quantitative data C: observation data D: All the other answers are correct ---------- Numerical data which represents countable items is called A: interval data (A) B: discrete data (B) C: ratio data (C) D: Both (A) and (C) ---------- Numerical data which their values are described as intervals on a real number line is called A: interval data (A) B: discrete data (B) C: ratio data (C) D: Both (A) and (C) ---------- Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) is A: interval data B: discrete data C: ratio data D: qualitative data ---------- Descriptive Statistics Methods A: are used to describe a numerical sample B: are numerical data analysis tools C: are applying mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, etc. D: All the other answers are correct ---------- Inferential Statistics methods include A: applying mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, etc B: SWOT and Conjoint analysis C: interval difference analysis D: All the other answers are correct ---------- The process of translating large data sets and metrics into charts, graphs is called A: Data Visualization B: Data Exploration C: Data cleaning D: Data preparation ---------- Which of the following is NOT a required skill for data analyst A: Data Visualization B: Data Exploration C: Data collection D: Data preparation ---------- The difference between each interval on a numerical data scale are equal A: True B: False ---------- Domain knowledge is to be specialist in things that are specific to the particular subject that the analyst work in. A: True B: False ---------- Data exploration is the process of transforming raw data prior to processing and analysis A: True B: False ---------- Adopting ethical principles in research means: A: Avoiding harm to participants B: The researcher is anonymous C: Deception is only used when necessary D: Selected informants give their consent ---------- Ethical problems can arise when researching the Internet because: A: Everyone has access to digital media B: Respondents may fake their identities C: Researchers may fake their identities D: Internet research has to be covert ---------- Qualitative research is used in all the following circumstances, EXCEPT: A: It is based on a collection of non-numerical data such as words and pictures B: It often uses small samples C: It uses the inductive method D: It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest ---------- All of the following are sources of secondary data EXCEPT: A: Official statistics B: A television documentary C: The researcher’s research diary D: A company’s annual report ---------- A disadvantage of using secondary data is that: A: The data may have been collected with reference to research questions that are not those of the researcher B: The researcher may bring more detachment in viewing the data than original researchers could muster C: Data have often been collected by teams of experienced researchers D: Secondary data sets are often available and accessible ---------- The data which are collected from the place of origin is known as: A: Primary data B: Secondary data C: Primary & Secondary D: None of these ---------- Source of data collected and compiled by others is called: A: Primary data B: Secondary data C: Primary & Secondary D: None of these ---------- Which of the following is an example of primary data? A: Book B: Journal C: News Paper D: Census Report ---------- Which of the following is an example of secondary data? A: RBI Bulletin B: Government Publication C: Committees and Commissions D: All of these ---------- The data of research is: A: Qualitative B: Quantitative C: Both Qualitative and Quantitative D: None of these ---------- Which of the following statements are true about the data in research? A: In research the data can be qualitative B: In research the data can be quantitative C: In research the data can be both qualitative & quantitative D: In research the data can be quantitative but never qualitative ---------- The data which are collected through Internet is called: A: Internal secondary data B: External secondary data C: Documentary sources D: None of the above ---------- Which of the following is not true? A: In observation method, the researcher usually collects data through observations. B: In direct personal interview, the investigator meets informants directly and collects information. C: In indirect interview the investigator collects data from informants directly. D: In structured interview pre-planned set of questions are asked in standard form ---------- Selection of appropriate method of data collection is based on: A: Nature, object and scope of study B: Availability of funds C: Time Factor D: All of these ---------- Why do you need to review the existing literature? A: To make sure you have a long list of references B: Because without it, you could never reach the required word – count C: To find out what is already known about your area of interest D: To help in your general studying ---------- The types of sources in research are ________ and _______. A: primary, secondary B: primitive, secondary C: basic, word of mouth D: experiments, gossip ---------- What is an example of a primary source? A: textbook B: academic journal C: Wikipedia site D: your observation nots ---------- Data collection is the process of ________ A: gathering and measuring information on variables of interest B: gathering and measuring books on variables of interest C: gathering and measuring newspapers on variables of interest D: gathering and measuring diaries on variables of interest ---------- The three main elements of written communication skills are: A: Structure, Style and Content B: Abstract, Conclusion, and References C: Structure, Style and References D: Abstract, Conclusion and Style ---------- The way that you write a scientific research is called: A: The ethics B: The format C: The main text D: The style ---------- The abstract is A: a summary of the whole research. B: previews the contents of the research C: should be between 100 and 200 words D: All the other answers are correct ---------- What is the first thing that you write in the report? A: Features Introduction B: Results and discussion C: Title D: Conclusion ---------- Characteristics of academic writing Not include: A: It has a formal writing style. B: It conveys information pertains to a technical subject. C: It is personal bias D: It is concise and chooses precise words. ---------- In Planning your report, you must determine the ideas to include before you define the audience A: True B: False ---------- Labeling figures in your report means: A: To put a title to each figure B: To put a number to each figure C: To put a list of figures in your report D: To put a list of figures in your report ---------- Using tables in technical reports is: A: essential B: not essential C: according to report format D: according to author opinion ---------- While Sorting and evaluating the information in a report you must? A: Make a list of all the potential topics or sections of the report. B: Remove redundant or irrelevant topics. C: Order topics based on their importance. D: Review your material. ---------- The _____ from the general to the specific A: Order of importance B: Inductive order C: Deductive order D: None of these answers ---------- The ____ from the specific to the general A: Order of importance B: Inductive order C: Deductive order D: None of these answers ---------- While planning a report, "Make a list of all the potential topics or sections of the report" is enrolled as: A: Define the problem and the purpose of the report B: Define the audience C: Determine the ideas to include D: Collect the information ---------- "Organize the information" means: A: Be sure that you have a suitable structure or outline of the report B: Review your material C: Make a list of all the potential topics or sections of the report D: Highlight key terms and ideas that relate to the purpose of the report ---------- The ____ are a very useful way to show and emphasize information in the report A: Tables B: Information C: Abstract D: Figures ---------- It is not important that you do discuss the information represented in the figures A: True B: False ---------- Each figure should have a title and a number A: True B: False ---------- The ____ of a figure should include enough information to enable the figure to be self-explanatory A: Number B: Size C: Title D: None of these answers ---------- The numbering of figures should proceed ____ A: inductive order B: chronologically C: deductive order D: order of importance ---------- The ____ can show a change in one function in relation to a change in another A: Tables B: Information C: Graphs D: Figures ---------- Figures can show a change in one function in relation to a change A: True B: False ---------- The label of the graph is always under the graph A: True B: False ----------