Bio Security Quarantine PDF

# Bio Security ## Bio Security :- - Includes policies and regulatory frameworks. - It manages risks to human, animals, and plants, and life healths. - Includes food safety practices, zoonoses, disease, pests, and GMOs. ## Essential for Sustainable Agriculture - Essential for sustainable agricu...

# Bio Security ## Bio Security :- - Includes policies and regulatory frameworks. - It manages risks to human, animals, and plants, and life healths. - Includes food safety practices, zoonoses, disease, pests, and GMOs. ## Essential for Sustainable Agriculture - Essential for sustainable agriculture and environmental protection. - Trans boundary disease - It transfers across country boundaries. - Ex: Neepa virus Africa Swine fever. ## Goals Of Bio Security - Prevent, control, and manage this lite and health, performance, and development. - Target specific sectors (Agriculture, Public health, environment). - Ensure the concepts of bio security. ## Holistics Concepts of biosecurity - Address consumer food safety aspects. - Control Zonotic diseases for public health. - Safe guards, protect terrestrial FW, marine environment. - Protect bio diversity. - Involves divers group of peoples (farmers, governments, private sectors, graduate). ## Factors Driving (Determining) Bio Security - Disease occurrence, emergence (New strains (bacterial or viral)) (drug resistance). - Economic circumstances (Political things). - Technology aspects (Changing Agricultural practices, use drone, AI, Biotechnology). - Global trade. - Human ecology. ## Stakeholders Involved in Bio Security - National - Government agencies, Government research institutes, Industries, Specialist interest groups, NGO's. - General Public. ## International Stakeholders Involved in Bio Security - Who - Cordex elimentarius commission (CEC) - World trade organization for animal health. - World organization. - FAO - World Bank. ## Biosecurity Linkages - Integrated approach. - Human, animals, plants, environment, health are inter connected, forming and integrated national bio security. - Bio security identifies hazards across sectors, hazards includes animals, plants, pathogens, contaminants, toxins, etc. ## Bio Security Determine of Impacts of Food Chain - Global trade implications. - Extensive global trade in animal feed and ingredients. - Increase the potential for bio security hazards to spread internationally. - Disease and environment. ## Risk Analysis in Bio Security - Components of risk analysis: - Risk assessments - risk associated with food, animal, plant. - Risk management - balancing scientific knowledge involves decision, health consideration, finding with life, feasibility of controls. Economic impact is. - Risk communication - disseminating (spreading) data of risk assessment decisions to be taken etc. ## Animal Health Bio Security - Animal health bio security includes scope and responsibilities, animal. - Imports, domestic usage, export overseas animal. - Veterinary administration, physically aspects. - Health and manage food safety. ## Import Controls, Supports, Preventing, Introduction of Pathogenic Hazards Through Trade in Animal Genetic Materials, Products, Feed Stuffs and Biological Products. - Concern over antibiotic resistance. - Raising concerns about antibiotic resistant bacteria that can be transmit through animals and animal products. ## Involvement of Zoonotic - Responsible for controlling disease and that can transmit between animals and humans ## Emerging Disease - Increase in geographical spread of new emerging & animal diseases necessitates -tes require stronger bio security system. ## Establishment of Disease Free Geographical Compartment (Regionalization) of Countries or Region with In Bio Security Practices - Is crucial as one of bio security practices. ## Plant Health Bio Security - Plant health bio security encompasses regulatory controls to safe guard (including wild plants) from pest and pathogens that can harm or their products. ## Types of Threats - Invasive species. - Pests. - Pathogenic species. ## Factors Influencing Pest Spread - Resistant of the plants. - Plant nutrition. - Environmental contion - Cultivation practices. - Vectors for pathogen. ## Changes in Approaches - Climate change. - Industrialization. - L Biothechnology. ## Risk Management - Establish pest - free compartment for allocating specific area for quarantine. - Exsicata risk management protocole. ## Living Modified Organism and Bio Safety - Scope involves regulating, managing, or controlling risk associated with use and release of LMO's resulting from biotechnology. - Focus on potential adverse environmental impact that could affect biodiversity conservation and sustainability use. Focus considering risk to human health. - Global release and concern. - LMO's are increasing release north wide - offering potential benefits for human well-being and economic development. - However concern arse above un-intentional advers affect on environment such as destructed of native flora and fauna, and impact on human health. - Food derived from LMO's raises safety assessment issues. ## Invasive Alien Species in Bio Security - Include efforts to introduce control or eradicate invasive alien species, the remaining eco system, habitats, or other species - Prevention of introduction is strategically prioritize over eradication, or containment once established. ## Requirement for Harmonized and Integrated Approach to Bio Security. - Knowledge dissemination (spreading) - Policy, legal framework. Communication and information exchange. - Financial states. - Risk analysis. - Human resources. - Technical resources. - Emergency prepare mess plans. - Infrastructure. ## Wild Life Bio Security - Wild life, Rodents, wild birds other animals like cats and dogs can carry disease. - Dogs carry diseases through their feet, fur, fince in their faces. ## Wild Life - Wild life can be pose significant risks to livestock by contaminating areas and exposing animals to disease through bites and direct contacts. - It is not feasible / easy to completely eliminate wild life presence. - Steps can be taken to minimize their impacts. ## Maintance - Ensure Buildings and fences are in good condition. ## Barriers and Fences - Use buried fences (to get rid od digging animals) - or concrete covers targeting burrowing animals. ## Monitoring - Keep animals, feeders, and wateres under observation for signs of wild life activities. - Ex - urine, feces, tracks. ## Secure Feed - Store feed in containers and clean up spills daily. ## Guard Animals - Employ guard animals like dogs to keep away wild animals from farm facilities. ## Rodents - Rodents can spread serious disease to livestock animals. - Ex - Lep tos pirosis - Salmonella. ## Use of Traps and Baits ## Monitoring ## Integrated Pest Management Approaches (IPM) - Ex - Cat ## Exclusion - Stopping rodents entering. ## Habitat modification. ## Sanitation ## IPM - Physical - Chemical - Biological - cats ## Pet Animals - Dogs and cats play a huge role as pet animals. - Vaccination and heath management.