Bio Security Quarantine PDF
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This document details biosecurity procedures, regulations, and analyses related to various types of risks. It covers different aspects of biosecurity and its different components, including disease occurrence and emergence, management, analyses, and human health aspects. The document emphasizes the importance of biosecurity in various sectors and outlines the scope of work for involved stakeholders.
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# Bio Security ## Bio Security :- - Includes policies and regulatory frameworks. - It manages risks to human, animals, and plants, and life healths. - Includes food safety practices, zoonoses, disease, pests, and GMOs. ## Essential for Sustainable Agriculture - Essential for sustainable agricu...
# Bio Security ## Bio Security :- - Includes policies and regulatory frameworks. - It manages risks to human, animals, and plants, and life healths. - Includes food safety practices, zoonoses, disease, pests, and GMOs. ## Essential for Sustainable Agriculture - Essential for sustainable agriculture and environmental protection. - Trans boundary disease - It transfers across country boundaries. - Ex: Neepa virus Africa Swine fever. ## Goals Of Bio Security - Prevent, control, and manage this lite and health, performance, and development. - Target specific sectors (Agriculture, Public health, environment). - Ensure the concepts of bio security. ## Holistics Concepts of biosecurity - Address consumer food safety aspects. - Control Zonotic diseases for public health. - Safe guards, protect terrestrial FW, marine environment. - Protect bio diversity. - Involves divers group of peoples (farmers, governments, private sectors, graduate). ## Factors Driving (Determining) Bio Security - Disease occurrence, emergence (New strains (bacterial or viral)) (drug resistance). - Economic circumstances (Political things). - Technology aspects (Changing Agricultural practices, use drone, AI, Biotechnology). - Global trade. - Human ecology. ## Stakeholders Involved in Bio Security - National - Government agencies, Government research institutes, Industries, Specialist interest groups, NGO's. - General Public. ## International Stakeholders Involved in Bio Security - Who - Cordex elimentarius commission (CEC) - World trade organization for animal health. - World organization. - FAO - World Bank. ## Biosecurity Linkages - Integrated approach. - Human, animals, plants, environment, health are inter connected, forming and integrated national bio security. - Bio security identifies hazards across sectors, hazards includes animals, plants, pathogens, contaminants, toxins, etc. ## Bio Security Determine of Impacts of Food Chain - Global trade implications. - Extensive global trade in animal feed and ingredients. - Increase the potential for bio security hazards to spread internationally. - Disease and environment. ## Risk Analysis in Bio Security - Components of risk analysis: - Risk assessments - risk associated with food, animal, plant. - Risk management - balancing scientific knowledge involves decision, health consideration, finding with life, feasibility of controls. Economic impact is. - Risk communication - disseminating (spreading) data of risk assessment decisions to be taken etc. ## Animal Health Bio Security - Animal health bio security includes scope and responsibilities, animal. - Imports, domestic usage, export overseas animal. - Veterinary administration, physically aspects. - Health and manage food safety. ## Import Controls, Supports, Preventing, Introduction of Pathogenic Hazards Through Trade in Animal Genetic Materials, Products, Feed Stuffs and Biological Products. - Concern over antibiotic resistance. - Raising concerns about antibiotic resistant bacteria that can be transmit through animals and animal products. ## Involvement of Zoonotic - Responsible for controlling disease and that can transmit between animals and humans ## Emerging Disease - Increase in geographical spread of new emerging & animal diseases necessitates -tes require stronger bio security system. ## Establishment of Disease Free Geographical Compartment (Regionalization) of Countries or Region with In Bio Security Practices - Is crucial as one of bio security practices. ## Plant Health Bio Security - Plant health bio security encompasses regulatory controls to safe guard (including wild plants) from pest and pathogens that can harm or their products. ## Types of Threats - Invasive species. - Pests. - Pathogenic species. ## Factors Influencing Pest Spread - Resistant of the plants. - Plant nutrition. - Environmental contion - Cultivation practices. - Vectors for pathogen. ## Changes in Approaches - Climate change. - Industrialization. - L Biothechnology. ## Risk Management - Establish pest - free compartment for allocating specific area for quarantine. - Exsicata risk management protocole. ## Living Modified Organism and Bio Safety - Scope involves regulating, managing, or controlling risk associated with use and release of LMO's resulting from biotechnology. - Focus on potential adverse environmental impact that could affect biodiversity conservation and sustainability use. Focus considering risk to human health. - Global release and concern. - LMO's are increasing release north wide - offering potential benefits for human well-being and economic development. - However concern arse above un-intentional advers affect on environment such as destructed of native flora and fauna, and impact on human health. - Food derived from LMO's raises safety assessment issues. ## Invasive Alien Species in Bio Security - Include efforts to introduce control or eradicate invasive alien species, the remaining eco system, habitats, or other species - Prevention of introduction is strategically prioritize over eradication, or containment once established. ## Requirement for Harmonized and Integrated Approach to Bio Security. - Knowledge dissemination (spreading) - Policy, legal framework. Communication and information exchange. - Financial states. - Risk analysis. - Human resources. - Technical resources. - Emergency prepare mess plans. - Infrastructure. ## Wild Life Bio Security - Wild life, Rodents, wild birds other animals like cats and dogs can carry disease. - Dogs carry diseases through their feet, fur, fince in their faces. ## Wild Life - Wild life can be pose significant risks to livestock by contaminating areas and exposing animals to disease through bites and direct contacts. - It is not feasible / easy to completely eliminate wild life presence. - Steps can be taken to minimize their impacts. ## Maintance - Ensure Buildings and fences are in good condition. ## Barriers and Fences - Use buried fences (to get rid od digging animals) - or concrete covers targeting burrowing animals. ## Monitoring - Keep animals, feeders, and wateres under observation for signs of wild life activities. - Ex - urine, feces, tracks. ## Secure Feed - Store feed in containers and clean up spills daily. ## Guard Animals - Employ guard animals like dogs to keep away wild animals from farm facilities. ## Rodents - Rodents can spread serious disease to livestock animals. - Ex - Lep tos pirosis - Salmonella. ## Use of Traps and Baits ## Monitoring ## Integrated Pest Management Approaches (IPM) - Ex - Cat ## Exclusion - Stopping rodents entering. ## Habitat modification. ## Sanitation ## IPM - Physical - Chemical - Biological - cats ## Pet Animals - Dogs and cats play a huge role as pet animals. - Vaccination and heath management.