Q1 PHARMACOLOGY PDF

· · Equivalent of 1 drop to microdrops? · · Explain Q2H on the hour · 3 or 4 microdrops · This medication-taking schedule requires the · · Equivalent of 1 ml to drops? medication to be taken at an exact timing in · 15 or 20 drops...

· · Equivalent of 1 drop to microdrops? · · Explain Q2H on the hour · 3 or 4 microdrops · This medication-taking schedule requires the · · Equivalent of 1 ml to drops? medication to be taken at an exact timing in · 15 or 20 drops every 2 hours (e.g. 8:00 am->10:00 am / 8:01 · · Equivalent of 1 liter to ml? am->9:01 am) · 1000 ml/cc · · Is there a strict standard time for HS · · Equivalent of 1 pint to ml? schedule? · 500 ml/cc · No · · Equivalent of 1 ounce to ml? · · Symbol: gtt · 30 ml/cc · Drop · · Equivalent of 1 tsp. to ml? · · What's the difference in the tubing to · 5 ml/cc determine whether 3 or 4 microdrops will be · · Equivalent of 1 tbsp. to ml/cc? given in 1 drop? · 15 ml/cc · Tubes that were made internationally (3 · · Equivalent of 1 gram to mg? microdrops) has larger hole than locally (4 · 1000 mg microdrops) made tubes · · Equivalent of 1 kg to grams? · · Symbol: ugtt/mgtt · 1000 grams · Microdrop · · Equivalent of 1 kg to pounds? · · Symbol: L · 2.2 pounds · Liter · · Abbreviation: OD · · Symbol: O · Once a day · Pint · · Abbreviation: BID · · Symbol: oz · Twice a day · Ounce · · What is the Latin word of BID? · · Symbol: tsp · Bis in die · Teaspoon · · Abbreviation: TID · · Symbol: tbsp · Three times a day · Tablespoon · · What is the Latin word for TID? · · Symbol: gm · Ter in die · Gram · · Abbreviation: QID · · Symbol: mg · Four times a day · Milligram · · Abbreviation: Q 4 hours · · Symbol: ml · Every four hours · Millilitter · · Abbreviation: RTC · · Symbol: mcg/ucg · Round-the-clock · Microgram · · Abbreviation: PRN · · Symbol: meq · As necessary/As needed · Milliequivalent · · Abbreviation: STAT · · A right to ask the patient for their name and · Immediate verify them: · · Abbreviation: Q2H on the hour · Right client · Every 2 hours on the hour · · A right to confirm that the drug/s prescribed · · Abbreviation: AC by the doctor is accurate: · Before meals · Right drug · · What is the Latin word of AC? · · A right to administer the correct dose of · Ante cebum medication: · · Abbreviation: PC · Right dose · After meals · · A right to administer the medication in a · · What is the Latin word for PC? specific/regular time (30 minutes grace period · Post cebum only): · · Abbreviation: HS · Right time · At bedtime · · A right to ensure the medication is in the · · Explain how does RTC works correct route (oral, buccal, etc.): · This medication-taking schedule has to be · Right route strictly given consistently throughout the 24H · · What does 30 minutes grace period mean? period within the prescribed interval regardless of whether the pt is asleep or awake · Taking medication within 30 minutes before · Oswald Schmiedeberg and after the scheduled time before it is · · Who introduced the concept of considered late pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of · · A right to ensure that the medication is drugs? prepared correctly and safely: · Oswald Schmiedeberg · Right drug preparation · · Who is the founder of Chemotherapy? · · Explain ratio of solute to solvent briefly in · Paul Ehrlich drug preparation · · Who is the first scientist to develop · The proportion of the solute (medication to be treatment against syphilis using organic-based dissolved) to solvent (liquid that dissolves the compund? solute) · Paul Ehrlich · · What's the difference between syrup and · · Whos is the father of Pharmacology in the suspension? Philippines? · Syrup- sweetened solution with high viscosity · Daniel de la Paz that is taken orally · · Who is the father of Philippine Pharmacy? · Suspension- solution with varying taste, not · Leon Maria Guerrero completely dissolved in a solvent (requires · · Who is the first licensed pharmacist in the shaking) that is taken either orally or applied Philippines? topically · Leon Maria Guerrero · · A right to respect the rights of the patient: · · It is the scientific study of the effects of · Right of the client to refuse drugs and chemicals on living organisms · · What should be done if the patient refuses · Pharmacology to collaborate in patient care? · · It is the art, practice, or profession of · Respect the rights of the patient. Document preparing, preserving, compounding, and the refusal in the patient's chart and let them dispensing medical drugs sign it. · Pharmacy · · A right to educate the patient about the · · The ones who is legally allowed to advise drug that would be taken (effects, side effects, patients os using specific medications adverse reaction, etc.): · Pharmacist · Right of the client to know what the drug is for · · The ones who prepare and give medications · · Right to assess the patient's condition with the guidance of pharmacist before medication to ensure that the · Pharmacy technicians medication is appropriate for the patient: · · It is how the drug circulate, reaches its site, · Right assessment metabolized, and exit (excess) the body · · A right to be motivated to create a better · Pharmacokinetics patient care outcome and effective · · It is the study of a drug's physiologic effects communication with patients: or actions(beneficial or adverse effect) · Right motivation/approach · Pharmacodynamics · · A right to determine the effects of drugs · · It is the use of drugs for the prevention, given after administering: treatment, diagnosis, and modification of · Right evauation normal functions. The clinical purpose or · · Right to record the process and al the indication for giving a drug medications given, including patient reaction: · Pharmacotherapeutics · Right documentation · · What is the term for actions that prevent · · A vital tool that documents and manages the the onset of a condition (/disease)? patient's medications to ensure safe, accurate, · Prophylaxis/Prophylactic Measure and effective medication management: · · What are the four phases the drug undergo · Medication Sheet/Medication Administration on our body? Record (MAR)/Medication Chart · * Absorption · · What is included in the Medication Sheet? · * Distribution · Patient name, age, physician, diagnosis, · * Metabolism medication name, administration schedule, · * Excretion dosage, route, frequency, RN (/SN: signed by · · What do you call the movement of the drug instructor) signature from site of administration to bloodstream? · · Who is the Father of Pharmacology? · Absorption · Rudolf Bucheim · · Who is the father of modern pharmacology? · · What is the process where the · · A single-use sealed vial made of glass or unmetabolized drug moves through blood and plastic that has a sterile medicinal solution or tissues after being absorbed? powder (made into solution) · Distribution · Ampule · · The term in which describes the · · Breaking the ampule must be near to you to biotransformation of the drug to make it easier control the pressure. Yes or No? to eliminate · No · Metabolism · · Abbreviation: PO · · The way a drug distributes affects how well · Per orem it works at its intended site of action and · · What does per orem mean? whether it causes side effects in other parts of · Oral the body. Yes or No? · · An approach of drug administration where it · Yes is the most convenient and least invasive route · · What is the process where the drug and its for the patient metabolites is removed from the body? · PO · Excretion · · What is the typical onset of an oral · · What are the possible routes for excretion? administration? · Bile, saliva, sweat, tears, and feces · 30-60 minutes · · What is the type of medicine in which the · · What is the position a patient should be active part is combined with a fluid to be when taking oral medication? Why? absorbed or taken easier? · Upright, decrease the risk of aspiration · Liquid · · A method of drug administration where the · · A type of medicine where an active medication is placed under the tounge ingredient is combined with another substance · Sub-lingual (SL) and pressed into a round or oval solid shape · · A method of drug administration where the · Tablet medication is placed between the cheek and · · What is the type of medicine where the gum medication is inside the outer shell, either in · Buccal powdered or liquid form? · · Why should we offer a drink of water when · Capsules giving the medication? · · A medication that is applied to a particular · To moisten the mouth and help with place in or on the body absorption · Topical medicine · · The patient should swallow immediately or · · What are the solid medications that enter chew the medication. Yes or No? the body through rectum, vagina, or urethra · No, the medication should dissolve completely where it dissolves to release the medication? · · Advantage of SL route for drug · Suppositories administration: · · What is the liquid medication that is · To avoid drug destruction administered through a dropper? · · Why does a drug bypasses the gastric acid, · Drops intestinal and hepatic enzymes? · · A tool where a person breathes in its mist or · Drug is absorbed by the bloodstream through spray as a form of medication mucous membrane · Inhalers · · Which onset of drug effect is quicker: SL · · A type of medicine where drugs were shot route or oral ingestion? into the body using syringe and needle · SL route · Injections · · What's the difference between the SL route · · What are the four parenteral medication and oral ingestion when taking medicine? administration? · SL route- placed under the tongue and · Intradermal (into the dermis), intravenous absorbed into the bloodstream (into the vein), subcutaneous (underneath the · Oral ingestion- medicine is swallowed passing skin/cutaneous), intramuscular (into the muscle) the GI tract · · It is a small glass/bottle/plastic vessel to · · Disadvantage of SL route: store medication, typically sealed with rubber · Interferes with eating, drinking, and talking stopper or metal cap · · Disadvantage of SL route: · Vial · Considered unsuitable for prolonged administration · · Disadvantage of SL route: · Cannot be used when the patient is uncooperative · · Refers to doing good in the best interest of the patient (do good) · Beneficence · · Refers to avoiding harm or not causing injury to the patient (do no harm) · Maleficence · · What refers to a liquid medication that can be used multiple times? · Multidose vials · · When pouring liquid medication should be at eye level. Yes or No? · Yes, to read the dose and measure the poured fluid accurately · · Rectal medication administration have a faster action than the oral route and higher bioavailability · · Does rectal administration of medicine reduces the side effects of some drugs? · Yes · · What position should a patient be when administering rectal suppositories? · Left side · · Conditions where rectal administration shouldn't be used: · After rectal or bowel surgery, rectal bleeding or prolapse, hemorrhoids, low platelet count · · How many minutes should a patient remain on the position after taking suppository? · 5 minutes · · A written report documenting the pattern of errors due to system-wide processes to prevent future errors · Incident report · · How to make an incident report: · Report is addressed to person concerned. · Include details (date, time, location of incident). · Names of witnesses and involved. · Facts, not assumptions. · Your signature.