Q. FUNDMENTAL.pdf PDF

[ Poll : What physiological property are skeletal muscle cells typically associated with? ] - a) Elasticity✓ - b) Involuntary movement - c) Synthesis of synovial fluid - d) A state of readiness to respond to a contraction stimuli [ Poll : Which type of muscle is found in the heart? ] - a) Skeletal...

[ Poll : What physiological property are skeletal muscle cells typically associated with? ] - a) Elasticity✓ - b) Involuntary movement - c) Synthesis of synovial fluid - d) A state of readiness to respond to a contraction stimuli [ Poll : Which type of muscle is found in the heart? ] - a) Skeletal - b) Smooth - c) Cardiac✓ - d) Voluntary [ Poll : What effect does regular exercise have on muscles, according to the text? ] - a) Decrease in size and function - b) Normal tension in resting muscle - c) Increase in size and strength✓ - d) Buildup of lactic acid and muscle fatigue [ Poll : What best describes the function of tendons? ] - a) Connect bones to muscles✓ - b) Enhance movement and provide joint stability - c) Provide joint strength - d) Maintain muscle tone [ Poll : Which of the following is a possible result of acute compartment syndrome? ] - a) Venous thrombo-embolism - b) Motor weakness✓ - c) Scoliosis - d) Vitamin D deficiency [ Poll : What is the major treatment for osteomalacia? ] - a) NSAID - b) Vitamin D from sunlight and certain foods✓ - c) Bone pain relief - d) Assistance devices [ Poll : What is a characteristic of Paget’s Disease of the Bone? ] - a) Decreased movement - b) Unilateral bony enlargement - c) Vitamin D deficiency - d) Bilateral bony enlargement and deformities✓ [ Poll : Which type of traction involves applying a pulling force directly to the skeleton? ] - a) Skin traction - b) Skeletal traction✓ - c) Skull traction - d) Metabolic traction [ Poll : What is the purpose of a cast in healthcare? ] - a) To provide balance between traction pull and counter traction - b) To immobilize the affected body part✓ - c) To treat osteoporosis - d) To promote bone formation [ Poll : What are the major communication techniques used by health care providers to direct client-based decision making and continuity of care? ] - A. Verbal communication - B. Reporting and Recording✓ - C. Nonverbal communication - D. Interpersonal communication [ Poll : According to the text, what serves as a legal document for recording all client activities assessed and initiated by health care practitioners? ] - A. Nonverbal messages - B. The medical record✓ - C. The channel - D. Facial expressions [ Poll : Which type of communication involves the exchange of information using words? ] - A. Nonverbal communication - B. Intrapersonal communication - C. Verbal communication✓ - D. Mass/public communication [ Poll : What is the purpose of interpersonal communication, as described in the text? ] - A. Interaction with a large audience - B. Exploration of personal emotions - C. Exchange of information, ideas, and feelings between 2 or more people✓ - D. Internal dialogue within an individual [ Poll : According to the text, what transmits more information than any other part of the body? ] - A. Facial expressions - B. Gestures - C. Eye contact✓ - D. Personal space [ Poll : Which factor should be considered by nurses in the communication process, as mentioned in the text? ] - A. Ability to listen✓ - B. Sensory overload - C. Developmental stage - D. Expense at which an interaction takes place [ Poll : What relationship does therapeutic communication focus on, as per the text? ] - A. Romantic relationship - B. Professional communication✓ - C. Familial relationship - D. Casual friendship [ Poll : According to the text, what is the primary focus of nurse-client communication? ] - A. Nurse's needs - B. Client's needs✓ - C. Hospital's needs - D. Doctor's needs [ Poll : What is the primary purpose of therapeutic communication, as described in the text? ] - A. Establishing a constructive relationship✓ - B. Controlling the patient - C. Minimizing patient independence - D. Promoting fear and anxiety in the patient [ Poll : Which of the following is mentioned as a communication barrier that nurses need to recognize and avoid? ] - A. Giving inappropriate reassurance✓ - B. Listening attentively - C. Establishing trust and respect - D. Promoting patient independence [ Poll : According to the passage, what is the definition of a need? ] - A. A strong desire for something - B. A lack of something required or desired✓ - C. A want that is not essential - D. A psychological urge [ Poll : Which theory is mentioned in the passage as a model for human needs hierarchy? ] - A. Maslow's hierarchy of desires - B. Freud's theory of needs - C. Maslow's hierarchy of needs✓ - D. Jung's psychological needs model [ Poll : What is included in the first level of Maslow's hierarchy of human needs? ] - A. Safety and security needs - B. Love and belonging needs - C. Physiological needs✓ - D. Self-actualization needs [ Poll : What are examples of physiological needs mentioned in the passage? ] - A. Air, water, and shelter - B. Food, clothing, and shelter - C. Air, water, and food✓ - D. Food, water, and electricity [ Poll : Which need is described as the level of desire to accomplish everything that one can be, according to the passage? ] - A. Physiological needs - B. Safety needs - C. Esteem needs - D. Self-actualization needs✓ [ Poll : According to the passage, which level of human needs involves feelings of belongingness? ] - A. Safety needs - B. Love and belonging needs✓ - C. Esteem needs - D. Self-actualization needs [ Poll : What does the passage state as the most basic, or first level of human needs? ] - A. Physiological needs✓ - B. Safety needs - C. Love and belonging needs - D. Esteem needs [ Poll : What can result from imbalances during the esteem needs level in the hierarchy, according to the passage? ] - A. Low self-esteem or an inferiority complex✓ - B. Highly self-esteem and overconfidence - C. Lack of motivation - D. Inability to form relationships [ Poll : What need presents the typical human desire to be accepted and valued by others, as mentioned in the passage? ] - A. Safety needs - B. Love and belonging needs - C. Esteem needs✓ - D. Self-actualization needs [ Poll : Which level of human needs is described as the physical requirements for human survival in the passage? ] - A. Safety needs - B. Love and belonging needs - C. Esteem needs - D. Physiological needs✓ [ Poll : According to Nightingale, how did she define health? ] - A) As a state of being well and using every power the individual possesses✓ - B) As the absence of disease - C) As complete physical, mental, and social well-being - D) As the ability to carry out daily tasks and achieve fitness [ Poll : How did the World Health Organization (WHO) define health? ] - A) Merely the absence of disease - B) Physical well-being only - C) The ability to interact successfully with people - D) Complete physical, mental, and social well-being✓ [ Poll : Which dimension of wellness emphasizes the interdependence of others and encourages contributions to society? ] - A) Physical - B) Emotional - C) Social✓ - D) Intellectual [ Poll : What contributes to a healthy lifestyle, according to the text? ] - A) Eating junk food - B) Avoiding regular physical activity - C) Managing stress✓ - D) Abusing drugs and alcohol [ Poll : What is a major physical risk factor for illness according to the text? ] - A) Environment - B) Genetic factors✓ - C) Lifestyle practices - D) Age [ Poll : According to Suchman, at which stage of illness does the client become dependent on the professional for help? ] - A) Stage 1 symptoms experiences - B) Stage 2 assumption of the sick role - C) Stage 3 medical care contact✓ - D) Stage 4 dependent client role [ Poll : How does illness impact the client, according to the text? ] - A) No impact on lifestyle - B) Anxiety about outcomes✓ - C) Increased autonomy - D) Financial benefits [ Poll : What level of preventive care focuses on individuals experiencing health problems or illnesses and who are at risk for developing complications? ] - A) Primary prevention - B) Secondary prevention✓ - C) Tertiary prevention - D) Quarternary prevention [ Poll : 1-The most basic is physiological needs ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : 2-The most basic include psychological needs,such as air, food and water ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : 3-The second basic include safety and security needs which involve physical and physiological security ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : 4-basic psychological and safety needs are usually the first priority ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : 5-basic physiological and safety needs are usually the first priority,especially when a client is severely independent ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : 6-the third level of human needs is intrapersonal and involves feeling of belongingess ] - True - False✓  [ Poll : 7-the fourth level of human needs is interpersonal and involves feeling of belongingess ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : In what situation is assigned consent not needed in a healthcare setting? ] - a) Whenever the patient is unconscious - b) During routine medical checkups - c) In the event of a medical emergency✓ - d) For surgical procedures [ Poll : What are some legal responsibilities pertaining to death and dying for nurses? ] - a) Sending the body to the morgue immediately - b) Preparing a death certificate for each deceased patient✓ - c) Informing the family of the death - d) Organizing the funeral arrangements [ Poll : Which right ensures that a patient can refuse treatment or a plan of care? ] - a) Right to obtain accurate information - b) Right to make decisions about plan of care✓ - c) Right to financial implications of treatment - d) Right to review medical records [ Poll : What must patients do as part of their responsibilities within the patient's bill of rights? ] - a) Pay for their treatment - b) Provide accurate and understandable information about their health status✓ - c) Keep their medical records confidential - d) Submit to medical experiments [ Poll : What are patients responsible for according to the patient's bill of rights? ] - a) Keeping considerations of privacy - b) Reviewing their medical records - c) Providing information about past illnesses✓ - d) Consenting or declining to participate in research studies [ Poll : What are the objectives outlined at the beginning of the section? ] - a) Identify related terms✓ - b) Describe the chain of infection - c) List normal defense mechanisms against infection - d) Enumerate signs and symptoms of infection [ Poll : What does the term "nasocomial infection" refer to? ] - a) Infection transmitted through direct contact - b) Infection acquired in a healthcare setting✓ - c) Infection from endogenous sources - d) Infection caused by droplet transmission [ Poll : What are the various modes of transmission of infectious agents mentioned in the text? ] - a) Direct contact, indirect contact, vector, droplets, and vehicle✓ - b) Respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts - c) Blood, bodily fluids, and contaminated surfaces - d) Physical contact, airborne transmission, and ingestion [ Poll : What factors affect the susceptibility of a host to a pathogen, as discussed in the text? ] - a) Genetic factors and environmental conditions - b) Age, nutrition, and rest - c) Medical therapies and inadequate defenses - d) All of the above✓ [ Poll : What are some of the signs and symptoms of generalized infections mentioned in the text? ] - a) Fatigue, malaise, headache, and congestion✓ - b) Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia - c) Dysuria, urgency, and hematuria - d) Pain, tenderness, warmth, and swelling [ Poll : According to the text, what is the purpose of standard precautions? ] - a) To prevent transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings✓ - b) To treat infections once they occur - c) To educate patients about infection control - d) To provide personal protective equipment to healthcare staff [ Poll : What are the components of standard (universal) precautions as outlined in the text? ] - a) Hand washing, personal protective equipment, and needle stick prevention - b) Environmental cleaning, patient resuscitation, and patient placement - c) Appropriate handling of soiled linen and patient care equipment - d) All of the above✓ [ Poll : How are needle stick/sharp injuries prevented according to the text? ] - a) By avoiding recapping used needles and removing them from disposable syringes✓ - b) By bending, breaking, or manipulating used needles by hand - c) By placing used sharps in non-puncture-resistant containers - d) All of the above [ Poll : What does the text recommend for the appropriate handling of soiled linen? ] - a) Pre-rinse soiled linens in patient care areas - b) Handle soiled linen to prevent touching skin or mucous membranes✓ - c) Dispose of soiled linen in regular waste bins - d) Reuse soiled linen after cleaning [ Poll : When is mouth-to-mouth resuscitation recommended according to the text? ] - a) Always when assisting a patient - b) Only in private rooms with contaminated patients - c) Use mouthpieces or other ventilation devices to avoid mouth-to-mouth resuscitation✓ - d) Only when personal protective equipment is unavailable [ Poll : What is the purpose of medical asepsis? ] - A. To eliminate all microorganisms - B. To reduce the number of pathogens present✓ - C. To prevent the transfer of pathogens - D. To sterilize equipment [ Poll : Which type of aseptic technique is also known as sterile technique? ] - A. Medical asepsis - B. Surgical asepsis✓ - C. Disinfection - D. Antiseptic [ Poll : According to the text, what is the best method for reducing the transmission of microorganisms? ] - A. Sterilization of equipment - B. Frequent hand washing and maintaining intact skin✓ - C. Using personal protective equipment - D. Cleaning from cleaner to dirty area [ Poll : Which of the following is NOT included in medical asepsis? ] - A. Disinfection - B. Sterilization - C. Disposal✓ - D. Cleaning [ Poll : What is the purpose of using barriers in aseptic technique? ] - A. To destroy microorganisms - B. To prevent the transfer of pathogens✓ - C. To sterilize equipment - D. To facilitate cleaning [ Poll : Which method is used to remove microorganisms without complete sterilization? ] - A. Disinfection✓ - B. Cleaning - C. Sterilization - D. Antisepsis [ Poll : Which method of sterilization uses super-saturated steam under pressure? ] - A. Gas sterilization - B. Dry heat sterilization - C. Ionizing radiation - D. Steam sterilization (autoclaving) ✓ [ Poll : What is used to sterilize medical products that can't be steam sterilized? ] - A. Ethylene oxide✓ - B. Sodium hypochlorite - C. Acetic acid - D. Alcohol [ Poll : Which type of isolation systems is more expensive in terms of equipment, supplies, and time? ] - A. Barrier methods - B. Isolation systems✓ - C. Gas sterilization - D. Autoclaving [ Poll : What is the purpose of using ionizing radiation in aseptic technique? ] - A. To reduce the number of pathogens present - B. To prevent the transfer of pathogens - C. To destroy all microorganisms including spores✓ - D. To sterilize equipment  [ Poll : The first Africis American professional nurse concerned with relationships between cultures and races is : ] - Florence Nightingale - Mary Mahoney✓ - Clara Barton - Rufaidh bint saad [ Poll :........... is a person who engages the advice or services of another who is qualified in provide this service ] - A. Consumer - B Patient - C Client✓ - D Producer [ Poll : When the nurse protects the client's human and legal rights, it means. she becomes: ] - a. Care giver - b. Communicator. - C. Manager - D. Advocate. ✓ [ Poll : Abnormal lateral curving deviation of the spine is called: ] - A. Scoliosis. ✓ - b. Lordosis. - c. Kyphosis - d. Kyphoscoliosis. [ Poll :......... is a softening of the bone tissue characterized by vitamin D deficiency and hick of sunlight exposure. ] - a. Osteoporosis. - B. Osteoartheritis. - C. Paget's Disease. - D. Osteomalacia✓ [ Poll : …… the nurse uses critical thinking skills throughout the nursing process to provide effective care ] - Decision makers✓ - Manger - Administrator - Communicator [ Poll : The right device that inmobilises the affected body part while allowing other body parts to move is called ] - a. Splints - b. Cast✓ - C. Traction - d. Handage [ Poll : Ligament injury or sscessive stretching of a ligament is called: ] - a. Sprain✓ - b. Strain - c. Trauma - d. Contusion [ Poll : Nure participates in the advancement of the nursing profession through........... ] - A. Protecting patients" health, safety and rights. - B. Appropriate delegation of norsing tasks - C. Contributions to practice, education and research✓ - D. Improving health care Environments [ Poll : The respiratory rate less than 12 br/min is called.......... ] - A) Tachypnea - B) Orthopnea - C) Bradypnea✓ - D) Apnea [ Poll : A metabolic disease caused by the arcumulation of uric acid crystals in the blood ] - A. Gout✓ - B. Osteomalacia - C. Osteosanirnia - D. Rheumatoid arthritis [ Poll : Localized manifestations of infection all the following except: ] - A. Reln - B. Naused✓ - C. Swelling - D. Pain [ Poll : is a process that eliminates almost all pathogen organisms on objects, with the exception of bacterial spores ] - A. Disinfection✓ - B. Cleaning - C. Sterilization - D. Medical Asepsis [ Poll : Are infection control guidelines designed to protect workers from exposure to diseases. ] - A. Physical Restraints - B. Patient safety - C. Disinfection - D. Universal precautions✓ [ Poll : Hematem is vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : A prefix is a word element attached to the end of a term ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : Monoplegia is páralysis of all four limbs ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : Sphyxia is a high respiratorirate ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : Ascites is abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : An invasion of pathogeni or microorganisms into the body that is capable of producing disease ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Crepitus is a crackling sound from friction between two bones. ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : Nosocomial infections are defined as infections acquired after discharge from hospital. ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Incubation Period is an interval between entrance of pathogen into the body and appearance of first symptoms. ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Clara Barton is the founder of the American Red Cross and tended soldiers on the battle fields. ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : The nurse protects the client's human and legal rights and provides assistance in asserting those rights if the need arises ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Autonomy means that a person is reasonably dependent in decision making and practice ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Nursing as a profession requires an extended education of its members, as well as a basic liberal foundation ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Mr A heartbeats are fast, he has ] - Tachycardia✓ - Hypertension - Hypoglycaemia - Bradycardia [ Poll : Nurse must protect her profession through: ] - A. Documenting & porting✓ - B. Inadequate staffing & equipment - C. Respect this message - D. Good communication skills [ Poll : The patient has cardiomegaly ] - A)Enlarged heart✓ - B)Enlarged liver - C)Enlarged kidney - D)Enlarged brain [ Poll : The patient has difficulty in breathing, he has ] - a) Dysuria - b)Dyspnea✓ - c) Aphasia - d) Cyanosis [ Poll : Clara Barton is the founder of the American Red Cross and tended soldiers on the battlefields ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : The Nurse protects the client human and legal rights and provides assistance in asserting those rights if the need arises ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Autonomy means that a person is reasonably dependent in decision making and practice ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Regular exercise increases the muscle atrophy ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : Traction is an application of a pulling force to the body to provide reduction,alinment, and rest at that side ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Patient who express a wish to donate functional organs should fill out organ donor consent card ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Nursing as a profession requires an extended education of its members as well as a basic lil eral foundation ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Nursing care is restricted by considerations of age colour, culture,disability,or social status ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : The nurse promotes advocate for and strives to protect the health safety and rights of the patient ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : Non male ficence is doing harm whether intentionally or unintentionally ] - True - False✓ [ Poll : The first African American professional nurse concerned with with relation ships between cultures and racesis ] - Florence Nightingale - Mary Mahoney✓ - Clara Barton - Rufaidah bint saad [ Poll : When the nurse protects the client human and legal rights if means she becomes ] - Care giver - Communicator - Manger - Advocate✓ [ Poll : What connects bone to bone? ] - Muscles - Joints✓ - Cartilage - Tendons [ Poll : Is a softening of the bone tissue chara cterized by vitamin D deficiency and lack of sunlight exposure ] - Osteoporosis - Osteomalacia✓ - Osteoartheritis - Paget’s Disease [ Poll : Technical skills of nurse include ] - Performing phsiotherapy - Prescription of medications - Understand of moral and ethical principles - Assisting doctors with treatment and procedures✓ [ Poll : American nurses association code of ethics for nurses in cludes ] - Nurse participants in inhibiting health care environment - Nurse primary commitment is to the hospital - Nurse advocate for health safety and rights of the patient✓ - Nurse is irresponsible for individual nursing practice [ Poll : Role and function of nurse manger in legal issues include ] - Providing nursing care that meets patient needs✓ - Allowing patients to make decisions - Prioitizes nurses right first in decisions making - Delegates to subordinates wisely [ Poll : The muscle connected to internal organs involuntary or stooth muscle are muscles in ……….. ] - Cardiac muscle - Skeletal muscles - Gastrointestinal muscle✓ - Biceps muscle [ Poll : ……………is a person who engages the advice or services of another whois qualified to provide this service ] - Consumer - Patient - Client✓ - Producer [ Poll : As ……… the nurse uses critical thinking skills throughout the nursing process to provide effective care ] - Decision maker✓ - Manger - Administrator - Communicator [ Poll : According to the text, what does the American Nurses Association (ANA) define nursing as? ] - A. Providing psychological support only - B. Treating only physical illnesses - C. Protecting, promoting, and optimizing health and abilities, and prevention of illnesses✓ - D. Advocacy for nurses' rights [ Poll : Who is recognized as the first Muslim nurse? ] - A. Florence Nightingale - B. Rufaidah bint Sa'ad✓ - C. Clara Barton - D. Mary Mahoney [ Poll : What is the founder of the American Red Cross known for in the context of nursing? ] - A. Providing financial support for nurses in need - B. Caring for soldiers on the battlefields✓ - C. Teaching nursing ethics - D. Founding the first nursing school [ Poll : What are the common themes to many nursing definitions as per the text? ] - A. Nursing is scientific and client-centered - B. Nursing is only concerned with health restoration - C. Nursing is limited to physical care only - D. Nursing is caring, an art, scientific, client-centered, holistic, and adaptive✓ [ Poll : According to the text, what is the main characteristic of a profession? ] - A. Providing a general service - B. Not requiring an extended education - C. Autonomy in decision making and practice✓ - D. Having no code of ethics [ Poll : What does the text suggest is a primary responsibility of nursing education? ] - A. Providing basic science knowledge only - B. Offering liberal arts courses only - C. Possessing a significant amount of education✓ - D. Focusing solely on clinical courses [ Poll : In the context of nursing roles, what does "caregiver" primarily involve? ] - A. Coordinating activities of health care team - B. Advocating for the client's rights - C. Explaining health concepts to clients - D. Helping the client regain health through the healing process✓ [ Poll : According to the text, what does the "researcher" role in nursing primarily involve? ] - A. Investigating problems to improve nursing care✓ - B. Coordinating activities of other health care professionals - C. Providing emotional, intellectual, and psychological support - D. Assisting clients in recognizing and coping with psychological problems [ Poll : What are the components of the musculoskeletal system mentioned in the text? ] - A) Skeleton, connective tissues, and muscles✓ - B) Organs, tissues, and bones - C) Muscles, ligaments, and tendons - D) Skeleton, muscles, and vital organs [ Poll : How many bones are found in the human skeleton according to the text? ] - A) 106 bones - B) 306 bones - C) 206 bones✓ - D) 256 bones [ Poll : What function do bones serve in the human body based on the text? ] - A) Support only - B) Protection only - C) Support, protection, and movement✓ - D) Movement and mineral storage [ Poll : Which type of bone contains spaces and bone ] - A) Long bones - B) Flat bones - C) Spongy bones✓ - D) Irregular bones [ Poll : Which part of the human skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage? ] - A) Axial skeleton✓ - B) Appendicular skeleton - C) Long bones - D) Spongy bones [ Poll : What is the function of red bone marrow as mentioned in the text? ] - A) Produces blood cells and hemoglobin✓ - B) Contains fat and connective tissue - C) Forms the shaft of long bones - D) Protects vital organs [ Poll : Which type of bone cells are responsible for forming bone according to the text? ] - A) Osteoblasts✓ - B) Osteoclasts - C) Osteocytes - D) Periosteum [ Poll : What division of the human skeleton consists of the bones of the arms & legs, shoulder, and the pelvic girdle? ] - A) Axial skeleton - B) Appendicular skeleton✓ - C) Yellow bone marrow - D) Red bone marrow [ Poll : Which bones are described as thin, flat, and mostly curved in the text? ] - A) Long bones - B) Short bones - C) Flat bones✓ - D) Irregular bones [ Poll : What covers bones as mentioned in the text? ] - A) Osteoblasts - B) Osteocytes - C) Osteoclasts - D) Periosteum✓ [ Poll : Which type of muscle is responsible for muscle movement controlled by internal mechanisms? ] - a) Skeletal - b) Smoot✓ - c) Cardiac - d) Voluntary [ Poll : What is the function of ligaments in the joints? ] - a) Contraction - b) Enhance movement and provide joint stability✓ - c) Synthesis of synovial fluid - d) Formation of muscle tone [ Poll : Lack of use can cause muscle atrophy. ] - True✓ - False [ Poll : What is the role of nerve impulses in maintaining muscle tone? ] - a) Increase muscle atrophy - b) Relax the muscles - c) Control the size and strength of the muscles - d) Sustain normal tension in resting muscle✓