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1. A therapist is mobilizing a patient's right 5. A physical therapist participates in a shoulder. The movement taking place at the community fitness program by conducting joint capsule is not completely to end range. anthropometric measurements designed to It is a la...

1. A therapist is mobilizing a patient's right 5. A physical therapist participates in a shoulder. The movement taking place at the community fitness program by conducting joint capsule is not completely to end range. anthropometric measurements designed to It is a large-amplitude movement from near determine percent body fat. Which site is not the beginning of available range to near the typically utilized when measuring skinfolds? end of available range. What grade of a. Iliac crest mobilization, according to Maitland, is being b. Subscapular performed? c. Triceps a. Grade I d. Lateral calf b. Grade Il c. Grade III 6. A 60-year old woman is referred to outpatient d. Grade IV physical therapy services for rehabilitation after receiving a left total knee replacement 4 2. A physical therapist is treating a patient with weeks ago. The patient is currently a Colles fracture. The patient's forearm has ambulating with a standard walker with a been immobilized for 3 weeks and will require severely antalgic gait pattern. Before the 4 additional weeks in the cast before the recent surgery the patient was ambulating patient can begin functional tasks. An initial independently without an assistive device. focus of treatment should be Left knee flexion was measured in the initial a. Passive ROM examination and found to be 85° actively and b. Placement of the extremity in a sling 94° passively. The patient also lacked 10° of c. Movement of the joints surrounding the full passive knee extension and 17° of full fracture active knee extension. Which of the following d. To avoid treatment until the cast is does the therapist need to first address? removed a. Lack of passive left knee flexion b. Lack of passive left knee extension 3. A physical therapist reviews the results of a c. Lack of active left knee extension complete blood count taken on a 65-year old d. Ability to ambulate with a lesser assistive male recently admitted to the hospital. Which device work on passive first of the following lab values may be considered a precaution for therapeutic exercise? 7. A 32-year old man is referred to physical a. White blood cell count: 5.500 x 10^3 therapy with the diagnosis of a recent b. Hematocrit: 46 ml/dL complete anterior cruciate ligament tear. The c. Hemoglobin: 8 gm/dL patient and the physician have decided to d. Platelet count: 250,000 mm3 avoid surgery as long as possible. The therapist provides the patient with a home 4. A patient sustains a deep partial thickness exercise program and instructions about burn to the anterior surface of the right upper activities that will be limited secondary to this extremity and a superficial partial thickness diagnosis. Which of the following is the best burn to the anterior surface of the trunk. advice? According to the rule of nines, the patient has a. There are no precautions burns over b. The patient should avoid all athletic a. 18.5% of the body activity for 1 year b. 22.5% of the body c. The patient should avoid all athletic c. 27% of the body activity until there is a minimum of 20% d. 36% of the body difference in the bilateral quadriceps muscle 4.5 + 18 as measured isokinetically d. The patient should wear a brace and compete in only light athletic events HEP only 8. A physical therapist completes an 12. The therapist is treating a male patient for a accessibility analysis at a local business. In second-degree acromioclavicular sprain. The order to meet minimum accessibility patient has just finished the doctor's standards, the bathroom sink should have a prescription of 3 sessions/week for 4 weeks. knee clearance height of at least The therapist is treating the patient with a. 23 inches iontophoresis (driving dexamethasone), b. 29 inches deltoid-strengthening exercises, pectoral c. 35 inches strengthening exercises, and ice. The patient d. 39 inches reports no decline in pain level since the initial examination. Which of the following is the 9. In a clinical trial, patient height is measured in best course of action for the therapist? centimeters and weight is measured in a. Phone the doctor and request continued kilograms. What inference can the physical physical therapy therapist make about the scale of b. Tell the patient to go back to the doctor measurement for height and weight? because he is not making appropriate a. Height and weight are measurements on progress the ratio scale c. Discharge the patient because he will b. Height and weight are measurements on improve on his own the ordinal scale d. Take the problem to the supervisor of the c. Height and weight are measurements on facility the nominal scale d. Height and weight are measurements on 13. A patient presents to therapy with poor motor the interval scale control of the lower extremities. The therapist determines that to work efficiently toward the 10. A 73-year old male patient receiving goal of returning the patient to his prior level outpatient physical therapy begins to of ambulation, he must work in the following experience acute angina. The patient order regarding stages of control indicates he uses nitroglycerin to alleviate the a. Mobility, controlled mobility, stability, skill angina. The most appropriate mode of b. Stability, controlled stability, mobility, skill administration is c. Skill, controlled stability, controlled a. Oral mobility b. Buccal d. Mobility, stability, controlled mobility, skill c. Sublingual d. Topical 14. A therapist is rehabilitating a patient with scoliosis while wearing a Milwaukee brace. 11. A 42-year old receptionist presents to an Which of the following correctional exercises outpatient physical therapy clinic complaining is done while wearing the Milwaukee brace? of low back pain. The therapist decides that a. Posterior pelvic tilt in supine with hips and postural modification needs to be part of the knees flexed treatment plan. What is the best position for b. Trunk extension in the prone position the LEs while the patient is sitting? c. Lateral shifting away from the pad a. 90 degrees of hip flexion, 90 degrees of d. Posterior pelvic tilt in supine with hips and knee flexion, and 10 degrees of dorsiflexion knees extended b. 60 degrees of hip flexion, 90 degrees of e. None of these knee flexion, and 0 degrees of dorsiflexion c. 110 degrees of hip flexion, 80 degrees of knee flexion, and 10 degrees of dorsiflexion d. 90 degrees of hip flexion, 90 degrees of knee flexion, and 0 degrees of dorsiflexion 15. In taping an athlete's ankle prophylactically 19. A physical therapist consults with a before a football game, in what position psychiatrist after examining a patient with a should the ankle be slightly positioned before lengthy history of mental health issues. The taping to provide the most protection against psychiatrist describes the patient's current an ankle sprain? difficulty as short-lived, recurrent, a. Inversion, dorsiflexion, abduction unpredictable episodes of intense anxiety. b. Eversion. plantarflexion, adduction This description best describes c. Eversion, dorsiflexion, abduction a. Psychosomatic disorder d. Inversion, plantarflexion, adduction b. Dissociative disorder c. Panic disorder 16. A 67-year old man with a below-knee d. Obsessive-compulsive disorder amputation presents to an outpatient clinic. His surgical amputation was 3 weeks ago, 20. A physical therapist reviews the medical and his scars are well healed. Which of the record of a patient with venous insufficiency. following is incorrect information about stump A recent entry in the medical record indicates care? that the physician ordered diagnostic testing a. Use a light lotion on the stump after in an attempt to rule out deep venous bathing each night thrombosis. Which diagnostic test would be b. Continue with use of a shrinker 12 hours most beneficial to accomplish the physician's per day objective? c. Wash the stump with mild soap and water a. Doppler ultrasonography d. Use scar massage techniques b. Hematocrit c. Partial thromboplastin time 17. A physical therapist completes a sensory d. Pulmonary function tests examination on a patient with incomplete T7- e. Homan’s test T8 paraplegia. The therapist examines the patient's sensation using a piece of cotton. 21. A patient elevated on a tilt table to 60° The therapist applies the cotton in a random suddenly begins to demonstrate signs and fashion and the patient is asked to indicate symptoms of orthostatic hypotension. The when she feels the stimulus. This method of most appropriate PT action is to sensory testing is used to examine a. Lower the tilt table 10 degrees and a. Kinesthesia monitor the patient's vital signs b. Light touch b. Lower the tilt table 20 degrees and c. Proprioception monitor the patient's vital signs d. Superficial pain c. Lower the tilt table 40 degrees and monitor the patient's vital signs 18. A physical therapist attends an inservice d. Lower the tilt table completely and monitor entitled "Principles of Exercise for the the patient's vital signs Obstetric Patient". During the session, the speaker identifies several conditions that are 22. A physical therapist administers tapotement considered to result in high-risk pregnancies. as part of a treatment plan for a patient Which of the following conditions would not diagnosed with bronchiectasis. Which of the be considered high risk? following massage strokes is not an example a. Diastasis recti of tapotement? b. Incompetent cervix a. Kneading c. Preeclampsia b. Clapping d. Multiple gestation c. Hacking d. Beating 23. Which of the following obstetric exercises 27. A physical therapist is treating an automobile are considered unsafe especially for a mechanic. The patient asks for tips on pregnant woman in the third trimester of preventing upper extremity repetitive motion gestation? injuries. Which of the following is incorrect a. Pelvic clock maneuver advice? b. Bilateral straight leg raising a. Use your entire hand rather than just the c. Elevator exercise of the pelvic diaphragm fingers when holding an object d. Quadruped leg raising within normal b. Position tasks so that they are performed range of hip extension below shoulder height c. Use tools with small straight handles when 24. The medical record indicates a patient has possible been diagnosed with chronic respiratory d. When performing a forceful task, keep the alkalosis. The most consistent laboratory materials slightly lower than the elbow finding with this condition is a. Elevated arterial blood pH, low PaCO2 28. A patient who underwent an acromioplasty 8 b. Low arterial blood pH, elevated PaCO2 weeks ago presents with complaints of pain c. Elevated arterial blood pH, elevated when reaching overhead and during the last PaCO2 30 degrees of shoulder flexion. End range d. Low arterial blood pH, low PaCO2 pain is also felt when using PROM into horizontal adduction, shoulder flexion, and 25. A patient recently diagnosed with a deep shoulder abduction. Which of the following venous thrombophlebitis is placed on treatments would be most helpful for this heparin. The primary side effect associated patient? with heparin is a. Shoulder mobilizations for the anterior a. Hypotension shoulder capsule b. Depression b. Shoulder mobilizations for the superior c. Excessive anticoagulation shoulder capsule d. Thrombocytopenia c. Acromioclavicular joint mobilization with the upper extremity in 20 degrees of 26. A physical therapist is discharging a 32-year shoulder flexion old man from outpatient physical therapy. d. Acromioclavicular joint mobilization with The patient received therapy for traumatic the upper extremity in 140 degrees of ankle injury that occurred several months shoulder flexion earlier. The surgery performed on the patient's ankle required placement of plates 29. The physical therapist makes and screws, which resulted in permanent recommendations to a patient after hip range of motion deficit of 10 degrees of active replacement surgery for positioning in a and passive dorsiflexion. Strength in the wheelchair. Which set of instructions would ankle is 5/5 with manual muscle testing. Of adhere to safety precautions? the following, which is the highest functional a. Keep the legs abducted with abductor outcome that the patient can expect? pillow and affected leg in neutral a. Independent ambulation with no gait b. Keep the legs together by using an deviations adductor strap to prevent external rotation of b. Ambulation with a cane with minimal gait legs deviations c. Sit in a regular wheelchair with the feet c. Running with no gait deviations supported on a footrest d. Ascending or descending stairs with no d. Sit in regular wheelchair with the affected gait deviations leg in full extension 30. A 26-year old presents with weakness of the 34. A 25-year old man suffered C4 quadriplegia knee resulting from an ACL injury. Your in a motor vehicle accident. The injury is examination reveals moderate pain (5/10) acute, and the patient is beginning to work on and excessive translation of the tibia during increasing upright tolerance in the sitting active knee extension. You determine position with an abdominal binder. He is functional stability of the knee should consist looking to the therapist for encouragement. of stimulation of the The therapist is attempting to convey realistic a. Hamstrings immediately before the long term goals for self-care ability and quadriceps to produce co-contraction overall mobility. Of the below listed goals, b. Quadriceps immediately before the what can this patient reasonably expect at his hamstrings to produce co-contraction highest level of function in the future? c. Quadriceps only a. Transfer from wheelchair to bed d. Hamstrings only independently with a sliding board b. Use of a power wheelchair 31. A study of the local population was c. Independent feeding without an assistive necessary to determine the need for a new device fitness center in the area. The therapists d. Donning a shirt independently and pants performing the study divided the population with minimal assistance by sex and selected a random sample from each group. This is an example of what type 35. A therapist is treating a patient with a spinal of random sample? cord injury. The therapist is discharging the a. Systematic random sample patient after completion of all physical b. Random cluster sample therapy goals. One of the completed long- c. Two stage cluster sample term goals involved the ability to dress and d. Stratified random sample bathe independently with assistive devices. This would be a most challenging but 32. A sampling technique in which you send obtainable goal for which of the following? a research survey to a small group of a. C5 quadriplegia subjects who meet your criteria and ask b. C7 quadriplegia them to share it with others who also c. T1 paraplegia meet that criteria is known as d. C4 quadriplegia a. Quota sampling b. Random sampling 36. A physical therapist working in cardiac c. Snowball sampling rehabilitation progresses a patient involved in d. Stratified sampling a phase Il program through an established exercise protocol. The patient weight 70 kg 33. One threat to internal validity may occur and has progressed without difficulty through in a research study where subjects know the rehabilitation program. The protocol they are being studied, so they perform indicates the patient should be performing differently than usual, producing biased activities requiring 3-4 METS. An example of results. This phenomenon is known as an appropriate activity would be a. Hawthorne effect a. Level walking at 1.5 mph b. Maturation phenomenon b. Jogging at 5 mph c. Placebo effect c. Cycling at 10 mph d. Selection d. Walking on a treadmill at 3 mph 37. A 55-year old patient, six months status post 41. A therapist is attempting to open the spastic CVA with right hemiparesis, attends physical and flexed hand of a patient who has suffered therapy on an outpatient basis. As the patient a recent stroke. Which of the following does lies supine on the mat, the physical therapist not inhibit hand opening? applies resistance to right elbow flexion. The a. Avoid touching the interossei therapist notes mass flexion of the right lower b. Apply direct pressure to the thenar extremity as the resistance is applied. The eminence therapist should document this as c. Hyperextend the metacarpophalangeal a. Raimiste's phenomenon joint b. Souque's phenomenon d. Apply direct pressure to the hypothenar c. Coordination synkinesis eminence d. Homolateral limb synkinesis 42. A student physical therapist is treating a 65- 38. A physical therapist attempts to have a year-old mildly obese patient. The patient is patient status post CVA reach for a cone by status post total hip replacement and is moving her trunk away from midline. The cleared for 25 pounds of weight bearing most appropriate type of manual contact to through the lower involved lower extremity. assist the patient with this movement is Appropriate assistive devices for gait training a. Firm, deep touch would include all of the following, EXCEPT: b. Light, intermittent touch a. Parallel bars c. Maintained touch b. Walker d. No manual contact c. Axillary crutches d. Straight cane 39. A physical therapist instructs a patient to close her eyes and hold out her hand. The 43. A physical therapist tests a small area of skin therapist places a series of different weights for per sensitivity prior to using a cold in the patient's hand one at a time. The immersion bath. The patient begins to patient is then asked to identify the demonstrate evidence of cold intolerance comparative weight of the objects. This within 60 seconds after cold application. The method of sensory testing is used to examine most appropriate response is to a. Barognosis a. Limit cold exposure to ten minutes or less b. Graphesthesia b. Select an alternative cryotherapeutic c. Recognition of texture agent d. Stereognosis c. Continue with the cold immersion bath d. Discontinue cold applications and 40. A therapist is treating a 76-year old woman document your findings with left lower extremity hypotonia secondary to a recent stroke. Which of the following is 44. A 27-year-old female diagnosed with anterior an incorrect method to normalize tone? compartment syndrome reports to an a. Rapid irregular movements outpatient clinic for physical therapy services. b. Approximation While reviewing the physician referral c. Prolonged stretch supplied by the patient, the physical therapist d. Tactile cues identifies that the referral form is over 90 days old. The most appropriate therapist action is a. Continue with the session since the existing referral is acceptable b. Attempt to contact the physician's office by telephone to receive verbal orders  c. Send the physician written 48. What is the best evidence based intervention correspondence requesting updated referral for a painful anterior displaced disc with d. Discontinue the session until the patient reduction in the TMJ? secures an updated referral a. Exercises that avoid painful click such as hinge axis and midline opening 45. A therapist is treating a patient with an injury b. Aggressive mobilization to reduce the at the T8 level and compromised function of clicking the diaphragm. If no abdominal binder is c. Wide opening exercises to reduce the available, what is the most likely position of clicking comfort to allow him to breathe most d. Ice and no exercise efficiently? a. Sitting position 49. A patient demonstrates dizziness and b. Semi-fowler’s position nausea during vertebral artery testing. The c. Upright standing position using a tilt table physical therapist should pay particular d. Supine attention when treating the patient to avoid positioning the neck in 46. A physical therapist is ordered to examine a a. Extension and extremes of rotation 65-year old woman who has suffered a recent b. Flexion and extremes of rotation stroke. The occupational therapist informs c. Flexion and side bending the physical therapist that the patient has d. Extension and side bending apraxia. She cannot brush her teeth on command. However, she can point out the 50. A physical therapist completes an toothbrush and verbalize the purpose of the examination of a patient diagnosed with facet brush. From this information, what sort of impingement in the lumbar spine. The patient apraxia does this patient have? How should appears to be somewhat fixed in a position of the physical therapist approach treatment? side bending to the right and rotation to the a. Ideomotor apraxia; the physical therapist left. When assessing lumbar range of motion, should speak in short, concise sentences which motion would you expect to be most b. Ideational apraxia; the physical therapist restricted? should always give the patient 3-step a. Side bending to the right and rotation to commands the left c. Ideomotor apraxia; the physical therapist b. Side bending to the right and rotation to should always give the patient 3-step the right commands c. Side bending to the left and rotation to the d. Ideational apraxia; the physical therapist right should speak in short, concise sentences d. Side bending to the left and rotation to the left 47. A patient sustained a Colles fracture of the wrist. Her cast was removed and she now lacks wrist extension. To increase her passive closed chain wrist extension, mobilize the: a. Distal concave radius on the convex ulna b. Concave distal radius on the convex proximal ulna c. Convex distal radius on the concave distal carpals d. Concave distal ulna on the convex proximal carpals 51. A therapist is treating a patient with cystic fibrosis a. Riding a stationary bike at approximately who has just walked 75 feet before 5.5 experiencing mph significant breathing difficulties. In an effort b. Descending a flight of stairs to assist independently the patient in regaining her normal breathing c. Ironing rate, d. Ambulate independently at 5 to 6 mph the therapist gives a set of instructions. Which of the 54. A PT working in early intervention is Is the following set of instructions helping a parent appropriate? to get the baby to hold and drink from a bottle. Based a. "Take a slow deep breath through pursed on typical development, the therapist should lips, begin to and exhale slowly through your nose only” introduce this skill between b. "Take small breaths through your nose only, and a. 12 to 14 months half a year bottle exhale quickly through pursed lips" b. 10 to 12 months c. "Breath in through your nose, and exhale c. 8 to 10 months slowly d. 6 to 8 months through pursed lips” d. "Breath in through pursed lips, and breath 55. Patients with cervical rib syndrome can out experience slowly through pursed lips" tingling and numbness throughout the upper extremity when carrying heavy objects at 52. A physical therapist is assigned to treat their side. a patient with Which structures are commonly affected by brain injury. During rehabilitation, the patient the correctly responds to stimulus being cervical rib? applied, but does not seem to obey when commanded. a. Common carotid artery and inferior trunk As of the described, what is the grading of brachial plexus consciousness b. Common carotid artery and superior trunk according to the Ommaya Scale? of the brachial plexus a.1 c. Subclavian artery and inferior trunk of the b. 2 brachial plexus c. 3 o mma ya d. Subclavian artery and superior trunk of d. 4 3 syllables the e. 5 brachial plexus 53. A physician orders stage I cardiac 56. A patient was evaluated for balance. rehabilitation for a The PT pushes patient. The orders are to exercise the the patient backwards to displace the line of patient below gravity 7 metabolic equivalents (METs). Which of outside the base of support and observes the how the Is the following a contraindicated activity? the patient recovers from the perturbation. were initially free of lung cancer, as What determined by a strategy is the patient most likely to use to routine physician's examination required by correct for the plant. large perturbation? From these files, the team records the frequency with a. Hip which each one of the employees b. Knee developed lung c. Stepping cancer. What type of study is the therapy d. Ankle team performing? 57. A patient is referred to physical therapy for a. Historical prospective or historical cohort evaluation of balance instability. The patient b. Retrospective has a c. Case control history of several falls within the last month. d. Matched pairs design The therapist administers the Clinical Test for 59. A PT devised a short screening test for Sensory ACL tear. An Interaction in Balance (CTSIB) using independent blind comparison was made posturography with a gold system. The patient is stable during the first standard for diagnosis of ACL tear among 4 200 conditions of the test with only minimal athletic patients. Among the 50 outpatients increases of found to sway. During condition 5 and 6, the patient have torn ACL according to the gold becomes standard, 35 very unstable and requires the overhead patients were positive for the test. Among harness to 150 prevent a fall event. The therapist correctly patients found not to have ACL tear interprets according to the the results of this test as evidence of gold standard, 30 patients were found to be positive a. Problems with sensory selection for the test. Which of the following findings b. Somatosensory deficiency are c. Vestibular deficiency correct? d. Visual deficiency I. The sensitivity was 80% 58. A local plant asks a therapy team to I. The specificity was 80% perform a study Ill. The positive predictive value was 70% of its workers. The study needs to IV. The negative predictive value was determine the 88.9% frequency of lung cancer in workers who V. The prevalence of ACL tear was 25% insulate the inside area of an electrical oven appliance. Using 1. II, IV company files, the therapy team studies all 2. I, II, III past 3. III, IV, V employees with this job description. The 4. II, IV, V employees 60. A college athlete you are treating for 62. You are analyzing the gait of an shin splints individual with a arrives for therapy complaining of pain in prosthesis. In evaluating the gait, you notice the right that the lower abdomen. There is some distention socket has a poor fit and appears to have a on weak inspection. The patient has been nauseous suspension system, and the knee friction is since the too soft. the previous night and vomited once this Which of the following would be the most morning. Pain is likely gait made worse by movement, especially hip deviation that you would observe? flexion. During the examination the therapist should a. Lateral whip palpate b. Rotation of the foot at heel strike for c. Instability of the knee d. Pistoning of the socket a. Tenderness at the level of the umbilicus b. Pain with contraction of the lower obliques 63. A 19-year old female presents with c. Rebound tenderness at McBurney's point complaints of d. Epigastric pain radiating to the back recurrent nightmares, causing her to be unable to 61. Physical therapist has been treating a sleep; to have screaming, verbal fights with person with her post-operative cesarean infection. There is boyfriend, and to feel as though she were a no bystander to the event. She has also necrotic tissue, but the therapist is packing developed a fear a 3 cm of being alone. This fear is so intense, that tunnel in the subcutaneous tissues with the young hydrogel woman will not leave the house by herself, impregnated gauze. Pulsed lavage with nor see suction for employment. The young woman states that irrigation at 15 psi is also being used. The she has wound been this way since she left home a year exudate has changed from ago. Which serosanguineous to a light assessment instrument would be most green drainage with a foul smell. Infection is helpful in suspected. After consultation with the confirming the diagnosis? physician, the best action the therapist should take is to a. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory a. Begin whirlpool irrigation with an b. Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test antiseptic c. Omnibus Personality Inventory agent d. Differential Aptitudes Test b. Increase the force of pulsed lavage e. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- irrigation Revised c. Use acetic acid d. Use hydrogen peroxide 64. A patient is referred for recommendation regarding purchase of a wheelchair. Measurements in activities using a posterior approach? sitting were taken and results are as follows: 20 a. 50 degrees horizontal abduction, 30 inches degrees across the widest point of the hips and 18 abduction, 45 degrees medial rotation inches b. 30 degrees horizontal abduction, 45 from the rear of the buttocks to the popliteal degrees crease. adduction, 65 degrees medial rotation Which of the following wheelchair c. 80 degrees horizontal abduction, 40 dimensions are degrees best suited for this patient? abduction. 70 degrees medial rotation d. 90 degrees horizontal adduction, 75 a. Seat width and seat depth of 22 inches degrees b. Seat width of 16 inches and seat depth of abduction, 60 degrees medial rotation 22 inches 67. A 25-year old female 6 days post- c. Seat width and seat depth of 16 inches cesarean delivery d. Seat width of 22 inches and seat depth of has been referred to you for training in 16 proper inches posture and body mechanics. Which of the following 65. To properly care the patient suffering would be the proper instructions for body from wound, it mechanics is necessary to use techniques to ensure for a post-cesarean patient? skin protection and avoid abrasion injury. Which a. Whenever sitting, the patient should among avoid hard the following statements not true? chairs because they have poor back support b. When standing, the patient should relax a. Use of turning and draw sheets; trapeze, the manual abdominal muscles in order not to place any or electric lefts strain b. Use of cornstarch, lubricants and pad upon them protectors c. When bending over, the patient should over friction risk sites keep a c. Use dragging technique to avoid pressure flattened lordotic curve in the low back with on the a wide affected area base of support and legs parallel d. Use of transfer boards for sliding d. When getting up from a lying down wheelchair position, the transfers patient should roll over to the side, swinging the 66. A male patient with limited shoulder legs over the edge and getting up slowly range of motion explains that he has difficulty wiping himself 68. A 67 year old patient underwent hip after arthroplasty and going to the bathroom. How much shoulder was found to have deep vein thrombosis. range of Which of motion is required to successfully complete the following is/are inappropriate to toileting prescribe?  70. A 23-year old female presents with new a. Initiation of ambulation as soon as onset of skin possible after rash and joint pain followed two weeks later surgery, preferably no more than a day or by GI two post- symptoms of abdominal pain, nausea, and operatively diarrhea. b. Elevating the legs while lying supine and She has a previous history of Crohn's on a disease, but this footstool or ottoman when sitting the condition has been stable for several c. No prolonged periods of sitting, especially years. She does for the not think her current symptoms are related patient with a long-leg cast to her d. Active pumping exercises regularly Crohn's disease. What kind of screening throughout assessment the day while lying supine in bed is it needed in this case? e. None of these a. Vital signs only 69. A 15-year old high school soccer player b. Vital signs and abdominal auscultation was injured c. Vital signs, neurologic screening during a game. The athlete reported examination, immediate and abdominal auscultation medial knee pain and was able to bear only d. No further assessment is needed; there minimal are weight on the leg. On examination medial enough red flags to advise this client to instability seek was present and a diagnosis of second- medical attention degree medial collateral ligament sprain was determined. 71. A patient is referred to physical therapy The player with an open was given a knee immobilizer and instructed wound on the lateral malleolus of the right in PWB ankle. He using crutches. Following the acute phase is a spinal cord patient who has developed and this resolution of pain and effusion, which of the wound through improper pressure on the following exercises represent the best ankle. The choice for physician's order is for a lamp to assist in training? killing the bacteria in the wound. In implementing this a. Closed chain exercises such as wall patient's slides, mini- treatment program, which of the following squats and step-ups lamps b. Progressive resistive exercises for would be utilized? quadriceps using free weights at 80% 1 RM a. Hot mercury lamp c. Resistive hip adduction in standing using b. High-pressure mercury vapor lamp an c. Low-pressure mercury vapor lamp elastic band around the ankle d. Ultraviolet lamp d. Lateral crossover running 72. A 47-year old patient with a diagnosis of CVA with left hemiplegia is referred for orthotic from an Achilles tendon repair using examination. cryotherapy. Manual muscle testing reveals hip flexion Which cryotherapeutic agent would provide 3+/5, hip the extension 3/5, knee flexion 3+/5, knee greatest magnitude of tissue cooling? extension 3+/5, ankle dorsiflexion 2/5, ankle inversion a. Frozen gel packs and b. Ice massage eversion 1/5. Sensation is intact and no c. Fluoromethane spray abnormal d. Cold water bath tone is noted. The most appropriate orthosis for this 75. A patient with a 40-degree limitation in patient is a right shoulder flexion and 35-degree limitation in a. Knee-ankle-foot orthosis with a locked lateral knee rotation is unable to perform a number of b. Plastic articulating ankle-foot orthosis activities c. Metal upright ankle-foot orthosis of daily living. Which activity would be the d. Prefabricated posterior leaf orthosis most difficult for the patient using the right upper 73. A patient admitted with stable angina extremity? and ruled out for a myocardial infarction by the level of the a. Tucking in shirt enzyme b. Combing hair creatine kinase. The patient had a positive c. Eating exercise d. Washing the left shoulder tolerance test with a testing peak heart rate of 120 76. A physical therapist is employed at a beats per minute and peak blood pressure physician of 140 owned physical therapy clinic that charges mmHg. The patient is now medicated with for Inderal treatment by the modality. One of the (Propanolol) and aspirin. Acceptable activity physicians, intensity who is an owner of the practice, requests for this patient would include that all of his patients receive a minimum of heat, a. Avoiding a peak rate pressure product of ultrasound, 120,000 based on persantine thallium test and electrical stimulation during each results treatment b. Staying in an acceptable range of 60- session. The therapist feels that the majority 80% of the of age predicted maximum heart rate patients receive little clinical benefit from the C. Maintaining 12 out of 20 on the 6-20 proposed treatment regime. The most Borg appropriate Rating of Perceived Exertion scale immediate response would be to d. Maintaining 16 out of 20 on the 6-20 Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion scale a. Ignore the physician's request and treat each 74. A physical therapist treats a patient patient as you feel is indicated rehabilitating b. Discuss with the physician the rationale of consciousness for requesting modalities on each patient 79. A physical therapist employed in a work c. Report the physician's conduct to the hardening American program performs an examination on a Medical Association patient d. Inform the physician that he is abusing diagnosed with fibromyalgia. During the the examination health care system the therapist identifies an inconsistency between the 77. During an examination of a patient with measured lumbar range of motion observed a traumatic while brain injury a physical therapist notes that lifting a milk crate from the floor to a table. the often The mumbles phrases which are non-purposeful most appropriate therapist action is in nature. As the physical therapist initiates a. Avoid discussing the identified passive inconsistency range of motion to the patient's lower with the patient extremities. b. Confront the patient with the identified The patient attempts to strike the therapist inconsistency in the c. Discuss the identified inconsistency with head. According to the Rancho Los Amigos the levels of referring physician cognitive functioning, this patient would be d. Discharge the patient from physical best therapy described at level 80. A physical therapist attempts to assess a. RLA II the integrity b. RLA IlI of the L4 spinal level. Which deep tendon C. RLA IV reflex d. RLAV would provide the therapist with the most useful 78. A 63-year-old female referred to information? physical therapy for gait training suddenly loses her balance and a. Lateral hamstrings falls to b. Medial hamstrings the floor. After rushing to the scene, it c. Patellar reflex becomes d. Achilles reflex obvious that the patient is unconscious. Which of the 81. A physical therapist completes a fitness following would be the most appropriate screening on immediate a 34-year old male prior to prescribing an response? aerobic exercise program. Which value is most a. Secure and maintain an airway representative b. File an incident report of the patient's age-predicted maximal heart c. Observe and record vital signs rate? d. Attempt to define the specific cause for the loss a. 168 b. 174 80 Hertz, pps c. 186 d. 196 84. A physical therapist who is pregnant has been 82. A physical therapist attempts to studying the use of transcutaneous auscultate over the electrical nerve aortic valve. Which of the following areas is stimulation during labor and birth to the most decrease pain appropriate to isolate the desired valve? perception. Which of the following is the most a. Second left intercostal space at the left effective technique in this situation? sternal border a. Place the electrodes over the upper b. Second right intercostal space at the right abdominals sternal during the first stages of labor and over the border lower c. Fourth left intercostal space along the abdominals during the later stages lower left b. Place the electrodes over the paraspinals sternal border at the d. Fifth left intercostal space at the L5 level and S1 level throughout labor and midclavicular delivery line c. Place the electrodes in a V pattern above the 83. The therapist decides to use electrical pubic region during labor and delivery stimulation to d. Place electrodes over the paraspinals at increase a patient's quadriceps strength. the L1 Which of and S1 level initially during labor, and over the following the best protocol? the pubic region during the latter stages a. Electrodes placed over the superior/lateral quadriceps and the vastus 85. The therapist is treating a patient who medialis obliquus; stimulation on for 15 has suffered a seconds, then off for 15 seconds recent stroke. There is a significant lack of seconds dorsiflexion in the involved lower extremity b. Electrodes over the femoral nerve in the and a proximal quadriceps and the vastus significant amount of medial/lateral ankle medialis instability. obliquus; stimulation on for 50 seconds, The therapist believes that an ankle foot then off orthosis for 10 seconds (AFO) would be beneficial. Which of the c. Electrodes over the vastus medialis following is obliquus and an inappropriate AFO? superior/lateral quadriceps; stimulation frequency a. Solid AFO set between 50 to 80 Hertz, pps b. Posterior leaf spring AFO d. Electrodes over the femoral nerve in the c. Hinged solid AFO proximal quadriceps and the vastus d. Electrical stimulation-aided AFO medialis obliquus: stimulation frequency set between 86. A physical therapist performs passive 50 to range of motion on a patient with C7 tetraplegia. The All of the following may cause this type of patient's gait bilateral straight leg raise is measured deviation except passively to 90 degrees. What should the therapist a. High medial wall conclude about b. Inadequate suspension the patient's ability to perform activities of c. Abduction contracture daily d. Prosthesis is too short living? a. The patient requires a straight leg raise of 89. A patient with right hemiplegia is 110- observed during 120 degrees in order to perform long sit and gait training. The patient performs side activities of daily living stepping b. The patient is a functional range to towards the hemiplegic side. The physical perform long therapist sit and activities of daily living may expect the patient to compensate for c. The patient's range of motion is beyond weakened the abductors by expected limit for long sit and activities of daily a. Hip hiking of the unaffected side living b. Lateral trunk flexion towards the affected d. The patient requires a straight leg raise of side 150 c. Lateral trunk flexion towards the degrees in order to perform ling sit and unaffected side activities of d. Hip extension of the affected side daily living 90. The therapist is treating a patient who 87. A physical therapist works with a patient received an status post above-elbow amputation 2 years ago. The stroke on a mat program. The therapist prosthesis assists the has a split cable that controls the elbow and patient in lateral weight shifting activities the while terminal device. With this type of prosthesis, positioned in prone on elbows. Which the therapeutic patient must first lock the elbow to allow the exercise technique allows the patient to cable to improve activate the terminal device. This is dynamic stability with this activity? accomplished with what movement? a. Alternating isometrics b. Approximation a. Extending the humerus and elevating the c. Rhythmic initiation scapula d. Timing for emphasis b. Extending the humerus and retracting the scapula 88. A patient with a transfemoral amputation c. Extending the humerus and protracting ambulates the with an abducted gait pattern on the scapula prosthetic side. d. Extending the humerus and depressing the scapula The most appropriate treatment modification is 91. A physical therapist treats a patient with superficial partial-thickness burns to the a. Decrease the intensity of the ultrasound anterior surface of his beam lower legs. In an attempt to assist the b. Reduce the size of the area being patient to sonated control the pain associated with the burns, c. Utilize an underwater technique the d. Select another thermal agent therapist rewards the patient with a lengthy rest 94. A patient with chronic obstructive period after successfully completing an pulmonary disease exercise receives two liters per minute of sequence. This type of psychological supplemental approach is oxygen using a nasal cannula. The most most representative of relevant indicator for the use of supplemental oxygen a. Distraction for the b. Extinction patient would be c. Classical conditioning d. Operant conditioning a. Arterial saturation = 85% b. Partial pressure of arterial oxygen = 70 92. A physical therapist observes excessive mmHg knee flexion c. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide = 40 from heel strike to mid-stance while mmHg observing a d. pH = 7.40 patient with a transtibial amputation during gait 95. A physical therapist hypothesizes that a training. A possible cause for the deviation patient's is persistent shoulder pain is caused by an injury to a a. The socket is aligned in excessive flexion specific upper extremity muscle. What b. The prosthesis is too short selective c. The socket is set posterior in relation to tissue tension assessment would provide the foot the d. The foot is set in neutral therapist with the most useful information to test the 93. A physical therapist administers hypothesis? ultrasound to a patient rehabilitating from a burn in an a. Active range of motion attempt to b. Active-assistive range of motion increase range of motion and decrease c. Passive range of motion joints stiffness d. Resisted isometrics in the foot. When applying ultrasound to the dorsum 96. A woman in her third trimester of of the foot, the patient complaints of pregnancy is significant referred to physical therapy with acute low discomfort from the sound head contacting back pain. the skin. During a postural examination the physical therapist identifies several significant findings. Which ankle-foot orthoses using forearm crutches of the and a following postural findings is not commonly swing-to gait pattern associated with pregnancy? d. The patient is able to ambulate independently in a. Decrease in cervical lordosis the parallel bars with bilateral ankle-foot- b. Increase in lumbar lordosis orthoses c. Hyperextension of the knees and a swing-to gait pattern d. Protraction of the shoulder girdle 99. A physical therapist working on an 97. A therapist assesses a patient's blood oncology unit pressure using reviews the medical chart of a patient prior the brachial artery. Which of the following to statements is not accurate when performing initiating an exercise program. The patient's this cell technique? counts are as follows: hematocrit 24 ml/dL, white a. Explain the procedure to the patient in blood cells 2,500 x103 mm3, platelet 80,000 terms mm3 appropriate to his or her level of hemoglobin 7 gm/dL. Based on the patient's understanding blood b. Expose the arm and place it at heart level counts, which of the following would be the with most the elbow extended accurate statement regarding the patient's c. Wrap the blood pressure cuff around the allowable arm exercise level? approximately 4 to 6 inches above the antecubital a. No exercise is allowed fossa b. Light exercise is allowed d. Place the diaphragm of the stethoscope c. Active exercise is allowed over the d. Resistive exercise is allowed brachial artery in the antecubital fossa 100. A physical therapist is ordered to 98. A realistic long term goal for a patient provide gait training with T10 for an 18-year old girl who received a partial paraplegia is medial meniscectomy of the right knee one day a. The patient is able to ambulate with earlier. The bilateral patient was independent in ambulation knee-ankle-foot orthoses using forearm without an crutches assistive device before surgery and has no and a four-point gait pattern cognitive b. The patient is able to ambulate with deficits. The patient's weight bearing status bilateral is ankle-foot orthoses using forearm crutches currently partial weight bearing on the and a involved lower three-point gait pattern extremity. Which of the following is the most c. The patient is able to ambulate with appropriate assistive device and gait bilateral pattern? a. Crutches, three-point gait pattern b. Standard walker, three-point gait pattern c. Standard walker, four-point gait pattern d. Crutches, swing-to gait pattern 101. A therapist is assisting a patient with pre-gait activities who has been fitted with a hip disarticulation prosthesis. To ambulate with the most correct gait pattern, what must be mastered first? a. Forward weight shift on to the prosthesis b. Swing-through of the prosthesis c. Maintain stability while in single limb support on the prosthesis d. Posterior pelvic tilt to advance the prosthesis 102. A 29-year old woman is referred to a therapist with a diagnosis of recurrent ankle sprains. The patient has a history of several inversion ankle sprains within the past year. No edema or redness is noted at this time. Which of the following is the best treatment plan? a. Gastrocnemius stretching, ankle strengthening, and ice b. Rest, ice, compression, elevation, and ankle strengthening c. Ankle strengthening and a proprioception program d. Rest, ice. compression. elevation, and gastrocnemius stretching 103. A patient with fibromyalgia has performance deficits in ADLs, including lack of a daily routine because of a loss of energy and motivation to engage in daily occupations, depression and anxiety, and difficulty managing home and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) because of fatigue and pain. Based on these performance deficits, the initial focus of treatment should be a. Completing IADL tasks independently b. Establishing a new daily routine that can be done within the patient's tolerance c. Referring to a support group to address depression and anxiety d. Energy conservation and activities for pain management 104. During examination of a patient with neck pain and left arm pain, the therapist is suspicious of a C6 nerve root irritation. Which of the findings below will help confirm that condition? a. Weakness in shoulder abduction of left arm b. Decreased triceps reflex on left compared to right c. Decreased biceps reflex on left compared to right d. Increased tone in left biceps 105. A patient recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis presents to a physical therapy clinic. The patient asks the therapist what she needs to avoid with this condition. Which of the following should the patient avoid? a. Hot tubs b. Slightly increased intake of fluids c. Application of ice packs d. Strength training 106. During ambulation, a physical therapist notices that the patient is exhibiting genu recurvatum during the stance phase of the gait cycle. Of the choices listed below, the most likely cause for the observed gait deviation is a. A tight gluteus maximus b. Tight hip flexors c. A tight gastrocnemius-soleus complex d. Tight ankle dorsiflexors 107. What clinical examination technique will establish whether an infant's hip is dislocated but reducible? a. Barlow test b. Ortolani's maneuver c. Hoffman test d. Galeazzi maneuver 108. A 17-year old football player is referred to the outpatient physical therapy clinic with a diagnosis of a recent third-degree medial collateral ligament sprain of the knee. The patient wishes to return to playing football as soon as possible. Which protocol below is the best? a. Fit the patient with a brace that prevents him from actively moving the knee into the last available 20 degrees of extension. Prescribe general lower extremity strengthening with the exception of side-lying hip adduction b. Do not fit the patient with a brace. All lower extremity strengthening exercises are indicated c. Fit the patient with a brace that prevents him from actively moving the knee into the last available 20 degrees of extension. Avoid all open- chain strengthening for the lower extremity d. Do not fit the patient with a brace. Prescribe general lower extremity strengthening with the exception of side-lying hip adduction 109. An MRI study of the shoulder typically includes three anatomic planes of study. Image slices taken perpendicular to the long axis of the scapular spine are identified as what plane of study? a. Coronal oblique b. Axial c. Sagittal oblique d. Lateral 110. During physical therapy examination, the patient has full ROM bilaterally. Muscle tone at rest appears normal bilaterally. Reflexes on the right side are 2+. On the left they are 1+. What is the next thing you should test for? a. Repeat reflex testing with Jendrassik maneuver to enhance deep tendon reflex on the left b. Spasticity testing on the left due to increased reflexes c. Assess for associated reactions as patient has upper motor neuron syndrome findings on the left d. Cognition, as the patient may have been confused with reflex testing so results could be unreliable 111. A physical therapist is asked to examine a 37-year old man with right-side sciatica. The therapist performs a passive straight leg raise test of the right lower extremity with the knee and ankle in neutral position. In performing this test on a patient with an L5 disc protrusion, what is the lowest degree at which the therapist would expect to reproduce the patient's symptoms? a. At O degrees of hip flexion b. At 35 degrees of hip flexion c. At 70 degrees of hip flexion d. At 90 degrees of hip flexion 112. You have decided to use a whirlpool treatment to decrease spasticity of a muscle in conjunction with passive exercise. Which of the following whirlpool temperatures would be the most appropriate to help achieve this? a. Warm: 96-99° F (35 5-37° C) 0 b. Cool: 67-80° F (19-27° C) c. Cold: 55-67° F (13-19° C) d. Verv cold: 32-55° F (0-13° C) 113. A patient with venous insufficiency in his lower extremities is referred for instructions on the use of pneumatic compression pump at home. What inflation pressure and treatment time will you use to initiate this compression treatment? a. Continuous pressure equal to patient's diastolic blood pressure for 20-30 minutes b. Continuous pressure between 30-50 mmHg for 20-30 minutes c. Intermittent pressure of higher than 30 mmHg for one hour d. Intermittent pressure between 40-80 mmHg for 2 hours 114. An exposure to ultraviolet rays which does not produce any visible reaction is a a. First erythemal dose b. Test dose c. Trial dose d. Second erythemal dose e. Suberythemal dose 115. An 80-year old patient is being seen for balance instability and frequent falls. She arrives for a therapy session complaining of pain and tingling in the forehead, cheek and jaw on the left side of the face. An inspection of the trunk reveals the eruption of vesicle in the distribution of the T2 dermatome. The therapist's best course of action is to a. Refer the patient back to the physician immediatelv b. Utilize warm water wraps to relieve pain and continue with balance training c. Have the patient exercise in the pool d. Have the patient keep a diary charting the course and frequency of pain over the next week 116. A PT prepares to perform a Lachman test on a patient with suspected ACL injury. Why is the Lachman test considered to be more accurate than the anterior drawer test? a. Hand placement is more difficult in the anterior drawer test b. The anterior joint capsule is more lax in the anterior drawer test c. The hamstrings pull in direct opposition to the anterior drawer test and often prevent anterior translation of the tibia on femur d. The shape of the menisci allow greater anterior tibial translation in a position emphasizing knee flexion 117. Early intervention programs are usually required to use a developmental test which is standardized and comprehensive. The best choice for a PT to use for motor developmental testing would be the a. APGAR test b. Denver Developmental Motor Scale c. Peabody Developmental Motor Scale d. Branzelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale 118. Which of the following is the most likely cause of reduced vital capacity in a patient who has quadriplegia at the C5-C6 level? a. Decreased anterolateral chest expansion resulting from paralysis of the external intercostals b. Inability of the patient to generate negative intrapleural pressure secondary to denervated diaphragm c. A relatively high resting position of diaphragm from paralysis of the abdominal muscles d. Reduced rib cage elevation due to paralysis of the scalene and SCM 119. A patient with post-polio syndrome undertook an unsupervised walking program and began experiencing symptoms of increased weakness, fatigue, and muscle pain. The therapist's best plan for exercise programming for this patient is to a. Utilize a blocked practice schedule and submaximal exercise intensity b. Institute alternative day 30 minute sessions of pool exercises c. Reduce the intensity of exercise and utilize a distributed practice schedule d. Begin daily treadmill training at 70% maximal oxygen consumption 120. A patient status post CVA with abnormal tone on the right side leis supine in bed. The patient's physical therapist discourages her from lying supine for long periods of time because a. The position can cause shoulder-hand syndrome b. The position increases inferior subluxation c. The position encourages tonic neck and labyrinthine reflexes d. The position increases tone in the pectoralis 121. A 45-year old woman fractures the second metatarsal bone of the right foot in a fall from a small kitchen ladder. The fracture appeared to be in good alignment and healing well on x-ray, but the patient continued to complain of foot pain. After the cast was removed about eight weeks after the fracture, the patient continued to have pain and would walk only with crutches bearing no weight on the right foot. An x-ray six months after the fracture showed patchy osteoporosis of the bones of the foot and ankle. She was still not walking on the foot and the foot and ankle were cold, swollen and tender upon palpation. The most appropriate type of hydrotherapy for this patient would be a. Warm soak two times per day b. Hot and cold contrast bath to the right ankle and foot followed by active assistive range of motion exercises c. Hot towels to the right foot daily d. Whirlpool treatment in the extremity tank with a water temperature of 40° C e. None of these since the patient actually needs more time in a cast 122. A 3-year old with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had been doing well at home for the last 6 months. The child has just been diagnosed with pneumonia. The chest x-ray shows an infiltrate at the right base on the AP film and the infiltrate is anterior on the lateral view. You are teaching the parents how to perform postural drainage on the child. The proper position would be lying on the a. Left side, rotated ¼ turn forward with the feet elevated higher than the head b. Right side, rotated ¼ turn backwards with the feet elevated higher than the head c. Right side, rotated ¼ turn forward with the feet elevated, higher than the head d. Left side, rotated ¼ turn backwards with the feet elevated higher than the head 123. Which of the following is the correct method to test for interossei muscular tightness of the hand? a. Passively flex the PIP joints with the MCP joints in extension, then passively flex the PIP joints with the MCP joints in flexion. Record the difference in PIP joint passive flexion b. Passively extend the PIP joints with the MCP joints in extension, then passively extend the PIP joints with the MCP joints in flexion. Record the difference in PIP joint passive flexion c. Passively flex the PIP joints with the MCP joints in extension, then passively extend the PIP joints with the MCP joints in flexion. Record the difference in PIP joint passive flexion d. Passively extend the PIP joints with the MCP joints in extension, then passively flex the PIP joints with the MCP joints in flexion. Record the difference in PIP joint passive flexion 124. A 48-year old woman is being examined by a physical therapist. Her diagnosis is right rotator cuff tendinitis. She reports right shoulder weakness and pain for the past 2 months. The patient describes "pins and needles" over the lateral right shoulder and upper extremity, extending into the thumb. She also reports no causative trauma. Manual muscle testing in the right upper extremity reveals the following data: flexion = 4/5, extension = 3+/5, abduction = 3+/5, adduction = 4/5, internal rotation = 3+/5, and external rotation = 3+/5. Manual muscle testing in the left upper extremity reveals the following data: flexion = 4+/5, extension = 5/5, abduction = 5/5, adduction = 4+/5, internal rotation = 4+/5, and external rotation = 4+/5. Active and passive shoulder range of motion is within normal limits and equal bilaterally. All thoracic outlet tests are negative. All shoulder special tests are negative. Which of the following steps would most likely assess the source of the patient's problems? a. Elbow strength and range of motion testing b. Grip strength testing c. Cervical spine testing d. Scapular muscle strength testing 125. A 25 year-old male is diagnosed with a first degree acromioclavicular sprain. The injury occurred two days ago after being checked into the boards while playing hockey. Which of the following would you not expect to be true during the initial examination? a. Increased elevation of the clavicular end of acromion b. Inability to bring the arm completely across the chest c. Inability to fully abduct the arm throughout the full range of motion d. Point tenderness on palpation of the injury site 126. A patient rehabilitating from a spinal cord injury works on self range of motion activities in sitting. Suddenly, the patient begins to demonstrate signs and symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia. The most appropriate therapist action is a. Keep the patient in sitting, monitor blood pressure, and check the bowel and bladder for impairment b. Lie the patient flat, monitor blood pressure, and check the bowel and bladder for impairment c. Lie the patient flat, monitor blood pressure and give the patient fluids d. Keep the patient sitting, monitor blood pressure, wait for medical assistance 127. A patient's lawyer calls the therapist requesting his or her client's clinical records. The lawyer states that he or she needs the records to pay the patient's bill. What is the best course of action? a. Tell the lawyer either to have the patient request a copy of the records or to have the patient sign a medical release b. Fax the needed chart to the lawyer c. Mail a copy of the chart to the patient d. Call the patient and tell him or her of the recent development 128. A therapist instructs a female athlete to complete ten minutes of stretching before beginning her treadmill program. While observing the athlete stretching her hamstrings, the therapist notices repetitive bouncing and a failure to maintain the stretch for more than five seconds. Why is this type of stretching considered to be inadequate? a. The athlete should maintain each stretch for at least 30 seconds b. The athlete should stretch only after running on the treadmill c. The athlete is activating the stretch reflex d. The athlete should remain activity specific and does not need to stretch the hamstrings if she is running on the treadmill 129. The length of a patient's hamstrings is tested in supine using a straight leg raise. While raising the tested lower extremity, the therapist attempts to stabilize the contralateral limb. If the patient has tight hip flexors which result in an excessive anterior pelvic tilt, what can the therapist conclude about the patient's measured hamstrings length? a. Actual length is greater than measured length b. Actual length is less than measured length c. Short hip flexors do not influence apparent hamstrings length d. The apparent length measured is the actual length 130. A therapist attempts to select an assistive device for a patient rehabilitating from a traumatic brain injury. The patient is frequently impulsive, however has fair standing balance and good upper and lower extremity strength. Which of the following would be the most appropriate assistive device? a. Cane b. Axillary crutches c. Lofstrand crutches d. Walker 131. A therapist responsible for developing a cardiac rehabilitation program lists goals for a phase I program. Which of the following goals would not be appropriate for this program? a. Ensure the continuity of the exercise program with a transition to the home environment b. Establish a patient and family education program c. Collect clinical data that contributes to the patient's prognosis and thus medical management d. Assess hemodynamic responses to self-care and progressive ambulation activities 132. A therapist attempts to assess the dorsal pedal pulse of a patient diagnosed with peripheral vascular disease. To locate the dorsal pedal pulse the therapist should palpate a. Between the extensor hallucis longus and the extensor digitorum longs tendons on the dorsum of the foot b. Between the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus tendons on the dorsum of the foot c. Immediately posterior to the medial malleolus d. Immediately posterior to the lateral malleolus 133. A therapist examines a patient referred to physical therapy diagnosed with a medial collateral ligament sprain. During the examination the patient appears to be relaxed and comfortable, however is extremely withdrawn. Which of the following questions would be the most appropriate to further engage the patient? a. Is this the first time you have injured your knee? b. Have you ever been to physical therapy before? c. How long after your injury did you see a physician? d. What do you hope to achieve in physical open ended therapy? 134. A physical therapist assistant is employed by a home health agency and as a result routinely conducts patient visits without direct on site supervision from a physical therapist. Which guideline is most appropriate when determining the frequency of supervisory visits? a. Supervisory visits should take place when convenient for the physical therapist and the  with patient need physical therapist assistant b. Supervisory visits should take place in accordance with patient need c. Supervisory visits should take place on a weekly basis d. Supervisory visits should take place at least once every third visit 135. Your 31-year old male patient presents with his third episode of extreme pain at the first MTP joint of the right foot. Clinical examination and laboratory results indicate gouty arthritis as the diagnosis. Which drug is least appropriate for acute care? a. Colchicines b. Indomethacin c. Probenecid dont probe the gout d. Ibuprofen 136. Furosimide, 40 mg twice a day, is prescribed for your congestive heart failure patient who is also taking Lanoxin. What is your chief monitoring concern? a. Hypervolemia b. Hypokalemia lalowxin c. Hypercalcemia hypokalemia d. Hyperkalemia 137. The biguanide group of oral hypoglycemic agents includes metformin. Metformin has what characteristic of note to physical therapists? a. No hypoglycemic effect b. Interferes with carbohydrate absorption filling up form delays c. Delays carbohydrate absorption ca absorption d. Will not cause nausea 138. A patient cannot find his dentures when they are on his crowded bedside table. His visual acuity tests at 20/20 with the Snellen eye chart. The physical therapist suspects problems with a. Figure-ground discrimination b. Body scheme awareness c. Agraphia d. Vertical orientation 139. A physical therapist is teaching a class in geriatric fitness/strengthening at a local gym. Which of the following is not a general guideline for exercise prescription in this patient population? a. To increase exercise intensity, increase treadmill speed rather than the grade b. Start at a low intensity (2-3 METS) c. Use machines for strength training rather than free weights d. Set weight resistance so that the patient can perform more than 8 repetitions before fatigue 140. A physical therapist is speaking to a group of avid tennis players. The group asks how to prevent tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis). Which of the following is incorrect information? a. Primarily use the wrist and elbow extensors during a backhand stroke b. Begin the backhand stroke in shoulder adduction and internal rotation c. Use a racket that has a large grip d. Use a light racket **Normal values: 141. A therapist reviews the results of a patient's arterial blood gases. The report indicates the following: PaO2 = 45 mmHg, PaCO2 = 55 mmHg, HCO3 = 24 mEq/L, pH 7.35-7.45 pH = 7.20. These values are most indicative of a. Respiratory acidosis PaCO2 35-45 mm Hg b. Respiratory alkalosis c. Metabolic acidosis d. Metabolic alkalosis Bicarb 22-26 mEq/L 142. A therapist prepares to treat a patient with continuous ultrasound. Which general rule best determines the length of treatment when using ultrasound? a. 2 minutes for every area that is 2-3 times the size of the transducer face b. 5 minutes for every area that is 2-3 times the size of the transducer face c. 5 minutes is the maximum treatment time regardless of the treatment area d. 10 minutes is the maximum treatment time regardless of the treatment area 143. A patient is referred to physical therapy range of motion and strengthening exercises after sustaining an anterior dislocation of the right shoulder. The patient was immobilized in a sling and swathe for four weeks and it has been five weeks since the injury date. Which activity would be the most appropriate for the patient to begin strengthening of the involved shoulder? a. Medial and lateral rotation in sidelying with two pounds weights within the available range of motion b. Medial and lateral rotation using elastic tubing with the arm at the patient's side and elbow at 90 degrees c. Isokinetic medial and lateral rotation at speeds less than 120 degrees per second d. Isometric strengthening exercises with the arm positioned at the patient's side 144. A therapist records grip strength measurements on a patient diagnosed with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. Which description does not accurately describe typical results when using a hand held dynamometer? a. A bell curve is seen when charting multiple recordings from adjustable hand spacings in consecutive order b. Twenty to twenty five percent differences in grip strength may be seen between the dominant and non-dominant hand c. Discrepancies of more than twenty five percent in a test-retest situation may indicate the patient is not exerting maximal force d. An individual who does not exert maximal force for each test will not show the typical bell curve 145. A therapist treats a patient with a fractured left hip. The patient is weight bearing as tolerated and uses a large base quad cane for gait activities. Correct use of the quad cane would include a. Using the quad cane on the left with the longer legs positioned away from the patient b. Using the quad cane on the right with the longer legs positioned away from the patient c. Using the quad cane on the left with the longer legs positioned toward the patient d. Using the quad cane on the right with the longer legs positioned toward the patient 146. A therapist is assisting a patient with an injury at the C5 level in performing an effective cough. The patient has experienced significant neurologic damage and is unable to perform an independent, effective cough. If the patient is in a supine position, which of the following methods is most likely to produce an effective cough? a. The therapist places the heel of one hand just above the xiphoid process, instructs the patient to take a deep breath while pressing down moderately on the sternum, and instructs the patient to cough b. The therapist places the heel of one hand, reinforced with the other hand, just above the xiphoid process, instructs the patient to take a deep breath, instructs the patient to hold the breath, and presses moderately as the patient coughs c. The therapist places the heel of one hand on the area just above the umbilicus, instructs the patient to take a deep breath, applies moderate pressure, and releases pressure just before the patient attempts to cough d. The therapist places the heel of one hand just above the umbilicus, instructs the patient to take a deep breath, and applies moderate pressure as the patient is instructed to cough 147. A 60-year old woman who has suffered a recent stroke has right-side homonymous hemianopsia. Which of the following statements is true about placement of eating utensils in early rehabilitation? a. The utensils should be placed on the left side of the plate b. The utensils should be placed on the right side of the plate c. The utensils should be placed on both sides of the plate d. The plate and utensils should be placed slightly to the right 148. It is extremely important to thoroughly instruct the patients about specific precautions before and after total hip replacement surgery. Patients that do not understand or choose to disregard this information often experience subluxation or dislocation. Which of the following would be considered good advice after total hip replacement surgery? a. Use a raised toilet seat b. Use an abduction pillow for one week postoperatively c. Avoid sitting in high and hard chairs d. Slowly bend forward when picking objects from the floor 149. A patient begins to demonstrate signs and symptoms of a seizure including uncontrollable muscular movements, convulsions, and confused behavior. Appropriate intervention would include a. Attempt to check airway breathing and circulation b. Place a soft object between the patient's teeth c. Hold or restrain the patient d. Protect the victim from injury, but do not restrain 150. A therapist treats a 32 year-old female diagnosed with thoracic outlet syndrome. While exercising the patient begins to complain of feeling light headed and dizzy. The therapist immediately ushers the patient to a nearby chair and begins to monitor her vital signs. The therapist measures the patient's respiration rate as 10 breaths per minute, pulse rate of 45 beats per minute, and blood pressure of 115/85 mmHg. Which of the following statements is most accurate? a. Pulse rate and respiration rate are below normal levels b. Pulse rate and blood pressure are above normal levels c. Blood pressure and respiration are above normal levels d. The patient's vital signs are within normal limits PT APPS (151-200) 151.A 14-year old with a body mass index of 33 kg/mZ and a history of limited participation in physical activities is referred for exercise training. The nutritionist has prescribed a diet limiting his caloric intake. The best initial exercise prescription is a. Three weekly sessions of 60 minutes at 50% VO2max b. Three weekly sessions of 50 minutes at 75-85% VO2max c. Three weekly sessions of 30 minutes at 65-70% V02max d. Two daily sessions of 30 minutes at 45-70% VO2max 152.A patient with a traumatic brain injury presents with hemiparesis. The examination reveals slight cutaneous and proprioceptive impairment, fair (3/5) strength of the shoulder muscles and triceps, and slight spasticity of the biceps. Voluntary control of the patient's left arm has not progressed since admission. The therapist decides to use FES and place the active electrode on the triceps to facilitate active extension of the elbow. The timing sequence best to apply is a. No ramp up, 10-second stimulation, 2-second ramp down b. 2-second ramp up, 10-second stimulation, no ramp down c. 2-second ramp up, 5-second stimulation, 2 second ramp down d. 5-second ramp-up, 5-second stimulation, 5-second ramp down 153. An elderly male patient recovering from a fractured hip repaired with ORIF has recently been discharged home. During a home visit, his wife tells the therapist that he woke up yesterday morning and told her he couldn't remember much. Upon examination, the therapist finds some mild motor loss in his right hand and anomia. The therapist affirms the presence of short-term memory loss. The best course of action is to a. Advise the family to document and record any new problems that they notice over the next week and then report back to the therapist b. Ignore the findings because they are expected after surgical anesthesia c. Refer him to his physician immediately because the therapist suspects a stroke d. Refer him to his physician because the therapist suspects Alzheimer's disease 154. A patient with spastic hemiplegia is referred to the therapist for ambulation training. The patient is having difficulty with standing up from a seated position as the result of co-contraction of the quadriceps and hamstrings during the knee and hip extension phase. The therapist wishes to use biofeedback beginning with simple knee extension exercise in the seated position. The plan is to progress to sit-to-stand training. The initial biofeedback protocol should consist of a. Low detection sensitivity with recording electrodes placed far apart b. High detection sensitivity with recording electrodes placed closely together c. Low detection sensitivity with recording electrodes placed closely together d. High detection sensitivity with recording electrodes placed far apart 155. A patient recovering from stroke is ambulatory without an assistive device and demonstrates a consistent problem with an elevated and retracted pelvis on the affected side. The best therapeutic exercise strategy is to manually apply a.Downward compression during stance b. Light resistance to posterior pelvic elevation during swing c. Anterior directed pressure during swing d. Light resistance to forward pelvic rotation during swing 156. A young, otherwise healthy, adult is recovering from a complete spinal cord injury (ASIA A) at the level of L4. Functional expectations for this patient include a. Ambulation using bilateral AFOs and canes b. Ambulation using bilateral KAFOs, crutches, and a swing-through gait C. Ambulation using reciprocating gait orthoses and a reciprocating walker d. Ambulation using bilateral KAFOs and a reciprocating walker 157. Therapist hand/finger placements for postero-anterior mobilization techniques to improve down-gliding/closure of the T7-T8 facet joints should be located at the a. Spinous process of T6 b. Transverse processes of T8 c. Spinous process of T8 d. Transverse processes of T7 158. A patient suffered a meniscus injury and had to undergo meniscal repair surgery. The patient wants to know when walking can commence after the surgery. The earliest the patient would be allowed to weight bear after the surgery is a. At the end of postsurgical week 1 b. Immediately c. At the end of postsurgical week 3 d. At the end of postsurgical week 2 159. An adolescent felt a "clunk" in the lumbar spine 2 weeks ago while lifting weights. There was immediate right lumbar pain and spasm. Posteroanterior and bilateral radiographic views of the lumbar spine were normal except L4 was shifted approximately 1 mm anterior to L5 on the lateral views. Which of the following imaging techniques would give the PT the best information regarding a diagnosis and formulating a plan of care for this individual? a. Posteroanterior computed tomography (CT) scan b. Posteroanterior T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) c. Bilateral oblique radiographs d. Right oblique radiograph 160. To increase the step length of a patient with a right transfemoral amputation who is taking an inadequate step with the limb, the therapist should a. Provide anterior-di