Psychopharm Quizzes PDF

# PSYCHOPHARM QUIZZES ## QUIZ 1: ### Question 1 Toxic substances in the blood trigger a vomiting response by activating the * blood-brain barrier. * choroid plexus. * **area postrema**. * median eminence. ### Question 2 The absorption of a drug depends on all of the following except * lipid sol...

# PSYCHOPHARM QUIZZES ## QUIZ 1: ### Question 1 Toxic substances in the blood trigger a vomiting response by activating the * blood-brain barrier. * choroid plexus. * **area postrema**. * median eminence. ### Question 2 The absorption of a drug depends on all of the following except * lipid solubility. * ionization. * **body temperature**. * the concentration of the drug. ### Question 3 Drugs that are ______should be avoided by women of childbearing age. * **teratogenic** * able to cross the placental barrier * psychoactive * highly lipid-soluble ### Question 4 Which factor does not affect the pharmacokinetics of a drug? * Route of administration * **Lipid solubility** * Depot binding * Drug action ### Question 5 Which statement about microsomal enzymes in the liver is false? * **They are highly specific and act only on certain compounds.** * They are located on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. * The CYP450 family is one of the most important. * They can metabolize toxins and environmental pollutants as well as drugs. ### Question 6 Biotransformation of drugs in the liver often occurs in two stages; phase I changes are ______ and include ______. * **nonsynthetic; conjugation** * synthetic; conjugation * **nonsynthetic; oxidation** * synthetic; oxidation ### Question 7 Which of the following scenarios illustrates the nocebo effect? * **Participants are warned about potential negative side effects of a drug, and experience negative effects even though the actual drug that administered is completely inert.** * Participants are warned about potential negative side effects of a drug but do not experience effects because the actual drug that was administered is completely inert. * Participants are not warned about potential negative side effects of a drug that can produce negative side effects, but do not experience the effects because they don't expect them. * Participants are not warned about potential negative side effects of a drug because they are being given an inert substance, but they do experience side effects due to the anxiety of not knowing. ### Question 8 Depot binding is said to occur when drugs * bind to their target sites. * **bind to inactive sites.** * compete for binding sites. * are excreted before binding. ### Question 9 After drug administration has occurred, the amount of drug in the blood that is free to bind at specific target sites is referred to as * the therapeutic dose. * first-pass effects. * **bioavailability.** * ED50. ### Question 10 Drug metabolism mostly occurs in the ______ and usually makes a drug more ______ soluble. * kidneys; fat * liver; fat * **liver; water** * kidneys; water ## QUIZ 2: ### Question 1 ______ tolerance occurs as a result of cellular adaptation to the presence of a specific drug. * **Cross** * Drug disposition ### Question 2 While pharmacokinetics describes how the body deals with drugs, ______ describes how drug molecules interact with their targets. * drug effects * **pharmacodynamics** * antagonist actions * agonist actions ### Question 3 After chronic use, the need to administer more of a drug to achieve the same drug effect is known as * sensitization. * antagonism. * potentiation. * **Tolerance.** ### Question 4 Both agonists and antagonists have ______ but only agonists have appreciable ______. * interactions; affinity * affinity; bioavailability * efficacy; affinity * **affinity; efficacy** ### Question 5 Which of the following is not a goal of pharmacogenetics? * **Assessing addiction potential** * Selecting the best drug for a given individual * Predicting therapeutic outcome * Minimizing serious toxic reactions ### Question 6 The ______ index is a measure of drug safety and is calculated by comparing the dose of a drug that produces a particular drug-induced toxic effect in 50% of a given population with the dose of the drug that produces a particular therapeutic effect. * **therapeutic** * dose * optimal * absolute ### Question 7 A pharmacoepigenetic approach to drug response: * takes into account only those factors that are related to behavioral factors. * **takes into account factors that can alter gene function that the result of environmental and behavioral factors.** * involves testing drugs among individuals with different blood types. * involves testing drugs at different levels over a set period of time to find the appropriate dose. ### Question 8 Sensitization is most often seen with which class of drugs? * Barbiturates * **Psychomotor stimulants** * Opiates * Hallucinogens ### Question 9 Repeated use of many psychoactive drugs can cause ______ which can speed up the rate of biotransformation of these drugs as well as others. * drug competition * enzyme inhibition * **enzyme induction** * Tolerance ### Question 10 The baseline receptor function, which occurs when neurotransmitter receptors are active even without a neurotransmitter or drug agonist, is called * **constitutive activity.** * the steady state. * maximal efficacy. * up-regulation. ## QUIZ 3 ### Question 1 The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for ______ functions and uses ______ as its neurotransmitter(s). * energy conservation; acetylcholine only * fight-or-flight; acetylcholine only * **fight-or-flight; acetylcholine and norepinephrine** ### Question 2 During the ______ period, no additional action potentials can be created. * **absolute refractory** * conduction * integration * relative refractory ### Question 3 Which statement about action potentials is false? * They are considered all-or-none. * **Extreme excitation will result in a very large action potential.** * They can move via saltatory conduction in myelinated axons. * They are generated at the axon hillock. ### Question 4 In a myelinated axon, action potentials are regenerated: * at the terminal buttons. * all along the axon. * **at gaps in the myelin known as nodes of Ranvier.** * at the axon hillock. ### Question 5 Which statement about local potentials is false? * They are generated on the dendrites and cell body. * **They occur only if threshold is reached.** * They move passively along the membrane. * They are integrated at the axon hillock. ### Question 6 With regard to glial cells, ______ form the myelin sheath in the CNS, while ______ help maintain the ionic and chemical environment. * Schwann cells; astrocytes * **oligodendroglia; astrocytes** * oligodendroglia; microglia * Schwann cells; microglia ### Question 7 Neurons rely on ______ for protection, metabolic support, and insulation. * mitochondria * **glial cells** * axoplasm * dendritic spines ### Question 8 Action potentials are first generated at the axon hillock because this is where ______ are located. * non-gated K+ channels * **voltage-gated Na+ channels** * transporters * Na+-K+ pumps ### Question 9 A person eats a meal that includes mussels. Soon after eating the person experiences trouble breathing. This person most likely ingested saxitoxin, which has its effect by ______ channels. * **blocking voltage-gated Na+** * opening voltage-gated Na+ * blocking voltage-gated Cl- * blocking voltage-gated Cl- ### Question 10 Which of the following most accurately describes the steps involved in protein synthesis? * Transcription factors activate promoter region → translation by ribosomes → transcription by mRNA * **Transcription factors activate promoter region → transcription by mRNA → translation by ribosomes** * Translation by ribosomes → transcription factors activate promoter region → transcription by mRNA * Transcription by mRNA → transcription factors activate promoter region → translation by ribosomes