Psychiatric Nursing Handout PDF

Mental Illness is characterized by a disturbance in an individual’s physical, emotional, mental and social well being which may be due to a genetic, physiological, biological chemical imbalance. Mental Hygiene is the science that deals with mental health. Mental Health is the state of complete phys...

Mental Illness is characterized by a disturbance in an individual’s physical, emotional, mental and social well being which may be due to a genetic, physiological, biological chemical imbalance. Mental Hygiene is the science that deals with mental health. Mental Health is the state of complete physical, emotional, mental, and social well being in matters relating to mental health and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Psychiatric Nursing is an interpersonal process where the professional nurse, through the therapeutic use of self assists an individual, family, group or community, to promote mental health, prevent mental illness and suffering, participate in the treatment and rehabilitation for the mentally-ill and if necessary to find meaning in these experiences. Page 1 of 19 Definition An impaired nurse is one who is: 1. unable to meet the requirements of the code of ethics and standards of practice of the profession 2. has cognitive, interpersonal or psychomotor skills affected by psychiatric illness and/or drug or alcohol abuse and addiction. An impaired nurse is characterized by: Inappropriate clothing Mood swings Preoccupation with death and illness Absenteeism Increased personal phone time Rigidity (unable to change plans) Exaggerated self-importance Difficulty in remembering procedures and Instructions Closed-door syndrome is common among impaired nurses. Page 2 of 19  Verbal Non Verbal (include: kinesthetics, paralanguage and Spatial orientation) Meta Communication SENDER INTENT MESSAGE RECEIVER CHANNEL FEEDBACK CONTEXT Communication is the reciprocal exchange of ideas, beliefs, attitudes and feelings between or among individuals. Page 3 of 19  10. Summarizing includes the primary and main points of the conversation Ex. Today we talked about… GENERAL PRINCIPLES 1. OPEN-ENDED vs. CLOSEENDED questions 2. WHY vs. WHAT question 3. Focus on the common communication techniques in the NLE Therapeutic Communication involves the use of a collection of techniques that prioritizes the physical, mental and emotional well being of patients. What are the 10 most frequently asked common communication techniques in the NLE? 1. Giving broad opening allows the patient to pick the topic for the conversation Ex. What is on your mind today? 2. Active listening is the process of listening attentively Ex. Provide undivided attention and defer judgment 3. Focusing means taking notice of a single word or idea Ex. Who are you referring to when you say ‘they’ 4. Reflecting entails paraphrasing and restating the words and feelings of the speaker Ex. You are telling me that you are Frustrated 5. Re-stating means repeating the main idea Ex. You seem to be saying that you were content with what you have 6. Suggesting collaboration involves offering to share and work with the patient for his benefit Ex. Perhaps you and I can create your schedule of activities 7. Encouraging verbalization facilitates expression of ideas and feelings Ex. Tell me more 8. Clarifying involves re-stating an unclear message Ex. Did I understand it right when you said… 9. Presenting reality entails assisting the patient to distinguish what is real and not Ex. I understand that the voices are real to you but not to me Page 4 of 19 Page 5 of 19  What are the determinants of personality? The four determinants of personality are: Physical/Biological Intellectual Psychological Social What are the different theories of personalities? Piaget’s Cognitive Theory of Development Personality refers to the integration of the systems and habits that represents an individual’s characteristic adjustment to his environment Page 6 of 19 Freud’s Psychosexual Theory of Development Erickson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development Page 7 of 19 Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development Page 8 of 19 Page 9 of 19 Page 10 of 19 Page 11 of 19 Page 12 of 19 Page 13 of 19 Page 14 of 19 Page 15 of 19 Page 16 of 19 Page 17 of 19 Page 18 of 19 Page 19 of 19