Fundamentals of Nursing Lecture Module 1 PDF

Must have developed a scientific technique which is the result of tested experience Must require the exercise of discretion and judgment as t...

Must have developed a scientific technique which is the result of tested experience Must require the exercise of discretion and judgment as to time and manner of the performance of duty. This is in contrast to the kind of work which is subject to standardization in terms of unit performance or time element Must have a group of consciousness designed to extend Nursing is often described as a caring profession. scientific knowledge in technical language It is a Profession that combines science and art with the end Must have sufficient self-impelling power to retain its of view of assisting patients as they move between the members throughout life. It must not be used as a mere Health and Illness Continuum. stepping stone to other occupation The Nurses of today is considered the backbone of the Must recognize its obligations to society by insisting that its healthcare system members live up to an established code of ethics Nursing World (2020) described nurses as the Key to the Health of the Nation as there are over 4 million registered A profession applies its body of knowledge in practical nurses where one in every 100 people is a registered nurse. services that are vital to human welfare, and especially They added that nurses are in every community whether suited to the tradition of seasoned practitioners shaping the large or small rendering expert care from birth up to the end skills of newcomers to the role of life with roles ranging from direct patient care and case It constantly enlarges the body of knowledge it uses and management to the establishment of nursing practice subsequently imposes on its members a lifelong obligation standards, the development of quality assurance to remain current in order to “do no harm”. procedures, and providing for the direction of complex A profession functions autonomously (with authority) in the nursing care systems. formulation of professional policy and in monitoring its practice and practitioners Provided that among the responsibilities of the nurses are performing assessments, administering medications, monitoring health status, and other similar things. It utilizes in its practice a well- defined and well- Nurse is a combination of education, skills, and abilities organized body of knowledge that is intellectual in nature complemented with the capacity to care and give as nurses and describes its phenomena of concern are not defined by where they work or wear (whether A profession has a clear standard of educational uniform or scrub suit) as it is who they are and what they do. preparation for entry into practice Furthering on this, A profession is distinguished by the presence of specific Nurses are vital at the bedside and in every other area of culture, norms, and other values that are common among health care hence nurses are making difference as they its members promote health and wellness, and touch and save lives. Entrusts the education of its practitioners to institutions of Given this, the complete understanding of the different roles higher education of the nurses are essential in carrying out the responsibilities Applies its body of knowledge in practical services which are of the Nursing Profession. vital to human and social welfare Functions autonomously in the formulation of professional policy and in the control of professional activity Attracts individuals of intellectual and personal qualities who exalt service above the personal gain and who recognize Webster’s Dictionary their chosen occupation as a life work An occupation or calling requiring advance training and Strives to compensate its practitioners by providing freedom experience in some specific or specialized body of knowledge which to act on opportunity for continuous professional growth and provides service to society in that special field. economic security Utilizes in its practice a well-defined and well-organized A calling or a vocation requiring an intensive and specialized body of specialized knowledge which is on the intellectual education in the field of science or the liberal arts and has a level of higher learning specialized training Constantly enlarges the body of knowledge it uses, and A calling or vocation or undertaking in which its members improves its techniques of education and service by the use should have acquired specific and distinct values, of scientific method knowledge, training or by experience so that they may competently utilize it in the service of others Any undertaking in which a person, whom a fee or free, provides a distinctive service using scientific and specialized body of knowledge and skills 1  Is a person who has completed a basic nursing education psychological or social program and is licensed in his/her country or state to problems to develop improved practice professional nursing personal relationships and to It is the performance for a fee or salary of professional promote personal growth services such as undertaking responsible nursing care, the observation of symptoms, accurate reporting and recording, Client Advocate the nurse acts to protect the supervision of others, execution of nursing procedures and client and his rights, promotes execution of valid doctor’s orders. what is best for the client Change Agent the nurse initiates changes and A professional nurse must possess specific qualifications assists the client make modifications in their behavior & and abilities lifestyle to promote health Leader the nurse helps the client make decisions in establishing and For his/her professional preparation a nurse must: achieving goals to improve his Have a license to practice nursing in the country well-being Have a Bachelor of Science degree in Nursing ; Be physically and mentally fit Case Manager the nurse work with the multi-disciplinary healthcare team to measure the effectiveness of the case management plan & to monitor outcomes, gives directions, and Interest and willingness to work and learn with delegates nursing activities to individuals/groups in a variety of setting. ancillary workers and evaluates A warm personality and concern for people their performance Resourcefulness and creativity as well as well-balanced emotional conditions. Researcher The nurse participates in Capacity and ability to work cooperatively with others scientific investigation and uses research findings in practice Initiative to improve self & service Competence in performing work through the use of nursing process Skill in decision-making, communicating, and relating with others and being research oriented Active participation in issues confronting nurse & nursing EXPANDED NURSING ROLES Nurse Practitioner a nurse who has an advanced ROLE education and is a graduate of a A socially expected behavior pattern, associated to with an nurse practitioner program individual’s function in various social groups (family nurse practitioner, pediatric nurse practitioner) RESPONSIBILITY A legal or moral duty or obligation to deal with Nurse Specialist a nurse who has an advanced degree or expertise and is considered to be an expert in a ROLES OF THE PROFESSIONAL NURSE specialized area (gerontology, oncology) Care Provider assists the client physically and psychologically while preserving Nurse Anesthetist Carries out preoperative visits the client’s dignity. It involves and assessments, administer full care for the completely anesthetics for surgery dependent client, partial care for the partially dependent client, & Nurse Midwife gives prenatal and postnatal supportive-educative care to care and manages deliveries in assist clients in attaining their normal pregnancies highest possible level of health. Nurse Researcher employed in academic Communicator nurses identify client problems institutions, teaching hospitals and then communicate these and research centers verbally or in writing to other members of the health team Nurse Administrator functions include budgeting, staffing and planning programs Teacher helps client learn about their (head nurse, supervisor, director health and the health care of nursing services) procedures they need to perform to restore or maintain Nurse Educator Employed in nursing their health programs, educational Counselor help the client recognize and institutions, and in hospital cope with stressful staff education. 2  Responsible for classroom centered behavior. Such and often clinical teaching behavior is focused on solving (Clinical Instructors) patient’s assessed problems and needs. Nurse Entrepreneur Manages health-related Care should be holistic and business (owner of a home professional nurses must care) provide disciplined care through active and continuous collaboration with other members of the health care team An occupation or vocation with a unique body of knowledge, attitude Autonomy and Altruism Profession grants authority and and skills acquired through advanced training and experience in order independence to nurse to provide specialized services and various care for others practitioners to perform specific professional functions Failure of the nurse to comply would expose her to possible professional liabilities. It is also Adheres to a common code of ethics the duty of a nurse to be ever mindful of the conduct of his CHARACTERISTICS OF A PROFESSION AS APPLIED TO colleagues and other members NURSING PRACTICE of the health care team Master of Craft Requires well-defined skills Although our profession grants continuously and exclusively autonomy, such must still be performed regulated and should adhere with the existing nursing laws, Code of Ethics, policies and Accountability Being liable for any resulting guidelines. acts or conduct based on his professional decisions She has the responsibility to implemented, committed or look at the conduct and performed demeanor of other health providers to see to it that tasks Competence Refers to the possession of are properly carried out and required skills, knowledge and patients are properly protected. capacity in providing safe care to patients. These skills are acquired through theoretical and related learning in school and hospital exposures. It should be applied at all times when a nurse is actively practicing his Nursing process profession. Safe & Quality nursing care Health Education Ethical Being equipped with the Legal Responsibility morality of human conduct, values and standards. It is the Management of resources and environment rightness and the wrongfulness Quality improvement of human action Research Personal and professional development Caring Profession Nursing requires diligent efforts Communication in caring for any client, both sick Collaboration & Team work and well. It is the only Record Management. profession wherein monetary consideration is not the primary reason in providing care, but most of all, service to humanity. A person shall be deemed practicing nursing when he/she Nurses are supposed to have a singly or in collaboration with another, initiates and performs truly caring attitude for all of her nursing services to individuals, families, and communities in clients regardless of their any health care setting. economic and social status It includes but is not limited to nursing care dung conception, labor, delivery, infancy, childhood, toddler, pre- school, Service Oriented The main goal of professional school- age, adolescence, adulthood, and old age nursing practice is to deliver optimum level of health for all, both sick and well regardless DUTY OF THE NURSE whether capable of payment or Provide nursing care through the utilization of the nursing an indigent, as the essence of process; the phrase that “nursing is Establish linkages with community resources and service” to others coordination with the health team Provide health education to individuals, families, and Professional Relation Nurses must have a patient communities; 3  Teach, guide, and supervise students in nursing education Refers to the practice of nursing in the local, national, and city health programs including the administration of nursing services in departments which include health centers and public schools. It is varied setting such as hospitals, and clinics; and community health nursing in the public sector Undertake nursing and health human resource development training and research The nurse is self employed and provides professional nursing services Nurses promote wellness in clients who are both to clients/ patients and their families. While some independent nursing healthy and ilLl. practitioners set up their clinics near a hospital (as in the case of the Involves activities that enhance healthy lifestyle Psychiatric Nursing Specialists, Inc.), most of them are community- WELLNESS - is a process that engages in activities and based. behaviors that enhance quality of life and maximize personal potential This field of nursing is synonymous with specialization. This advanced practice requires the knowledge skills and supervised skills obtained through graduate study in nursing (either master’s or doctoral degree Activities that prevent illness Includes immunization, prenatal and infant care, prevention of STD Teachers in the Nursing education programs The goal of illness prevention programs is to maintain optimal health by preventing disease. The school nurse is for the school’s activities in the areas of health focuses on the ill client, and it extends from early detection service, health education, and environmental health, and safety of disease through helping the client during the recovery period Nurses activities includes the ff: Clinic nursing requires that a nurse possess general skills. The nurse Providing direct care to the il person acts as a receptionist. Answers phone, does the billing, takes x- rays, Performing diagnostic assessment procedures and ECGs, changes dressings, gives injections, and assists in Consulting with other health care professionals about client physical examination. problems Check clients about recovery Rehabilitating clients to their optimal functional level following physical or mental illness, injury or chemical The nurse corps. The military nurse works at different health settings addiction with various levels of responsibilities A private duty nurse is a registered nurse who undertakes to give Involves comforting and caring for people of all ages who comprehensive nursing care to a client on a one-to-one ratio. She/ he are dying is an independent contractor Includes helping clients live as comfortably as possible until death and helping support persons cope with death Nurses carrying out these activities work in homes, Is the specialty practice that provides and delivers healthcare services hospitals, and extended care facilities, like hospices, are to workers. The practice focuses on promotion, protection, and specifically designed for this purpose supervision of workers’ health within the context of safe and healthy work environment Hospital or institutional nursing Public health nursing or community health nursing Private duty or special duty nursing Industrial or occupational health nursing Nursing education Military nursing School nursing Clinical nursing Independent nursing practice Nursing in hospitals and related health facilities such as extended care facilities, nursing homes, and neighborhood clinics, comprises all of the basic components of comprehensive patient care and family health 4