MTAP 1 Batch 2024-2025 Comprehensive Examination - Part 1: Clinical Chemistry PDF

Summary

This is a review document for the MTAP 1 Batch 2024-2025 Comprehensive Examination - Part 1: Clinical Chemistry at Arellano University. The document covers a range of topics in clinical chemistry, including laboratory techniques, endocrinology, and toxicology. The questions likely cover clinical chemistry topics with laboratory procedures and associated conditions.

Full Transcript

ARELLANO UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDTECH MTAP 1 BATCH 2024  2025 COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION PART 1 : CLINICAL CHEMISTRY POINTERS TO REVIEW Laboratory...

ARELLANO UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDTECH MTAP 1 BATCH 2024  2025 COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION PART 1 : CLINICAL CHEMISTRY POINTERS TO REVIEW Laboratory Techniques and Principles Anticoagulants for specific tests (e.g., lipoprotein analysis, arterial blood gas analysis) Guthrie test and aminoacidopathies detection Kjeldahlization in total protein measurement Bromcresol purple in albumin quantitation Freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, and related changes in osmotic pressure International Unit (IU) definition for enzyme activity measurement Water types for laboratory reagent preparation Post-analytical phase tasks in laboratory testing Endocrinology Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland Thyroxine-binding globulin levels and associated conditions Clinical findings in hyperthyroidism and associated antibodies Aldosterone and its effects on blood pressure Clinical Chemistry and Metabolism Glucose tolerance test preparation and glucose metabolism pathways (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis) Indicators of diabetic complications (e.g., ketones in urine, diabetic ketoacidosis) Anion gap and its clinical significance Metabolites of ethanol, methanol, and ethylene glycol poisoning Trace elements and their roles (e.g., arsenic exposure, zinc for wound healing) Nutritional Assessment and Biochemical Markers Anthropometric methods vs. biochemical assessments Microalbuminuria as a marker for cardiovascular and renal diseases Enzymology Serum lipase and amylase in acute pancreatitis Enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) for drug testing Toxicology and Drugs of Abuse Active components and metabolites of substances (e.g., marijuana, heroin) Screening tests for poisoning and substance use (e.g., arsenic, barbiturates) Hematology and Blood Chemistry Electrolytes and their physiological roles (e.g., sodium, potassium, chloride) Effects of hemolysis on electrolyte measurement Abnormalities in calcium and phosphate regulation and related conditions Acid-Base Balance Respiratory and metabolic acidosis/alkalosis and compensation mechanisms Blood gas handling, collection, and analysis Bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system and chloride shift Hepatology and Bilirubin Metabolism Bilirubin metabolism and related conditions (e.g., Crigler-Najjar syndrome, prehepatic jaundice) Van den Bergh reaction and types of bilirubin Urobilinogen and enterohepatic circulation Quality Control and Errors in Laboratory Testing Random and systematic errors in laboratory procedures Statistical quality control methods (e.g., 12s rule, mean, and SD calculations) Miscellaneous Diseases like Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and pheochromocytoma (screening tests) Common suicide agents and their biochemical impact Shifts in oxygen dissociation curves and factors influencing hemoglobin-O2 affinity

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