Prescription Writing PDF

PRESCRIPTION WRITING  What is a prescription? A prescription is an instruction from a prescriber to a dispenser to supply certain quantity of a specific substance(s) or drug(s) to a specific patient.  Types of legal prescription OTC drugs/Prescription drugs/ Controlled drugs ❑...

PRESCRIPTION WRITING  What is a prescription? A prescription is an instruction from a prescriber to a dispenser to supply certain quantity of a specific substance(s) or drug(s) to a specific patient.  Types of legal prescription OTC drugs/Prescription drugs/ Controlled drugs ❑ Few drugs and most of nutritional supplements can be available to consumers without prescription. Such drugs are termed non-prescription drugs or Over the counter (OTC) drugs. ❑ With the exception of OTC products, all other medications are termed prescription drugs (Non- controlled drugs), whose dispensing requires a prescription. ❑ The specifications of the prescription vary according to the degree of “harm” induced by the drug, mainly its potential to drug dependence or abuse, such drugs are termed controlled drugs. Find out 5 examples of OTC drugs Find out 3 examples of controlled drugs Elements of the prescription To Whom Patient’s name, age, sex, address and date By whom Name and address of the prescriber telephone numbers Prescriber’s signature Elements of the prescription What 1. Diagnosis 2. Superscription: It consists of Latin symbol Rx meaning recipe. 3. Inscription: It is the principal part or body of the prescription which specify the medication, its strength, the dosage. 4. Subscription: - This part of prescription consists of directions to the pharmacist for dispensing or preparing the prescription and the number of dosage units to be supplied (Send) Elements of the prescription What 5. Signature: Abbreviated sigma or sig. This part includes the direction for the patient The direction for use must be clear and understandable to the patient and concise to avoid any toxicity and to obtain the maximum benefit from therapy.  WRITING A FULL PRESCRIPTION FOR NON-CONTROLLED DRUGS To Whom By whom ❑Doctor’s name: ❑Patient’s name: ❑Doctor’s address& ❑Patient’s address: phone number Superscription What ? ❑Date: Symbol of the Diagnosis: word Recipe *Drug: *Dosage form: *Strength: Send *Quantity Sig *How much *How long *Route *Frequency ❑Doctor’s signature  Controlled Drug Prescription Drugs Prescription  Examples of controlled drugs prescription Prescribing a drug to relieve severe types of pain requires the use of a class of analgesics known as opioid analgesics. Severe pain could be due to cancer, myocardial infarction, surgical trauma, fractures…. etc. Examples of opioid analgesics : Morphine: Fifteen milligrams per ampoule. Oxycodone: Ten milligrams per ampoule. Pentazocine: Sixty milligrams per ampoule ❑On 1. It should writingbe a prescription properly dated forand controlled writtendrugs, in ink. 2. the Doctor’s following name, items address, shouldphone be fulfilled number, over andthe typical registration prescription number.form: 3. Patient’s name, age, and address. (Age is mandatory) 4. Diagnosis. 5. No abbreviations, and no figure numbers. All doses, number of ampoules, or tablets should be written in letters. 6. Doctor’s full signature at the end of the prescription. 7. The prescription is dispensed once and is kept by the pharmacist.  Examples of non-controlled drug prescription Prescribe a suitable antihistaminic for a 24 – years old female patient presents on a bright sunny spring morning with group of signs & symptoms that include a stuffy runny nose, sneezing, red itchy & watery eyes, and cough related to postnasal drip.  Write a full prescription of the chosen drug Allergic rhinitis Fexofenadine tablet 120 mg/tablet 10 tablets One tablet to be given orally once daily before bed for 1 week Is there any special precaution?  Write a full prescription of the chosen drug Fever Ibuprofen oral suspension 100 mg/5 ml 1 bottle 7.5 ml oral when required Prescribe a suitable analgesic to a 34-year- old man admitted to the ER with multiple fractures following an accident. Patient’s name: Doctor’s name: Patient’s age: Doctor’s address: Patient’s address: Doctor’s registration number: Date: Diagnosis: Multiple limb fractures Oxycodone Hydrochloride ampoule Ten milligrams per ampoule Send two ampoules One ampoule injected intravenous slowly when required Doctor full signature  Write a full prescription of the chosen drug Doctor’s registration number: Date: Multiple limb fracture Morphine sulfate vial Five milligrams per Two vials milliliter One milliliter injected intravenous slowly when required Prescribe for a case of post tooth extraction pain Diagnosis : post tooth extraction pain R/ Diclofenac Sodium ampoules 25 mg/mL send: 4 ampoules sig One ampoule daily (twice daily in severe cases) for max. of 2 days By deep intramuscular injection into the gluteal muscle Simple mouthwashes Prescribe a simple mouthwash to relieve the pain of traumatic ulceration Diagnosis traumatic ulceration R/ Sodium bicarbonate 1%, sodium chloride 1.5% solution send 500 ml sig To be diluted with an equal volume of warm water. Rinse the mouth 2–3 times daily  Acute orodental infection Diagnosis acute dental infection R/ Amoxacillin-Clavulonic tablets 1g /tablet send 14 tablets sig one tablet to be taken every 12 hours for 7days Prescribe an antiseptic mouthwash acute ulcerative gingivitis Prescribe an antiseptic mouthwash acute ulcerative gingivitis Diagnosis acute ulcerative gingivitis R/ Hydrogen Peroxide Solution 6% solution send 400 ml sig Rinse the mouth for 2–3 minutes with 15 mL diluted in half a glass of warm water 2–3 times daily Prescribe an antiseptic mouthwash that inhibits plaque formation  Prescribe an antiseptic mouthwash that inhibits plaque formation Diagnosis prophylaxis of plaque formation R/ Chlorhexidine gluconate solution 0.12 % solution send 473 ml Sig. Rinse mouth with 10 mL for about 1 minute twice daily. Leave an interval of at least 30 minutes between using mouthwash and toothpaste  Prescribe the Prophylactic Regimen for Dental Procedures to prevent developing of endocarditis Diagnosis Prophylaxis for an adult patients at risk R/ Amoxicillin capsules 500 mg/capsule send Four capsules sig given orally one hour before procedure Prescribe the Prophylactic Regimen for Dental Procedures to prevent developing of endocarditis for child 20 kg weight Diagnosis Prophylaxis for a child at risk (20 KG) R/ Ampicillin ampoule 1gm/amp send one ampoule sig Given IM or IV within 30 minutes before procedure.  Prescribe the Prophylactic Regimen for Dental Procedures to prevent developing of endocarditis (allergic to penicillin) Diagnosis Prophylaxis for an adult patients at risk allergic to penicillin R/ Clindamycin tablets 300 mg/tablet send Two tablets sig Two tablets (600 mg) given orally one hour before before procedure  Prescribe the Prophylactic Regimen for Dental Procedures to prevent developing of endocarditis (allergic to penicillin) Diagnosis Prophylaxis for an adult patients at risk allergic to penicillin R/ Azithromycin tablets 250 mg/tablet send Two tablets sig Two tablets (500 mg) given orally one hour before procedure Herpes labialis  Diagnosis Herpes labialis R/ Acyclovir Suspension 200 mg/5 ml send 125 ml sig Rinse mouth twice daily Oral candidiasis  Prescribe for a case Oral candidiasis Diagnosis Oral candidiasis R/ Nystatin suspension 100,000 units/ml Send 30 ml Sig Rinse with 1 teaspoonful (5 ml) for two minutes, four times daily (after meals, and at bedtime) and spit out.  Prescribing errors They can occur as a result of: ❑ Inadequate knowledge of the patients and their clinical status. ❑ Inadequate drug knowledge. ❑ Calculation errors. ❑ Illegible handwriting. ❑ Drug name confusion. ❑ Poor history taking