Practice Test Chs 6 and 7 PDF
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This document is a practice test for chapters 6 and 7 of a biology course. It includes multiple choice questions on cell structure and function. The questions cover topics such as microscopy, cell fractionation, organelles, and cell membranes.
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Practice Test CHs 6 and 7 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. The advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that a. light microscopy provides for higher magnification than electron microscopy....
Practice Test CHs 6 and 7 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. The advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that a. light microscopy provides for higher magnification than electron microscopy. b. light microscopy provides for higher resolving power than electron microscopy. c. light microscopy allows one to view dynamic processes in living cells. d. A and B e. B and C ____ 2. A primary objective of cell fractionation is to a. view the structure of cell membranes. b. identify the enzymes outside the organelles. c. determine the size of various organelles. d. separate the major organelles so that their particular functions can be determined. e. crack the cell wall so the cytoplasmic contents can be released. ____ 3. Which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will be found in the pellet when homogenized cells are treated with increasingly rapid spins in a centrifuge? a. ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria b. chloroplasts, ribosomes, vacuoles c. nucleus, ribosomes, chloroplasts d. vacuoles, ribosomes, nucleus e. nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes ____ 4. Why is it important to know what microscopy method was used to prepare the images you wish to study? a. so that you can judge whether the images you are seeing are of cells or of organelles b. so that you can make a judgment about the likelihood of artifacts having been introduced in the preparation c. so that you can decide whether the image is actually of the size described d. so that you can know whether to view the image in color or not e. so that you can interpret the correct biochemical process that is occurring ____ 5. All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except a. DNA. b. a cell wall. c. a plasma membrane. d. ribosomes. e. an endoplasmic reticulum. ____ 6. The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger than the corresponding volume in animal cells. The most reasonable explanation for this observation is that a. plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells. b. plant cells have a much more highly convoluted (folded) plasma membrane than animal cells. c. plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the volume of the cytoplasm. d. animal cells are more spherical, while plant cells are elongated. e. the basic functions of plant cells are very different from those of animal cells. ____ 7. Which of the following is a major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells? a. the evolution of larger cells after the evolution of smaller cells b. the difference in plasma membranes between prokaryotes and eukaryotes c. the evolution of eukaryotes after the evolution of prokaryotes d. the need for a surface area of sufficient area to allow the cell's function e. the observation that longer cells usually have greater cell volume ____ 8. Which type of organelle is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils, phospholipids, and steroids? a. ribosome b. lysosome c. smooth endoplasmic reticulum d. mitochondrion e. contractile vacuole ____ 9. The Golgi apparatus has a polarity or sidedness to its structure and function. Which of the following statements correctly describes this polarity? a. Transport vesicles fuse with one side of the Golgi and leave from the opposite side. b. Proteins in the membrane of the Golgi may be sorted and modified as they move from one side of the Golgi to the other. c. Lipids in the membrane of the Golgi may be sorted and modified as they move from one side of the Golgi to the other. d. Soluble proteins in the cisternae (interior) of the Golgi may be sorted and modified as they move from one side of the Golgi to the other. e. All of the above correctly describe polar characteristics of the Golgi function. ____ 10. Which of the following produces and modifies polysaccharides that will be secreted? a. lysosome b. vacuole c. mitochondrion d. Golgi apparatus e. peroxisome ____ 11. Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes? a. lysosome b. vacuole c. mitochondrion d. Golgi apparatus e. peroxisome ____ 12. Which is one of the main energy transformers of cells? a. lysosome b. vacuole c. mitochondrion d. Golgi apparatus e. peroxisome ____ 13. Organelles other than the nucleus that contain DNA include a. ribosomes. b. mitochondria. c. chloroplasts. d. B and C only e. A, B, and C ____ 14. Which of the following are capable of converting light energy to chemical energy? a. chloroplasts b. mitochondria c. leucoplasts d. peroxisomes e. Golgi bodies ____ 15. The peroxisome gets its name from its interaction with hydrogen peroxide. If a liver cell is detoxifying alcohol and some other poisons, it does so by removal of hydrogen from the molecules. What, then, do the enzymes of the peroxisome do? a. combine the hydrogen with ATP b. use the hydrogen to break down hydrogen peroxide c. transfer the harmful substances to the mitochondria d. transfer the hydrogens to oxygen molecules ____ 16. Cells can be described as having a cytoskeleton of internal structures that contribute to the shape, organization, and movement of the cell. Which of the following are part of the cytoskeleton? a. the nuclear envelope b. mitochondria c. microfilaments d. lysosomes e. nucleoli ____ 17. Which of the following contain the 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules? a. cilia b. centrioles c. flagella d. A and C only e. A, B, and C Use the following to answer the following questions. All three are involved in maintenance of cell shape. Microtubules (tubulin Microfilaments (actin Intermediate Property polymers) filaments) filaments Hollow tubes; wall consists Two intertwined strands of Fibrous proteins of 13 columns of tubulin actin, each a polymer of supercoiled into thicker Structure molecules actin subunits cables Diameter 25 nm with 15-nm lumen 7 nm 8-12 nm Main functions Cell motility Cell motility Anchorage ____ 18. The differences among the three categories of cytoskeletal elements would suggest that each of the following has specialized roles. Which of the following is a correct match? a. microfilaments and the nuclear lamina b. microtubules and cleavage furrow formation c. microfilaments and ciliary motion d. intermediate filaments and cytoplasmic streaming e. microtubules and chromosome movement ____ 19. Microfilaments are well known for their role in which of the following? a. ameboid movement b. formation of cleavage furrows c. contracting of muscle cells d. A and B only e. A, B, and C ____ 20. Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is true? a. The dynamic aspect of cytoskeletal function is made possible by the assembly and disassembly of a large number of complex proteins into larger aggregates. b. Microfilaments are structurally rigid and resist compression, while microtubules resist tension (stretching). c. Movement of cilia and flagella is the result of motor proteins causing microtubules to move relative to each other. d. Chemicals that block the assembly of the cytoskeleton would cause little effect on the cell's metabolism e. Transport vesicles among the membranes of the endomembrane system produce the cytoskeleton. ____ 21. Which statement correctly characterizes bound ribosomes? a. Bound ribosomes are enclosed in their own membrane. b. Bound and free ribosomes are structurally different. c. Bound ribosomes generally synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins. d. The most common location for bound ribosomes is the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane. e. All of the above. ____ 22. Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? a. nuclear envelope b. chloroplast c. Golgi apparatus d. plasma membrane e. ER ____ 23. Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell? a. mitochondrion b. ribosome c. nuclear envelope d. chloroplast e. ER ____ 24. Which of the following is a reasonable explanation for why unsaturated fatty acids help keep any membrane more fluid at lower temperatures? a. The double bonds form kinks in the fatty acid tails, forcing adjacent lipids to be further apart. b. Unsaturated fatty acids have a higher cholesterol content and therefore more cholesterol in membranes. c. Unsaturated fatty acids permit more water in the interior of the membrane. d. The double bonds block interaction among the hydrophilic head groups of the lipids. e. The double bonds result in shorter fatty acid tails and thinner membranes. ____ 25. Which of the following is true of integral membrane proteins? a. They lack tertiary structure. b. They are loosely bound to the surface of the bilayer. c. They are usually transmembrane proteins. d. They are not mobile within the bilayer. e. They serve only a structural role in membranes. ____ 26. Which of the following statements is correct about diffusion? a. It is very rapid over long distances. b. It requires an expenditure of energy by the cell. c. It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. d. It is an active process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. e. It requires integral proteins in the cell membrane. ____ 27. Water passes quickly through cell membranes because a. the bilayer is hydrophilic. b. it moves through hydrophobic channels. c. water movement is tied to ATP hydrolysis. d. it is a small, polar, charged molecule. e. it moves through aquaporins in the membrane. Use the diagram of the U-tube in Figure 7.2 to answer the questions that follow. The solutions in the two arms of this U-tube are separated by a membrane that is permeable to water and glucose but not to sucrose. Side A is half filled with a solution of 2 M sucrose and 1 M glucose. Side B is half filled with 1 M sucrose and 2 M glucose. Initially, the liquid levels on both sides are equal. Figure 7.2 ____ 28. Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar stalks left in a salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that the cells of the celery stalks are a. hypotonic to both fresh water and the salt solution. b. hypertonic to both fresh water and the salt solution. c. hypertonic to fresh water but hypotonic to the salt solution. d. hypotonic to fresh water but hypertonic to the salt solution. e. isotonic with fresh water but hypotonic to the salt solution. Short Answer For the following questions, match the labeled component of the cell membrane (Figure 7.1) with its description. Figure 7.1 29. cholesterol 30. glycolipid Practice Test CHs 6 and 7 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 2. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 3. ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.1 MSC: Application/Analysis 4. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.1 MSC: Application/Analysis 5. ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.2 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 6. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.2 MSC: Synthesis/Evaluation 7. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.2 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 8. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.4 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 9. ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.4 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 10. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.4 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 11. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.4 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 12. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.5 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 13. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.5 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 14. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.5 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 15. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.5 MSC: Application/Analysis 16. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.6 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 17. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.6 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 18. ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.6 MSC: Application/Analysis 19. ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.6 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 20. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 6.6 MSC: Application/Analysis 21. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Self-Quiz Questions 22. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Self-Quiz Questions 23. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Self-Quiz Questions 24. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 7.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 25. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 7.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 26. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 7.2 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 27. ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 7.2 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 28. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 7.3 MSC: Application/Analysis SHORT ANSWER 29. ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 7.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension 30. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Concept 7.1 MSC: Knowledge/Comprehension