PP 知识总结 PDF

MD11 创建计划订单 MD04 将计划订单转化为生产订单。 CO01 创建生产订单。 CO01 在左上角点击小旗子进行下达。 MB1C （ 561 ）领料 CO11N 报工 MIGO 收货 跑 MRP MD01 ME51N 创建采购申请 MD04 转换为采购订单 ME21N 创建采购订单  首先要设置物料主数据...

MD11 创建计划订单 MD04 将计划订单转化为生产订单。 CO01 创建生产订单。 CO01 在左上角点击小旗子进行下达。 MB1C （ 561 ）领料 CO11N 报工 MIGO 收货 跑 MRP MD01 ME51N 创建采购申请 MD04 转换为采购订单 ME21N 创建采购订单  首先要设置物料主数据 主数据 物料主数据 组成 BOM 工作中心 共同组成 工艺路线 物料主数据 - 基本数据 1- 产品层次 物料主数据 - 基本数据 1- 产品层次 BOM 定义：一个成品或者半成品正式的构成，原材料，数量，单位 单层 BOM item ； part ； component ； BOM 有很多种：物料 BOM 设备 BOM 功能位置 BOM 订单 BOM WBS-BOM 物料 BOM 的创建和修改与显示： CS01 CS02 CS03 在设置里选择项目类别，之后里面的物料默认就会变成相应的物 料类别而无需挨个进行设置 项目增量设置项目的中间的差值，以便在项目中插入更多的项目。 BOM 必须知道的三个项目：下阶料号，数量，单位 BOM GROUP BOM 在工厂一栏不进行维护，就会对所有工厂适用。 如果同一物料还想其他工厂也要用有两种方式：复制和参考。 用 CS07 对 BOM 进行指派。参考的话如果指派的 BOM 进行了 修改，那么群组 BOM 也会改变。复制的话群组 BOM 不会被改 变。 BOM 是有有效时间的。 CC01 建立工程变更号，要选择有效性类型 更改号码选择要更改 的 BOM CS12 展开 BOM 更改 BOM ，子项目 BOM 里如果某个组件没有勾上与销售相关，那么在销售订单中， 因为直接显示的就是成品，里面就不包含该组件。 BOM 成本核算标识相关 物料供应标识 生产仓储地点 供应区域 外包： 1 委外加工（ subcontract)2 工序外包 多层 BOM 一般用于对应不同的生产批量。 定义 BOM 允许的物料类型 BOM 消息控制 BOM 是递归的 替代确定的特定应用的标准 例： PP01 修改替代 BOM 确定 BOM 的逐层显示 CS11 先显示第一阶段 CS12 显示第一阶段 A ，之后再显示 A 的第 一阶段，再显示 B 的 第一阶段。 有些在 BOM 里不显 示，可在定义视图里进 行选择。 CS13 汇总显示 BOM BOM BOM 比较， CS14 料号相同，数量也相同， = 料号相同，数量不相同，≠ 料号不同，⚡ CS20- 对 BOM 进行大量更改 变式 BOM 派生 BOM ，创建变式（即派生） CS05 BOM 组的更改。 多重 BOM 同一个产品多个 BOM 一般和批量大小有关系 BOM CEWB 功能要比 CS20 更改的项目多，而且在工艺路线里可以 批量更改。 BOM 的报表？ 配置产品层次 配置产品层次 配置产品层次 物料主数据 - 基本数据 2 物料主数据 - 采购 - 采购组 从业务上来说，可以 理解采购组织就是采购部，采 购组就是采购员。系统里也的 确是没啥关系。 物料主数据 -MRP1-MRP 类型 物料主数据 -MRP1-MRP 类型 - 手工重订货点计划 定义 : reorder point planning Material Requirements Planning (PP-MRP) A procedure in materials planning. If the reorder point is greater than warehouse stock, a procurement proposal is created by MRP. Reorder point planning can be: Automatic Manual 物料主数据 -MRP1-MRP 类型 - 基于预测的计划 定义 : forecast-based planning Material Requirements Planning (PP-MRP) A procedure in consumption-based planning that is based on future requirements predictions calculated using the forecast. Forecast values for future requirements are determined by the integrated forecasting program. These values are the basis of the net requirements calculation in the planning run. In the case of a shortage for a forecast requirement, the system creates a procurement proposal. Retail (IS-R) Special procedure in consumption-based planning which is based on future requirements predictions calculated by the forecast. The integrated forecast program allows forecast values for future requirements to be calculated. These values are the basis for the planning run. 物料主数据 -MRP1-MRP 控制者 物料主数据 -MRP1-MRP 控制者 - 物料规划 定义 : materials planning Material Requirements Planning (PP-MRP) A generic term for the activities involved in creating a master production schedule or an external procurement plan for all the materials in a plant or company. Materials planning is also referred to as material requirements planning. 物料主数据 -MRP1-MRP 控制者 定义 : MRP controller Production Planning and Control (PP) The person responsible for a group of materials in MRP in a plant or company. Material that takes part in material requirements planning must be assigned to an MRP controller. 物料主数据 -MRP2- 采购类型 物料主数据 -MRP3- 消耗模式 物料主数据 -MRP3- 消耗模式 物料主数据 -MRP3- 消耗模式 物料主数据 -MRP3- 消耗模式 物料主数据 -MRP3- 计划策略组 计划策略组 策略组把所有可以对特定物料使用的计划策略作分组。计划策略 代表了用于计划物料的程序，并且被（从技术上讲） MRP 类型 所控制。 相关 可以在需求管理的定制中定义计划策略和策略组。其有关详细信 息，请参见 计划策略。 物料主数据 -MRP3- 计划策略组 - 计划策略 计划策略 In this step, you specify the possible planning strategies for demand management and sales order management. Here, you also allocate strategies to strategy groups and in a third step, you allocate the strategy groups to an MRP group. The planning strategy represents a procedure for planning a material and is technically controlled via the requirements types. With the help of the planning strategy, the material is automatically assigned the correct requirements type in demand management and in sales order management. Strategy The planning strategy represents a planning procedure for planning a material. It is defined by one of the following: a requirements type from demand management a requirements type from sales order management a combination of both that makes sense The strategies available for creating the master plan can be seen in step "Define strategy". 物料主数据 -MRP3- 计划策略组 - 计划策 略 Strategy group You use the strategy group to group together all the valid planning strategies. Thus, more than one planning strategy can be allowed for a material. Allocating a strategy group to an MRP group You can allocate a strategy group to an MRP group. Two possibilitites exist for finding the correct requirements type in demand management and sales order management: 1. You allocate the strategy group to an MRP group and enter this MRP group in the material master record of the appropriate materials. In so doing, you are not only allocating the planning strategy to the material but other additional control parameters for MRP. 2. You can enter the strategy group for the material directly in the material master record. 物料主数据 -MRP3- 计划策略组 - 计划策 略 Actions 1. Check the planning strategies. 2. Allocate the strategy(ies) to the strategy group. 3. If necessary, allocated the strategy group to an MRP group.  物料主数据 -MRP3- 计划策略组 - demand management 定义 : demand management Production Planning (PP-MP) The planning of requirement quantities and requirement dates for finished products and important assemblies, and definition of the strategy for planning and producing or procuring a finished product. The result of demand management is the demand program. Demand management can be done manually or based on previous planning results such as sales planning, SOP, and forecast. Supply Chain Planning and Control (SRD-SCM-SCP) A business topic that allows you to identify the different demand types and assign them to different business environments, such as plan-to-stock and assemble-to-order. These decisions influence how planning considers demands, for example, if the demand is relevant for planning or how a demand impacts on your current planned quantity.  物料主数据 -MRP3- 计划策略组 - MRP group 定义 : MRP group Material Requirements Planning (PP-MRP) The MRP group, groups material from the material requirements planning point of view to allocate them control parameters for planning. The control parameters include the strategy group, the planning horizon and the creation indicator for the planning run. 物料主数据 -MRP4-BOM 展开 - 选择方法 使用 使用通过订单数量选择，系统选择可选 BOM ， 订单数量在该 BOM 的批次范围之内。批次范围 和 BOM 的有效性范围适用。 使用通过扩展日期选择，系统选择可选 BOM ， 根据设置 经由日期的 BOM，日期在该 BOM 的 有效范围之内。 使用通过 生产版本选择，系统选择在有效生产版 选择可替换物料单的方法 本中定义的可选 BOM 。批次范围和生产版本的有 在 物料需求计划中展开需 效范围适用。 求时，确定 可选 BOM选 使用仅由生产版本选择，系统选择在有效生产版 择的标识。 本中定义的可选 BOM 。批次范围和生产版本的有 效范围适用。 若未找到生产版本，则不能创建生产订单或处理订 单。 可选 BOM - alternative BOM 定义 : alternative BOM Production Planning and Control (PP) A tool that used to identify one bill of material in a BOM group. One product can be represented by several (alternative) BOMs if, for example, different production processes are used for different lot size ranges. These alternative BOMs are grouped in a multiple BOM.  物料需求计划 - material requirements planning 定义 : material requirements planning Material Requirements Planning (PP-MRP) A term for procedures in materials planning that take into account and plan every future requirement during the creation of procurement proposals such as independent requirements, or dependent requirements. Material Requirements Planning (PP-MRP) A term for the actions of creating a production plan or procurement plan for the materials in a plant or company. Supply Chain Planning and Control (SRD-SCM-SCP) A process that evaluates the net requirements and balances demand and supply within a planning area. Material requirements planning creates any required orders for material which are scheduled based on the bill of operations or the procurement lead time. The required capacity is also determined. 经由日期的 BOM- 事物码 OPPP 生产版本 - production version 定义 : production version Production Planning and Control (PP) The production version determines production techniques that can be used to produce a material. It specifies: BOM alternative for a BOM explosion Task list type, task list group, and group counter for allocation to task lists Lot-size restrictions and area of validity 物料主数据 - 工作计划 - 总体参数文件 订单更改管理的总体参 数文件 控制生产订单的更改管 理。 在总览参数文件中，分 配更改参数文件至下列 处理 : 销售订单处理 主数据处理 装配订单处理 意思就是每个处理可单 独控制。 物料主数据 - 会计 1- 评估分类 评估类 该物料 已估价库存的 评估分类的缺省值。 使用 评估分类有下列功能： 允许将具有相同 物料类型的 物料库存值过帐到不同的的 总帐科目。 允许将具有不同物料类型的 库存值过帐到相同的总帐科目。 确定将总帐科目和其它要素 一起为评估相关交易一起更新 （例如 货物移动）。 已估价库存 定义 : valuated stock Inventory Management (MM-IM) The stock of a material owned by a firm that is part of the firm's current assets. Various procedures can be applied to valuate this stock. The valuated stock of a material at a plant is the sum of: Unrestricted-use stock held at all storage locations Stock in quality inspection at all storage locations Stock in transfer at storage location and plant levels 评估分类 定义 : valuation class Invoice Verification (MM-IV) Assignment of a material to a group of G/L accounts With other factors, the valuation class determines the G/L accounts that are updated as a result of a valuation-relevant transaction or event such as a goods movement. The valuation class makes it possible to: Post the stock values of materials of the same material type to different G/L accounts Post the stock values of materials of different material types to the same G/L account 物料类型 定义 : material type Logistics Basic Data (LO-MD) A grouping together of materials with the same basic attributes such as raw materials, semifinished products, or finished products. All materials must be assigned to a material type which determines: Whether the material is intended for a specific purpose such as a configurable material or process material Whether the material number can be assigned internally or externally The number range from which the material number is drawn Which screens appear and in what sequence Which user department data you may enter What procurement type the material has; that is, whether it is manufactured in-house or procured externally, or both 总账科目 定义 : G/L account Funds Management (PSM-FM) Book for managing bookkeeping (fiscal accounting) that contains the business transactions in order, in other words, based on the grouping of the budget plan. Cash-based closing and the budget calculation is developed from the G/L account. Financial Accounting (FI) A structure that records value movements in a company code and represents the G/L account items in a chart of accounts. A G/L account has transaction figures that record changes to the account during a posting period. These figures are totals that are used for G/L reporting. Source Data (FS-BA-SD) A template category that contains attributes for processing a bank's own internal accounts. A G/L account does not reference, nor is it referenced by, any financial transactions or financial instruments. 货物移动 定义 : goods movement Inventory Management (MM-IM) A physical or logical movement of materials leading to a change in stock levels or resulting in the consumption of the material. 物料主数据 - 会计 2 物料主数据 - 成本 1 物料主数据 - 成本 2 物料主数据 - 工厂库存 工艺路线 - 任务清单的处理状态 状态 使用状态代码指出 任务清单的处理状态。例如，用户可以指出任 务清单是否仍在创建阶段或已经下达。 相关 注意某些事务取决于任务清单的状态。例如，如果工艺路线的状 态为 " 已下达（一般） " 时，则用户仅可以将以下参考工序集包 含到工艺路线中。 生产执行（机加和三车间） 生产订单 CO01/02/03 生产订单的创建修改和显示 订单里会有很多任务（是工序吗？） 生产的过程分为 1 、生产准备（文件和物料） 2 、加工（各种工序） 3 、入库 生产执行（机加和三车间） CO11N 生产计工单 MB1A 发货 MIGO(262) 发货冲销 MIGO(107) 已冻结库存收货 MB1C （ 561 ）添加初始库存 直接输入 定义 : direct input Cross-Application Components (CA) An alternative to batch input. With direct input, consistency checks are performed by SAP function modules, whereas batch input uses screens to do this. The direct input method brings considerable performance advantages. General Application Functions (CA-GTF) A data transfer technology that uses function modules created by SAP to transfer very large volumes of data to an SAP system. The same consistency checks are performed within the function modules as those performed in the online transaction. Direct input has definite performance benefits when compared to the batch input and call transaction technologies since no online transactions are performed. Other data transfer technologies: batch input, call transaction, EDI, and BAPIs 应用程序链接启用（ ALE) 定义 : Application Link Enabling ALE Integration Technology (BC-MID-ALE) The technology for setting up and operating distributed applications. Application Link Enabling (ALE) facilitates the distributed, but integrated, installation of SAP systems. This involves business-driven message exchange using consistent data across loosely linked SAP applications. Applications are integrated using synchronous and asynchronous communication - not by using a central database. ALE consists of the following layers: Application services Distribution services Communication services 初始值 定义 : initial value ABAP Runtime Environment (BC-ABA) An initial value is predefined in the runtime environment for every data type. The initial values for elementary data types depend on the corresponding predefined ABAP type. The initial value of reference types is the zero reference. The initial value of an internal table is an empty table without rows. The initial value of structured types is derived from the initial values of the individual components. The CLEAR statement without additions sets a data object to its type-specific initial value. 任务清单 定义 : standard task list Logistics - General (LO) Describes the worksteps necessary to produce a material or perform an activity without reference to an order. Essential objects of a task list are header, operations, material component allocations, production resources/tools and inspection characteristics. Together with specific dates and quantities, task list data forms an important part of the order. The following task list types exist in the R/3 System: routing reference operation set rate routing reference rate routing inspection plan maintenance task list standard network master recipe 测试项目物料在运行 MRP 后转交给另一个项目 首先 MD04 检查物料需求清单 在 CJ20N 项目构造器里将物料挂载在项目 5020117011 上， （零件准备→组件总览，采购类型要是 WBS 预留要素，采购标 识 130- 项目库存预留，预留相关性为 3- 立即） 之后 MD02 运行 MRP （，查看结果， 5020117011 上有相应 需求产生。 将该订单转化为生产订单（ MD04) 之后将该订单转给 5020117021 ，发现可以转交，试验成功。 各个模块间的关系 以此实验题为例：讲解四个模块间的传递关系： 第一步是创建物料 MM01, 分别创建原材料，半成品，产成品。 第二步是做物料之间的 BOM:BOM ： 1 个产成品 = 2 个半成品； 1 个半成品 = 3 个原材料 （ CS01 ） 第三步建完 B0M 后，创建一个工作中心。（ CR01 ） 第四步创建工艺路线：产成品和半成品各一道工序。（ CA01 ） 第五步创建客户： XD01 第六步创建供应商： XK01 从产品的源头生产开始： 第一步是进行生产需求预测使用的 TCOD 是 MD61 。之后按照 BOM 对原材料进行采购，首先提出采购 申请（ ME51N ），之后创建采购订单（ MD21N ），采购订单完成后做 MIGO 过账收货，收货完成后 做发票校验（ MIRO ），然后对供应商付款（ F-53 ）。原材料采购完成后后到 MD04 查看需求清单。 之后运行 MRP 之后运行半成品和产成品的 MRP （ MD02 ），需求订单（ Indreq ）转成计划订单 (pldord), 再在 MD04 中将计划订单 (pldord) 转成生产订单 (prdord). 接下来做生产的投料（ 261 投料 mb1a ）和完工入库 (101 完工入库 mb31) 先做半成品的生产， mb1a 投进物料 900PC 原材料， mb31 完工入库后变成 300PC 半成品 再做产成品的生产， mb1a 投进物料 300 半成品， mb31 完工入库后变成 150PC 产成品。 之后做 SD 模块了： VA01 创建销售订单，再做 VL01N 创建外向交货单，之后做 LT01 拣配，再做 VL02N 发货过账，之后 再（ VF01 ）开发票，最后是 F-28 收款了，这样一个完整的生产，销售，物料供应和财务会计 SAP 流 程就做完了