Class 10 Social Science Civics |Power Sharing PDF

th Class 10 Social Science Civics |Power Sharing  Civics |Power Sharing Power Sharing Belgium Two Stories Sri Lanka Power Sharing Power Sharing...

th Class 10 Social Science Civics |Power Sharing  Civics |Power Sharing Power Sharing Belgium Two Stories Sri Lanka Power Sharing Power Sharing Accommodation Majoritarianism Why power-sharing is desirable ? Different forms of power-sharing ?  Civics |Power Sharing Identify the significant reason of power sharing from the following options. CBSE Term-1 SQP 2021 A. Reduces socio-economic conflicts B. Provides ethnic -cultural development C. Allows people to enjoy specific rights D. Restricts supremacy of one party  Civics |Power Sharing Belgium and Sri Lanka Belgium Sri Lanka Ethnic composition Accommodation Ethnic composition Majoritarianism -59% Dutch-speakers, 40% - In center, Dutch and French -(74%)Sinhala-speaking -The 1956 Act: Sinhala French-speakers, 1% speaking minister will be equal. (practising Buddhism): + recognised as official German-speakers. - Power to states. 18% Tamil-speaking(Indian language; Tamils were -French(80%) constituted - Brussels have separate & Sri Lankan) (practising disregarded; Created a the majority in Brussels government (French and dutch Hinduism and Islam): + feeling of distrust between and were wealthier than ministers should be equal) Christians (Tamil and the ethnic groups: Call for the Dutch(20%) -Community government. Sinhala): 7% creation of an independent Tamil Eelam by Tamils, leading to civil war. Why power sharing is desirable? Reduces the chances of conflict, stability in political order, Prudential Reason Prevents the domination of majority by the minority Moral Reason Basic spirit of democracy, Ensures that all citizens are heard and consulted.  Civics |Power Sharing Learning from Belgium's experience, which of the following steps could have most likely avoided a civil war in Sri Lanka that ended in 2009? CBSE 2023 A. Making reservations in jobs for the Tamil speaking minority community. B. Dividing the entire country on the basis of linguistic lines to appease the citizens C. Devising laws to accommodate the ethnic differences of citizens to ensure peace D. Conducting a thorough census to strictly segregate the Indian Tamils from the Sri Lankan Tamils  Civics |Power Sharing Forms of Power - Sharing Need? 1. Among different organs of government. Horizontal form of power sharing such as the executive, judiciary and legislature; ensures that no one organ has unlimited power, create checks and balance. 2. Among government at different levels. Vertical form of power sharing. Power shared between central, state and local government bodies; ensures federal division of power. 3. Among different social groups. Accommodates social diversities and gives representation to historically marginalised communities, example reservation in India, Community government in Belgium. 4. Among political parties, pressure groups and movements. Ensures multiplicity of views through multi party systems and pressure group, example: Coalition government.  Civics |Power Sharing Modern democracies maintain a check and balance system. Identify the correct option based on the horizontal power sharing arrangement. CBSE 2020, 17, 16 A. Central government, state government and local bodies. B. Legislature, executive and judiciary. C. Among different social groups. D. Among different pressure groups.  Key Words Civics |Power Sharing Coalition government - When a single political Civil war - A violent conflict between opposing party is not able to secure majority. In this case, groups within a country that becomes so intense two or more than two political parties come that it like a war. together to form government by sharing power. Ethnic - A social division based on shared culture. Community government - Community government People belonging to the same ethnic group believe is an elected body by the people belonging to one in their common descent because of similarities of language, one culture or any common property no physical type or of culture, or both. They need not matter where they live. Experimented in Belgium. always have the same religion or nationality. Majoritarianism - A belief that the majority Pressure groups : Pressure groups are those community should be able to rule a country in organisations that attempt to influence the policies whichever way it wants, by disregarding the wishes of the government to safeguard their own and needs of the minority interests. Ex : Trade union.  Civics |Power Sharing Describe the ethnic composition of Sri Lanka. The major social groups in Sri Lanka are the Sinhala speakers (74%) and the Tamil speakers (18%). Among Tamils, there are two subgroups. Sri Lankan Tamils, or the Tamil natives of Sri Lanka (13%). Indian Tamils (5%) whose forefather came from India as plantation workers during colonial period. Most of the Sinhala speakers are Buddhists. Most of the Tamils speakers are either Hindus or Muslims. Christians are about 7%, who are both Tamil and Sinhala.  Civics |Power Sharing Who were the different ethnic groups in Belgium? Give a brief account of them. Belgium is a small country in Europe, with a population of about one crore and has communities which speak Dutch, German and French language and live in three major regions Flemish , Wallonia and Brussels. i) In the Flemish region, 59 percent of the population of the country lives here and speaks Dutch language. ii) In the Wallonia region another 40 percent people live and speak French and one percent of the population of Belgium speak German and they live in the east of Belgium. iii) In the capital city of Belgium, Brussels 80 percent people speak French and 20 percent people speak Dutch.  Civics |Power Sharing Give reasons why power sharing is desirable? Prudential reasons: It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups. It is a good way to ensure the stability of political order. Imposing the will of the majority community, over others may look like an attractive option in the short run, but in the long run it undermines the unity of the nation. Moral reasons: Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy. People have the right to be consulted on how they are to be governed. A legitimate government is one where citizens through participation, acquires a stake in the system.  Civics |Power Sharing Describe the elements of the Belgian model for accommodating diversities. Introduction ( Amended their constitution four times ) The number of Dutch and French-speaking ministers shall be equal in the central government. State are not made subordinates to the central government. Brussels has a separate government in which both the communities have equal representation. A third kind of government, community government was formed which was elected by the people belonging to one language community that has the power regarding cultural, educational and language related issues.  Civics |Power Sharing What were the reasons for the alienation of Sri Lankan Tamils? What was the effect of this on the country? Government adopted majoritarian measures to establish Sinhala Supremacy. In 1956, an Act was passed to recognise Sinhala as the only official language thus, disregarding Tamil. Preferential politics that favoured Sinhala applicants for university positions and government jobs. The state stated protecting and fostering Buddhism. Sri Lankan Tamils felt that none of the major political parties led by the Buddhist Sinhala leaders was sensitive to their language and culture. The relations between the Sinhala and Tamil communities strained overtime, and it soon turned into a Civil War.  Civics |Power Sharing What are the different forms of power sharing in modern democracies? Give an example of each of these. Power Sharing among the Different Organs of Government (i.e. Horizontal distribution of power) the system of checks and balances. Power Sharing among Governments at Different Levels (i.e. Vertical distribution of power sharing) In this form of power sharing, power is shared at the different levels of government. Power Sharing Among Different Social Groups In a democracy, especially, in multi-ethnic society, power is also shared among s social such as religious and linguistic groups Community government. Power Sharing among Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Movements. They form a Coalition Government and thus share power.  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2019 - Set [32/1/1] Compare the situation of Belgium and Sri Lanka considering their location, size and cultural aspects. 3 CBSE Board Paper 2019 - Set [32/1/1] How is the idea of power sharing emerged? Explain different forms that have common arrangements of power sharing. 3 CBSE Board Paper 2019 - Set [32/4/1] Evaluate the power sharing system in India. 3 CBSE Board Paper 2019 - Set [32/3/1] How is community government elected in Belgium? 3 CBSE Board Paper 2019 - Set [32/3/1] How did the feeling of alienation develop among the Sri Lankan Tamils? 2 CBSE Board Paper 32/5/1 (2019) Why power sharing good for democracies? Explain one reason. 2  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 32/5/1 (2020) Describe the elements of Belgian model for accommodating diversities. 3 CBSE Board Paper 32/5/1 (2020) Describe the horizontal power sharing arrangements. 3  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2020 - Set [32/1/1] Which one of the following is a major caste group of Sri Lanka : A. Christian and Tamil B. Buddhist and Hindu C. Sinhali and Tamil D. Sinhali and Christian CBSE Board Paper 2020 - Set [32/2/1] Identify the correct option of power sharing on the basis of different levels of government. A. Among different pressure groups. B. Among different social groups. C. Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. D. Union Government, State Government and Local bodies.  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2020 - Set [32/1/1] Modern democracies maintain check and balance system. Identify the correct option based on the horizontal power sharing arrangement. A. Central government, state government, local bodies. B. Legislature, executive, judiciary. C. Among different social groups. D. Among different pressure groups. CBSE Board Paper 2021-22 - Set [32/1/4] [Term 1] Identify 'Horizontal power sharing' arrangements among the following in modern democracies A. Different organs of government B. Governments at different levels C. Different social groups D. Different parties, pressure groups and movements  Civics |Power Sharing Sample Questions Paper 2021-22 [Term 1] Identify the administrative system of Indian Government with the help of the following information. Power shared between Central and State Governments to Local Governments. It is called as a third tier of the Government. The State Governments are required to share some powers and revenue with them. Select the appropriate option from the following. A. Federal system B. Unitary Federal system C. Decentralised system D. Unitary system CBSE Board Paper 2021-22 - Set [32/1/4] [Term 1] Assertion (A): Power sharing is good. Reason (R): It help to reduce the possibility of conflicts between social groups. A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). C. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. D. Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 32/5/1 (2023) Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follow : Belgium is a small country in Europe, smaller in area than the state of Haryana. It has borders with France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg. It has a population of a little over one crore, about half the population of Haryana. The ethnic composition of this small country is very complex. Of the country's total population, 59 per cent lives in the Flemish region and speaks Dutch language. Another 40 per cent people live in the Wallonia region and speak French. Remaining one per cent of the Belgians speak German. In the capital city Brussels, 80 per cent of the people speak French while 20 per cent are Dutch-speaking. (1) Explain the ethnic composition of Belgium. 1 (2) Explain the term 'ethnic'. 1 (3) How did the Belgian Government solve their ethnic problem? Explain. 1  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2023 - Set [32/4/1] Consider the following statements on Power Sharing and choose the correct option : (I) Majoritarianism is the real spirit of democracy. (II) It creates balance and harmony in different groups. (III) It reduces the possibility of conflict among social groups. (IV) Power sharing is the essence of democracy. Options : (a) I, II and III (b) II, III and IV (c) I, III and IV (d) I, II and IV  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2023 - Set [32/4/1] Identify the administrative level of Indian Government with the help of the information given in the box and choose the correct option : Power shared between Central to Local Government. The State Governments are required to share some powers and revenue with them. It is called a three tier government. Options : A. Dictatorial System B. Decentralized System C. Unitary Federal System D. Imperialistic System  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2023 - Set [32/6/1] Consider the following statements on Power sharing and choose the correct option. Imposing the will of majority community over others. It helps in reducing the possibility of conflict between the social groups. Power sharing is a good way to ensure the stability of political order. It brings socio-political opposition among parties. Options: (A) I and III (C) I and IV (B) II and III (D) I and II  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2023 - Set [32/1/1] Consider the following statements on Power Sharing and choose the correct option: I. It deepens democracy. II. It helps to reduce conflicts among social groups. III. It is a way to ensure political stability. IV. It brings socio-economic struggles. Options: (A) I, II and III (B) II, III and IV (C) I, III and IV (D) I, II and IV CBSE Board Paper 32/5/1 (2023) In modern democracies, power sharing arrangements can take many forms." Explain the statement. 2  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2024 - Set [32/1/3] What role do 'checks and balances' play in a democratic country ? 1 Choose the most suitable option from the following. (a) To establish a direct form of government without representatives. (b) To create a separation of powers to prevent from authoritarianism. (c) To prevent any change to the Constitution. (d) To ensure absolute power, for one branch of government. CBSE Board Paper 2024 - Set [32/1/3] Which of the following was the primary objective of Belgium to form the separate government in Brussels ? 1 (a) Promoting cultural events. (b) Managing international relations. (c) Enforcing local laws. (d) Ensuring linguistic accommodation. CBSE Board Paper 2024 - Set [32/1/3] Explain the prudential reasons of power sharing. 2  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2024 - Set [32/2/2] Read the following statements about power-sharing arrangement in Belgium and choose the correct option. 1 I. Brussels has a separate Govt. with equal representation. II. Dutch & French-speaking ministers are equal in Central Govt. III. Community Govt. is elected by People belonging to one language. IV. Series of majoritarian measures adopted in Belgium. Options: (A) I, II and IV (B) I, III and IV (C) II, III and IV (D) I, II and III  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2024 - Set [32/2/2] How is horizontal power sharing different from vertical? Explain. 2 CBSE Board Paper 2024 - Set [32/3/3] Identify the primary objective of power sharing arrangements in Belgium from the following options. 1 (A) Establishing a unitary form of government. (B) Centralized political control of government. (C) Establishing cultural and educational matters of Dutch. (D) Accommodating linguistic and regional interest.  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2024 - Set [32/4/1] Read the arguments given in the favour of power sharing and choose the correct option. 1 I. Reduces the likelihood of bias. II. Barricades the decision-making process. III. Accommodates diversities. IV. Increases the participation of people in power. Options: (A) Only I, II and III are correct. (B) Only II, III and IV are correct. (C) Only I, III and IV are correct. (D) Only I, II and IV are correct.  Civics |Power Sharing CBSE Board Paper 2024 - Set [32/5/2] Two statements, I and II are given below. 1 Read both the statements and choose the correct option. Statement I : Division of power is good for democratic systems. Statement II : It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups. Options: (A) Statement I is true, but II is false. (B) Statement I is false, but II is true. (C) Statements I and II are true and II is the correct explanation of I. (D) Statements I and II are true, but II is not the correct explanation of I.