Police Psychology_W6.pptx

FPSY 3900 PSYCHOLOGY OF POLICING Psychology applied to policing issues Dr. Ahmet Demirden Chapter 7:  Psychological jurisprudence and the role of police psychology in community psychology INTRODUCTION  Police psychology is an established field of behavioral science inquiry and clinical forens...

FPSY 3900 PSYCHOLOGY OF POLICING Psychology applied to policing issues Dr. Ahmet Demirden Chapter 7:  Psychological jurisprudence and the role of police psychology in community psychology INTRODUCTION  Police psychology is an established field of behavioral science inquiry and clinical forensic practice;  What about community psychology? COMMUNITY PSCYHOLOGY  Addressing the critical concerns of community psychology? Policing youth: A police psychology review  Addressing police-youth interactions  These relational encounters are frequent and inevitable.  Police-Youth Interaction POLICING YOUTH  Aggressive policing strategies  B = f (P,E)  Responding to the praxis imperatives of community psychology? Five Principal Categories of Police Psychology Research 1. Perceptual cues & interpersonal skills; 2. Attributions; 3. The personality of law enforcement personnel; 4. Policing, stress management, and exposure to aggression; 5. Recruiting and training police officers. The perceptual cues & interpersonal skills  Children and adolescents experience or are prone to some developmental anomalies  Vulnerable adolescents are developmentally immature and cognitively impaired in numerous ways The attributions by police officers  Disproportionate minority contact  Interactions under legally and causally ambiguous circumstances  Attribution errors re: minority youth The personality of law enforcement personnel     psychological evaluations for officers Personality = dispositional? common personality traits Increased feeling of isolation  Policing,  Stress management, and  Exposure to aggression The psychology of recruiting  Soft skills in relation to interacting with youth  Juveniles vs adults  Police as problem solvers Psychological jurisprudence:  On theory, method, and practice • As theory, PJ both reevaluates and rediagnoses the status of “madness” in society  The concept of precrime society • Justice an actuarial inevitability  As method, PJ rereads (deconstructs) the texts of hyper-securitization  As practice, PJ promotes an ethic of citizenship Bridging Police Psychology & Community Psychology  The police-youth encounter  Reciprocal suspicion between police and youth  Strategy or intervention  Policing youth at schools, in homes, or on the streets  Conscientiousness as a preemployment screening measure is not sufficient  Teaching field officers “in ways that build trust within those communities Chapter 8:  The role of psychological science in public order policing Classical perspectives and reactionary policing  The idea of public order policing was developed further by Stott and Reicher (1998a)  Three consistent themes 1. Crowds = Violent minority + Peaceful majority 2. Crowds are potentially conflictual 3. Policing practices, as a result of officers perspectives  Are crowds single entities?  Fundamental attribution error with crowds  Anonymity lead to irrationality?  This classical theory was developed at the end of the 19th century  Classical theories functioned as a means to facilitate social control.  Police Action producing confrontation • London demonstration • London Taxation Demonstration • Reading the London Riots The social identity approach new way of understanding the crowd  The Social Identity Model (SIM) of crowd behavior  Is SIM able to explain the normative behaviour of the crowd? Elaborated Social Identity Model (ESIM)  ESIM of crowd behaviour • At an empirical level • At a theoretical level  SIM as an application and development of Self-Categorization Theory (SCT) The pattern can be summarized as follows  First a physical crowd is constituted by smaller, relatively heterogeneous groups  The same crowd is perceived as a homogenous threat  This action against the crowd by the authorities  As a result of the shifting intergroup context  Conflict toward the police comes to be seen as legitimate  The boundaries of identity shift to be more inclusive ESIM and football crowds: policing and self-regulation  A significant component of the early empirical and theoretical development of ESIM  Early academic theories of crowd violence at football  Early academic theories of crowd violence at football suggested that collective conflict in this context was the result of the convergence of the “rough working class”.  Policing approach that predominates in football relies heavily upon the surveillance, categorization, and coercive control of so called risk fans ESIM: Understanding HOOLIGAN account  1990 Italian World Cup Finals  England fans understanding themselves to be behaving legitimately.  Violent tendencies or intergroup interactions? • England vs Scotland fans Euro 2000: High and low-profile policing  The “action research” oriented approach  High vs low profile policing  Evidence suggests that low-profile policing is more effective Euro 2004  Application Euro 2004: changing police psychology of the crowd. • • • • Education Facilitation Communication Differentiation Success of Euro 2004: The Challenge of change  This time four years ago, we’d have been policing this game with what, PSU and here we are doing it with three tomorrow.  It [the dialogue approach]is a win win, the club are saving money because they are not paying for the same number of officers at games and we’re saving, with the overall wider community of South Wales also benefiting as there’s less officers being subtracted from their communities to police the football.  What I can’t understand is why my colleagues around the country are perhaps not taking the same view. Final remarks  Certainly police psychology matters.  However, in the case of policing crowds, psychology is not all that matters.  we must be cognizant that there is a need for interdisciplinarity to understand how this psychology and behavior is shaped, enabled, and constrained by its social and political context