Poetry Notes PDF

POETRY ======  - **POETRY: THE USE OF WORDS AND LAN** - **POEM: ARRANGEMENT OF THESE WORDS** - **POET: AUTHOR OF THE POEM** - **PERSONA: SPEAKER OF THE POEM** WHAT IS POETRY? --------------- - **LITERARY WORK IN WHICH SPECIAL INTENSITY IS GIVEN TO THE EXPRE...

POETRY ======  - **POETRY: THE USE OF WORDS AND LAN** - **POEM: ARRANGEMENT OF THESE WORDS** - **POET: AUTHOR OF THE POEM** - **PERSONA: SPEAKER OF THE POEM** WHAT IS POETRY? --------------- - **LITERARY WORK IN WHICH SPECIAL INTENSITY IS GIVEN TO THE EXPRESSION OF FEELINGS AND IDEAS BY THE USE OF DISTINCTIVE STYLE AND RHYTHM; POEMS COLLECTIVELY, OR AS A GENRE OF LITERATURE.** - **LITERATURE THAT EVOKES A CONCENTRATED IMAGINATIVE AWARENESS OF EXPERIENCE OR A SPECIFIC EMOTIONAL RESPONSE THROUGH LANGUAGE CHOSEN AND ARRANGED FOR ITS MEANING, SOUND, AND RHYTHM.** - **THE LANGUAGE OF IMAGINATION EXPRESSED IN VERSE.** - **IT CAN BE DEFINED AS "LITERATURE IN METRICAL FORM" OR A "COMPOSITION FORMING RHYTHMIC LINES."** ### Characteristics of Poetry - **IT EXPRESSES CREATIVE THOUGHTS IN MUCH BRIEFER WAY THAN A SHORT STORY AND NOVEL.** - **IT USES ELEMENTS SUCH AS RHYTHM, IMAGERY, VERSE AND METER, AND POETIC DEVICES.** - **IT HAS MUSICAL QUALITY.** - **IT HAS STRUCTURE.** ### Characteristics of Poetry - **IT IS USED TO EXPRESS INTENSE PERSONAL EMOTIONS AND EXPERIENCES.** - **THE CONTENT OF A POEM SHOWS THE UNIVERSAL TRUTH AND CONNOTES A DEEPER MEANING.** - **IT DOES NOT USE EVERYDAY LANGUAGE.** ELEMENTS OF POETRY ================== ELEMENTS OF POETRY ---------------------------------------- 1. POETIC LINE =========== - **A GROUP OF WORDS THAT FORM A SINGLE LINE IN A POETRY.**  2. **[Verse]** is a line in traditional poetry that is written in meter. - Poems with rhyme and with meter. - Unlike metered poetry, free verse poetry does NOT have any repeating - Free verse poetry is very conversational - sounds like someone talking with you. A more modern type of poetry. - Written in lines of iambic pentameter but does NOT use end rhyme. - With METER without end RHYME   STANZA ====== - **A UNIT OF LINES GROUPED TOGETHER. SIMILAR TO A PARAGRAPH IN A SHORT STORY.**  STANZA ======  1. **COUPLETS- STANZAS OF ONLY TWO LINES WHICH USUALLY RHYME.** TYPES OF STANZAS ================ 1. **COUPLETS- STANZAS OF ONLY TWO LINES WHICH USUALLY RHYME.** TYPES OF STANZAS ======================================  TYPES OF STANZAS ================  Types of Quatrains ================== - **ALTERNATING - A FOUR LINE STANZA RHYMING \"ABAB."** ### Types of Quatrains 4. RHYME SCHEME ============ - **THE PATTERN IN WHICH END RHYME OCCURS.** - **RHYMES ARE TYPES OF POEMS WHICH HAVE THE THE REPETITION OF THE SAME OR SIMILAR SOUNDS AT THE END OF TWO OR MORE WORDS MOST AT THE ENDS OF LINES.**  When they said the **time** to **hide** was **mine**, \- "The Rabbit" by Elizabeth Maddox TONE / MOOD =========== - **REFERS TO THE SPEAKER\'S ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE SUBJECT OF A LITERARY WORK AS INDICATED IN THE WORK ITSELF.** - **GENERAL EMOTIONAL WEATHER OF THE POEM.** IMAGERY ============================= - **REPRESENTATION OF THE FIVE SENSES: SIGHT, TASTE, TOUCH, SOUND, AND SMELL.** - **CREATES MENTAL IMAGES ABOUT A POEM'S SUBJECT.** THEME ===== 7. SOUND DEVICES =================================== 1. **ONOMATOPOEIA:** SOUND DEVICES ============= 2. **ALLITERATION:** SOUND DEVICES =================================== 3. **ASSONANCE:** #### *EX.* - HEAR THE MELLOW WEDDING BELLS. - IT BEATS... AS IT SWEEPS... AS IT CLEANS. 7. SOUND DEVICES ================ 4. **CONSONANCE:** - **BLACK-BLOCK** - **SLIP-SLOP** - **CREAK-CROAK** 7. SOUND DEVICES ====================================== 5. **ANAPHORA: THE REPETITION OF WORD OR WORDS AT THE BEGINNING OF TWO OR MORE SUCCESSIVE VERSES.** #### *EX.* SYMBOLISM ========= 1. **Lyric Poetry:** It is any poem with one speaker (not necessarily the poet) who expresses **strong thoughts and feelings**. Most poems, especially modern ones, are lyric poems. 2. **Narrative Poem:** It is a poem that **tells a story**; its structure resembles the plot line of a story \[i.e. the introduction of conflict and characters, rising action, climax and the denouement\]. 3. **Descriptive Poem:** It is a poem that **describes the world** that surrounds the speaker. It uses elaborate imagery and adjectives. While emotional, it is more \"outward-focused\" than lyric poetry, which is more personal and introspective. a. **Ode.** An ode is a lyric poem that praises an individual, an idea or an event. The length is usually moderate, the subject is serious, the style is elevated and the stanza pattern is elaborate. In Ancient Greece, odes were originally accompanied by music. In fact, the word "ode" comes from the Greek word *aeidein*, which means to sing or to dance. b. **Elegy.** An elegy is written with a purpose to "mourn the dead". It usually begins by reminiscing about the dead person, then weeps for the reason of death, and then resolves the grief by concluding that death leads to immortality. It has no set stanza or metrical pattern. It often uses \"apostrophe\" as a literary technique. ##### Sub-type of Lyric Poetry c. **Sonnet.** It is a lyric poem consisting of 14 lines and, in the English version, is - **Italian/Petrarchan sonnet** is named after Petrarch, an Italian Renaissance poet. The Petrarchan sonnet consists of an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines). It tends to divide the thought into two parts (argument and conclusion). My true account, lest he returning **chide;** B And post o'er Land and Ocean without **rest:** D They also serve who only stand and **wait."** E - **Shakespearean sonnet** consists of three quatrains (four lines each) and a concluding couplet (two lines). The final couplet is the summary. The rhyming pattern is *ABAB CDCD EFEF GG.* Two households, both alike in dignity, A Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean. B From forth the fatal loins of these two foes C A pair of star-cross\'d lovers take their life; D - **Spenserian Sonnet** is divided into three quatrains, or segments of four lines, followed by a rhyming couplet. The rhyming pattern is usually One day I wrote her name upon the strand, A But came the waves and washed it away: B \"Not so,\" (quod I) \"let baser things devise C To die in dust, but you shall live by fame: D 2. **Narrative Poetry.** a. **Ballad.** It is a narrative poem that has a musical rhythm and can be sung. b. **Epic.** It is a long narrative poem in elevated style recounting the deeds of a legendary or historical hero. Examples of epic include *Iliad* by Homer, *Beowulf*, *The Divine Comedy* by Dante Alighieri, *Metamorphoses* by Ovid and many more. 3. **Descriptive Poetry.** It is a poem that describes the world that surrounds the speaker. It uses elaborate imagery and adjectives. While emotional, it is more \"outward-focused\" than lyric poetry, which is more personal and introspective.  1. **Haiku.** It has an unrhymed verse form having three lines (a tercet) and usually **5,7,5 syllables,** respectively. It is usually considered a lyric poem. 1. **Limerick.** It has a very structured poem, usually humorous & composed of five lines in an AABBA rhyming pattern; It is usually a narrative poem based upon a short and often ribald anecdote. Example: *A poem by Dixon Lanier Merritt*  1. A stanza of only two lines which usually rhyme. ==================================================  ### A stanza of four lines which can be written in a SPECIFIC rhyme scheme. 3. **A quatrain with**  4. **A quatrain with** 5. **What do you call the writer\'s attitude towards the subject of a literary work as indicated in the work itself.**