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# Theme II: Diversification of Spaces and Production Actors ## Chapter 1: Global Scale A productive space is a location where goods or services are produced. It is driven by economic and political actors (businesses and states). These actors enable societal development and adapt to global circumst...

# Theme II: Diversification of Spaces and Production Actors ## Chapter 1: Global Scale A productive space is a location where goods or services are produced. It is driven by economic and political actors (businesses and states). These actors enable societal development and adapt to global circumstances. Globalization = connecting different parts of the world through the acceleration of various flows, facilitated by advancements like transportation and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Globalization has accelerated since the 1980s, leading to significant increases in flows. Certain productive spaces seem to adapt more easily than others, with those near major cities showing greater adaptability. Some, like the Silicon Valley model, have been replicated in France (Saclay), the South of France (Sophia Antipolis), and the French Riviera (Nice). ## Problem Statement With globalization accelerating for 30 years, will a new global production space emerge? ## Types of Global Production Spaces 1. A growing diversity of production spaces exists globally. 2. The dominance of global production remains with major economic powers (the US, Western Europe, and Japan). However, emerging economies (China, India, and Brazil) are also significant competitors. 3. Since 2013, China has become the world’s leading industrial power.