Physics Test Sample 1: Chapters 1-6 PDF

Test Sample 1: Chapter: 1 - 6 𝒅 Speed 𝒔 = 𝒕 ; 𝒅 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆; 𝒕 − 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆: 𝒅 = 𝒔𝒕; Momentum = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 × 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒗𝒇 = 𝒗𝒊 + 𝒂𝒕; Impulse= 𝑭𝒕 = 𝒎∆𝒗; gravity 𝒈 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒎⁄𝒔𝟐 1. The earliest and most influential Greek philosopher was Aristotle, who among many contributions taught that A) t...

Test Sample 1: Chapter: 1 - 6 𝒅 Speed 𝒔 = 𝒕 ; 𝒅 = 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆; 𝒕 − 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆: 𝒅 = 𝒔𝒕; Momentum = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 × 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒗𝒇 = 𝒗𝒊 + 𝒂𝒕; Impulse= 𝑭𝒕 = 𝒎∆𝒗; gravity 𝒈 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒎⁄𝒔𝟐 1. The earliest and most influential Greek philosopher was Aristotle, who among many contributions taught that A) the four elements are earth, water, air, and fire. B) all motion is either natural or violent. C) violent motion requires a sustained push or pull. D) all of the above Answer: D 2. The first scientist to be credited for postulating that Earth circled the Sun was A) Aristotle. B) Copernicus. C) Galileo. D) Newton. Answer: B 3. The first scientist to introduce the concept of inertia was A) Aristotle. B) Galileo. C) Newton. D) Copernicus. Answer: B 4. Inertia is defined as a A) force. B) property of matter. C) change in motion. D) none of the above Answer: B 5. Galileo's use of inclined planes allowed him to effectively A) slow down the ball's changes in speed. B) reduce the time of the ball's changes in speed. C) eliminate all changes in speed. D) eliminate friction. Answer: A 6. Galileo's interpretation of motion differed from Aristotle's in that Galileo emphasized A) the acceleration of free fall. B) rates of time. C) the role of distance in describing motion. D) none of the above Answer: B 7. If no external forces act on a moving object, it will A) continue moving at the same speed. B) move slower and slower until it finally stops. C) come to an abrupt halt. D) none of the above Answer: A 8. Galileo taught us that if you roll a ball along a level surface it will A) soon slow down due to its natural place. B) keep rolling if friction is absent. C) roll as long as its inertia nudges it along. D) soon roll in the opposite direction. Answer: B 9. A hockey puck is set in motion across a frozen pond. If ice friction and air resistance are neglected, the force required to keep the puck sliding at constant velocity is A) equal to its weight. B) equal to its weight divided by its mass. C) equal to its mass times its weight. D) none of the above Answer: D 10. The amount of force needed to sustain motion of a rock in outer space is A) a force equal to its weight. B) a force less than its weight if friction is absent. C) none of these Answer: C 11. Whirl a rock at the end of a string and it follows a circular path. If the string breaks, the tendency of the rock is to A) follow a circular path. B) slow down. C) follow a straight-line path. D) stop. Answer: C 12. Which concept is being illustrated when a tablecloth is quickly yanked beneath dishes resting on a table? A) equilibrium B) friction C) support force D) inertia Answer: D 13. When you flick a card from beneath a coin that hardly moves, you're illustrating A) inertia. B) equilibrium. C) support force. D) friction. Answer: A 14. A sheet of paper can be quickly jerked beneath a container of milk without toppling, which best demonstrates A) net force. B) the difference between force and mass. C) inertia. Answer: C 15. A roller-coaster ride with 6 passengers takes 3 minutes. Neglecting friction, a similar ride with 12 passengers aboard would take A) 1.5 minutes. B) 3 minutes. C) 6 minutes. D) 18 minutes. Answer: B 16. A package falls off a truck that is moving at 30 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, the horizontal speed of the package just before it hits the ground is A) zero. B) less than 30 m/s but more than zero. C) about 30 m/s. D) more than 30 m/s. Answer: C 17. If your automobile runs out of fuel while driving, the engine stops. You don't come to an abrupt stop due to A) inertia. B) gravity. C) resistance. D) the principle of continuation. Answer: A 18. When a rocket ship gaining speed in outer space runs out of fuel, it A) gains speed for a short time, then slows down to a constant velocity. B) gains speed for a short time, slows down, and eventually stops. C) no longer gains speed. Answer: C 19. A moving van with a stone lightly glued to the midpoint of its ceiling smoothly moves at constant velocity. When the glue gives way, the stone falls and hits the floor A) ahead of the midpoint of the ceiling. B) exactly below the midpoint of the ceiling. C) behind the midpoint of the ceiling. D) none of the above Answer: B 20. While you are standing in the aisle of a bus, the driver suddenly makes a left turn. You lurch to the right due to A) an unbalanced force. B) your tendency to keep moving forward. C) an equilibrium challenge. Answer: B 21. Due to inertia, perhaps a railroad train in motion should continue moving indefinitely when its engine is turned off. This is not observed because railroad trains A) aren't massive enough. B) are too heavy. C) ride on straight tracks. D) encounter opposing forces. Answer: D 22. Tension is actually a force that tends to A) stretch something. B) compress something. C) break something. D) balance something. Answer: A 23. Nellie pulls with a force of 50 N on a horizontal rope tied to a tree at rest. The net force on the rope is A) 50 N and rope tension is 0 N. B) 50 N and rope tension is also 50 N. C) zero and rope tension is 50 N. D) zero and rope tension is also zero. Answer: C 24. Two students engaged in a tug-of-war each pull a rope in opposite directions with a force of 400 N. The net force on the rope is A) zero and rope tension is 400 N. B) zero and rope tension is 800 N. C) 400 N and rope tension is 800 N. D) 400 N and rope tension is also 400 N. Answer: A 25. When you quickly jerk a cart forward that has a ball resting in the middle, the A) front of the cart hits the ball. B) back of the cart hits the ball. C) neither, for the ball rides along in the middle as the cart moves forward. D) All of the above depending on how quickly the cart is pulled. Answer: B 26. A block pulled to the left with 15 N and to the right with 5 N at the same time experiences a net force of A) 5 N. B) 10 N. C) 15 N. D) 20 N. Answer: B 27. A tree stump is pulled northward by a 10-N force at the same time a 25-N force pulls it southward. The resultant force has a magnitude of A) 0 N. B) 15 N. C) 25 N. D) 150 N. Answer: B 28. When a pair of 10-N forces act on a box of candy, the net force on the box is A) zero. B) about 14 N. C) 20 N. D) Any of the above depending on the directions of forces. Answer: D 29. A pair of 10-N vectors at right angles to each other has a resultant of about A) 10 N. B) 14 N. C) 20 N. D) none of the above Answer: B 30. The resultant of a 40-N force at right angles to a 30-N force is A) 30 N. B) 40 N. C) 50 N. D) greater than 50 N. Answer: C 31. When Nellie Newton hangs by the ends of a rope draped over a large pulley, the tension in each supporting vertical strand is A) half her weight. B) equal to her weight. C) twice her weight. D) none of the above Answer: A 32. Nellie hangs from a pair of ropes at an angle. Tension in the ropes depends on the A) length of the ropes. B) angle of the ropes. C) both of these D) neither of these Answer: B 33. The net force on any object in equilibrium is A) zero. B) equal to its weight. C) less than its weight. D) non-zero when motion is involved. Answer: A 34. The equilibrium rule, ΣF = 0, applies to A) objects or systems at rest. B) objects or systems in uniform motion in a straight line. C) both of these D) neither of these Answer: C 35. The force of friction on a sliding object is 10 N. The applied force needed to maintain a constant velocity is A) more than 10 N. B) less than 10 N. C) 10 N. Answer: C 36. When you stand at rest on a pair of bathroom scales, the reading on each scale A) is half your weight. B) equals your weight. C) add up to equal your weight. Answer: C 37. Weigh yourself on a weighing scale and the scale shows your normal weight. If you carefully stand on tiptoes, the scale reading will be A) slightly more. B) slightly less. C) about half as much. D) no different. Answer: D 38. The force that causes Earth to orbit the Sun is due to gravity, while the force needed to keep Earth moving as it circles the Sun is A) inertia. B) due to gravity. C) due to both inertia and gravity. D) no force at all. Answer: D 39. If you toss a coin straight upward while in a train moving at constant velocity, the coin will land A) as if you were at rest. B) in front of you. C) in back of you. Answer: A 40. If you toss a coin straight upward in train that gains speed while the coin is in the air, the coin will land A) as if you were at rest. B) in front of you. C) in back of you. Answer: C 41. If you toss a coin straight upward in train that slows while the coin is in the air, the coin will land A) as if you were at rest. B) in front of you. C) in back of you. Answer: B 42. A gymnast performing somersaults in a high-flying plane moving at constant velocity needs to make A) small adjustments to compensate for the airplane's velocity. B) major adjustments to compensate for the airplane's velocity. C) no adjustments. D) none of the above Answer: C 43. Earth continually moves about 30 km/s through space, which means the wall you stand next to also is moving at 30 km/s. When you jump vertically the wall doesn't slam into you because A) the speeds of you and Earth cancel out. B) you're moving horizontally just as fast as the wall. C) your upward motion is small compared with Earth's speed. D) motion of the Sun counteracts your motion. Answer: B 44. A bird sitting on the limb of a tree is moving about 30 km/s with respect to the Sun. If the bird takes 1 second to drop down to a worm below, the worm would be 30 km downrange from the bird when it reached the ground. This faulty reasoning is best countered with Newton's A) law of inertia. B) law of gravity. C) laws of motion. D) none of the above Answer: A 45. A mosquito flying at 3 m/s that encounters a breeze blowing at 3 m/s in the same direction has a speed of A) 0 m/s. B) 3 m/s. C) 4 m/s. D) 6 m/s. Answer: D 46. A mosquito flying at 3 m/s that encounters a breeze blowing at 3 m/s in the opposite direction has a speed of A) 0 m/s. B) 3 m/s. C) 4 m/s. D) 6 m/s. Answer: A 47. Katelyn runs along the aisle of a train that moves at 8 m/s. Her speed relative to the floor is 3 m/s. Her speed relative to an observer at rest on the ground is A) 5 m/s. B) 11 m/s. C) either depending on her running direction D) none of the above Answer: C 48. You're at rest in a hammock when a hungry mosquito sees an opportunity for lunch. A mild 2- m/s breeze is blowing. If the mosquito joins you for lunch it should hover over you by flying A) against the breeze at 2 m/s. B) with the breeze at 2 m/s. C) a bit faster than wind speed. D) none of the above Answer: A  49. Jogging Jake runs at 4 m/s along a train flatcar that moves at 10 m/s in the same direction. Jake's speed relative to the ground is A) 6 m/s. B) 10 m/s. C) 14 m/s. D) none of the above Answer: C 50. Jogging Jake runs at 4 m/s along a train flatcar that moves at 10 m/s in the opposite direction. Jake's speed relative to the ground is A) 6 m/s. B) 10 m/s. C) 14 m/s. D) none of the above Answer: A 51. The speedometer of an automobile reads A) average speed. B) instantaneous speed. C) accelerated speed. Answer: B 52. The two measurements necessary for calculating average speed are A) acceleration and time. B) velocity and time. C) distance and time. D) distance and acceleration. E) velocity and distance. Answer: C 53. When you walk at an average speed of 4 m/s, in 5 s you'll cover a distance of A) 2 m. B) 10 m. C) 15 m. D) 20 m. Answer: D 54. A vehicle undergoes acceleration when it A) gains speed. B) loses speed. C) changes its direction. D) all of the above Answer: D 55. The average speed of a horse that gallops 10 kilometers in 30 minutes is A) 15 km/h. B) 20 km/h. C) 30 km/h. D) 40 km/h. Answer: B 56. A ball rolls along a horizontal track in a certain time. If the track has a dip in it, the time to roll the length of the track will be A) less. B) the same. C) more. Answer: A 57. A ball rolls along a horizontal track in a certain time. If the track has a small upward dent in it, the time to roll the length of the track will be A) less. B) the same. C) more. Answer: C 58. While a car travels around a circular track at a constant speed, its A) acceleration is zero. B) velocity is zero. C) inertia is zero. D) none of the above Answer: D 59. If a car increases its velocity from zero to 60 m/s in 10 seconds, its acceleration is A) 3 m/s2. B) 6 m/s2. C) 60 m/s2. D) 600 m/s2. Answer: B 60. An object covers a distance of 8 meters in the first second of travel, another 8 meters during the next second, and 8 meters again during the third second. Its acceleration is A) 0 m/s2. B) 5 m/s2. C) 8 m/s2. D) 24 m/s2. Answer: A 61. A cart maintains a constant velocity of 100 m/s for 10 seconds. During this interval its acceleration is A) zero. B) 1 m/s2. C) 10 m/s2. D) none of the above Answer: A 62. A cart changes its speed from 90 m/s to 100 m/s in 10 seconds. During this interval its acceleration is A) zero. B) 1 m/s2. C) 10 m/s2. D) none of the above Answer: B 63. If an object moves with constant acceleration, its velocity must A) be constant also. B) change by the same amount each second. C) change by varying amounts depending on its speed. D) always decrease. Answer: B 64. A rock dropped from a 5-m height accelerates at 10 m/s2 and strikes the ground 1 s later. If the rock is dropped from a height of 2.5 m, its acceleration of fall is A) half. B) the same. C) twice. D) four times as much. Answer: B 65. A ball tossed vertically upward rises, reaches its highest point, and then falls back to its starting point. During this time the acceleration of the ball is always A) in the direction of motion. B) opposite its velocity. C) directed upward. D) directed downward. E) none of the above Answer: D 66. A car's speed 3 seconds after accelerating from rest at 2 m/s2 is A) 2 m/s. B) 3 m/s. C) 4 m/s. D) 6 m/s. Answer: D 67. A ball starting from rest at the top of an inclined plane gains a speed of 2 m/s for each second it rolls. What is its acceleration down the incline? A) 0.5 m/s2 B) 1 m/s2 C) 2 m/s2 D) 4 m/s2 Answer: C 68. A ball starting from rest at the top of an inclined plane accelerates at 2 m/s2 and reaches the bottom of the plane in 3 seconds. What is the length of the plane? A) 2 m B) 3 m C) 5 m D) 9 m Answer: D 69. The time it takes a car to attain a speed of 30 m/s when accelerating from rest at 2 m/s2 is A) 2 s. B) 15 s. C) 30 s. D) 60 s. E) none of the above Answer: B 70. What is the acceleration of a car that starts from rest and 5 seconds later reaches a speed of 20 m/s? A) 1 m/s2 B) 2 m/s2 C) 3 m/s2 D) 4 m/s2 E) 5 m/s2 Answer: D 71. Ten seconds after starting from rest, a car is moving at 40 m/s. What is the car's acceleration? A) 0.25 m/s2 B) 2.8 m/s2 C) 4.0 m/s2 D) 10 m/s2 E) 40 m/s2 Answer: C 72. If a rocket initially at rest accelerates at a rate of 50 m/s2 for one minute, its speed will be A) 50 m/s. B) 500 m/s. C) 3000 m/s. D) 3600 m/s. Answer: C 73. The accelerations possible for a ball on an inclined plane A) range from zero to g. B) range from g to infinity. C) have no limit. Answer: A 74. A freely-falling watermelon falls with constant A) velocity. B) speed. C) acceleration. D) distances each successive second. Answer: C 75. While an iron block near the Earth's surface is in free fall, it undergoes an increase in A) speed. B) acceleration. C) both of these D) neither of these Answer: A  76. The distance a freely falling bowling ball falls each second A) is about 5 m. B) is about 10 m. C) increases. D) none of the above Answer: C 77. Twelve seconds after starting from rest, a freely-falling cantelope has a speed of A) 10 m/s. B) 50 m/s. C) 100 m/s. D) more than 100 m/s. Answer: D 78. An apple falls from a tree and hits the ground 5 meters below with a speed of about A) 5 m/s. B) 10 m/s. C) 15 m/s. D) 20 m/s. E) not enough information Answer: B 79. If a stone falls to the bottom of a mineshaft in 6 seconds, then the depth of the shaft is about A) 60 m. B) 120 m. C) 180 m. D) more than 200 m. Answer: C 80. If a freely falling object were equipped with a speedometer, its speed reading would increase each second by about A) 5 m/s. B) 10 m/s. C) 15 m/s. D) a variable amount. E) depends on its initial speed Answer: B 81. If a freely falling object were equipped with a speedometer on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 20 m/s2, then its speed reading would increase each second by A) 10 m/s. B) 20 m/s. C) 30 m/s. D) 40 m/s. E) depends on its initial speed Answer: B 82. If an object falling freely were somehow equipped with an odometer to measure the distance it travels, then the amount of distance it travels each succeeding second would be A) constant. B) less and less each second. C) greater than the second before. D) doubled. Answer: C 83. An object at rest near the surface of a distant planet starts to fall freely. If the acceleration there is twice that of the Earth, its speed one second later would be A) 10 m/s. B) 20 m/s. C) 30 m/s. D) 40 m/s. Answer: B 84. A ball is thrown upwards and returns to the same location. Compared with its initial speed its speed when it returns is about A) half as much. B) the same. C) twice as much. D) four times as much. Answer: B 85. At one instant an object in free fall is moving downward at 50 m/s. One second later its speed is A) 25 m/s. B) 50 m/s. C) 55 m/s. D) 60 m/s. E) 100 m/s. Answer: D 86. At one instant a heavy object in air is moving upward at 50 m/s. One second later its speed is approximately A) 40 m/s. B) 50 m/s. C) 55 m/s. D) 60 m/s. Answer: A 87. The distance a freely falling object falls from rest in one-half second is A) 2 m. B) 4 m. C) 6 m. D) none of the above Answer: D 88. One half second after starting from rest, a freely falling object will have a speed of about A) 2 m/s. B) 5 m/s. C) 10 m/s. D) 20 m/s. E) none of the above Answer: B 89. An object falls freely from rest on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 20 m/s2. After 5 seconds, the object will have a speed of A) 5 m/s. B) 10 m/s. C) 20 m/s. D) 50 m/s. E) 100 m/s. Answer: E 90. An object falls freely from rest on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is twice as much as on Earth. In the first 5 seconds it falls a distance of A) 100 m. B) 150 m. C) 250 m. D) 500 m. E) none of the above Answer: C 91. If you throw a ball straight downward (in the absence of air resistance), after leaving your hand its acceleration is A) less than 10 m/s2. B) 10 m/s2. C) greater than 10 m/s2. Answer: B 92. The time it takes a projectile fired straight up at 10 m/s to reach the top of its path is about A) 1 s. B) 2 s. C) 10 s. D) not enough information Answer: A 93. The total time it takes a projectile fired straight up at 10 m/s to reach the top of its path and return to its starting point is about A) 1 s. B) 2 s. C) 10 s. D) 20 s. Answer: B 94. Neglecting air resistance, how fast must you toss a ball straight up in order for it to take 6 seconds to return to its initial level? A) 5 m/s B) 10 m/s C) 20 m/s D) 30 m/s E) more than 30 m/s Answer: D  95. When a ball thrown straight upwards reaches the very top of its path, its acceleration is A) zero. B) 5 m/s2. C) 10 m/s2. D) none of the above Answer: C 96. The muzzle velocity of a bullet fired from a new rifle is 100 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, at the end of one second a bullet fired straight up into the air will have traveled a distance of A) (100 - 5) m. B) (100 + 5) m. C) 100 m. D) 5 m. E) none of the above Answer: A 97. Neglecting air resistance, a bullet fired straight down from the top of a high cliff has an acceleration of A) less than 10 m/s2. B) 10 m/s2. C) more than 10 m/s2. D) depends on the height of the cliff. Answer: B 98. A bullet is dropped into a river from a very high bridge at the same time as another bullet is fired straight downward from a rifle. Neglecting air resistance, the acceleration just before striking the water is A) greater for the dropped bullet. B) greater for the fired bullet. C) the same for each bullet. D) none of the above Answer: C 99. Phil Physiker standing at the edge of a cliff throws one ball straight up and another ball straight down, both with the same speed. Neglecting air resistance, which ball hits the ground below with the greater speed? A) the one thrown upward B) the one thrown downward C) neither, both hit with the same speed Answer: C 100. Neglecting air resistance, a ball projected straight upward so it remains in the air for 10 seconds needs an initial speed of A) 50 m/s. B) 60 m/s. C) 80 m/s. D) 100 m/s. E) 110 m/s. Answer: A 101. A ball is projected 125 meters straight upward and then falls the same distance back to its starting point. Neglecting air resistance, its total time in the air is about A) 5 s. B) 10 s. C) 15 s. D) more than 20 s. Answer: B 102. A pot that falls from a ledge and hits the ground 45 m below hits the ground at A) 30 m/s. B) 60 m/s. C) 120 m/s. D) more than 120 m/s. Answer: A 103. The vertical height attained by a basketball player who achieves a hang time of a full 1 s is about A) 0.8 m. B) 1 m. C) 1.2 m. D) 2.5 m. E) more than 2.5 m. Answer: C 104. Compared with hang time on Earth, hang time on the Moon would be A) less. B) the same. C) greater. Answer: C 105. As water drops fall at a steady rate from a leaking faucet they A) get closer together. B) get farther apart. C) remain at a relatively fixed distance from one another. Answer: B 106. Phil leans over the edge of a cliff and throws a rock upward at 5 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, one second later the rock's speed is A) zero. B) 5 m/s. C) 10 m/s. D) 15 m/s. E) none of the above Answer: B 107. Phil leans over the edge of a cliff and throws a rock upward at 5 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, two seconds later the rock's speed is A) zero. B) 5 m/s. C) 10 m/s. D) 15 m/s. E) none of the above Answer: D  108. Phil leans over the edge of a cliff and throws a rock upward at 5 m/s. How far below the level from which it was thrown is the rock 2 seconds later? A) 5 m B) 10 m C) 15 m D) 20 m Answer: B 109. Which of the following is not a vector quantity? A) velocity B) speed C) acceleration D) all are vector quantities E) none are vector quantities. Answer: B 110. An 80-km/h airplane flying in the same direction as a 10 km/h tailwind has a groundspeed of A) 10 km/h. B) 70 km/h. C) 80 km/h. D) 90 km/h. Answer: D 111. An 80-km/h airplane flying against a 10-km/h headwind has a groundspeed of A) 10 km/h. B) 70 km/h. C) 80 km/h. D) 90 km/h. Answer: B 112. An airplane that flies at 100 km/h in a 100-km/h crosswind has a ground speed of A) 0 km/h. B) 100 km/h. C) 141 km/h. D) 200 km/h. Answer: C 113. An 80-km/h airplane caught in a 60-km/h crosswind has a resultant speed of A) 60 km/h. B) 80 km/h. C) 100 km/h. D) 141 km/h. Answer: C 114. A bird flying at 8 km/h in a 6-km/h crosswind has a resultant speed of A) 6 km/h. B) 8 km/h. C) 10 km/h. D) 14 km/h. Answer: C 115. A seagull flying at 10 km/h in a 10-km/h crosswind has a resultant speed of A) 10 km/h. B) about 14 km/h. C) 20 km/h. D) more than 20 km/h. Answer: B 116. A humming bird flying at 4 km/h that gets caught in a 3-km/h crosswind has a resultant speed of about A) 3 km/h. B) 4 km/h. C) 5 km/h. D) more than 5 km/h. Answer: C 117. A motorboat that normally travels at 8 km/h in still water heads directly across a 6-km/h flowing river. The resulting speed of the boat is about A) 6 km/h. B) 8 km/h. C) 10 km/h. D) 20 km/h. Answer: C 118. A river 100 m wide flows due south at 1 m/s. A boat that travels 1 m/s relative to the water is pointed due east as it crosses from the west bank. The boat reaches the east bank A) due east of its starting point. B) 100 m farther south. C) 141 m farther south. D) none of the above Answer: B 119. A river 100 m wide flows 1 m/s due south. A boat that travels 1 m/s relative to the water is pointed due east as it crosses from the west bank. Relative to its starting point, the boat travels A) nowhere. B) 100 m. C) 141 m. D) 200 m. E) more than 200 m. Answer: C 120. Whenever the net force on an object is zero, its acceleration A) may be less than zero. B) is zero. C) may be more than zero. Answer: B 121. If an apple experiences a constant net force, it will have a constant A) velocity. B) speed. C) acceleration. D) position. E) more than one of the above Answer: C 122. If you double the net force on an object, you'll double its A) acceleration. B) speed. C) velocity. D) all the above Answer: B 123. If the net force on a cart is tripled, the cart's acceleration A) is one third. B) is two thirds. C) is three times as much. D) is more than three times as much. Answer: C 124. A mobile phone is pulled northward by a force of 10 N and at the same time pulled southward by another force of 15 N. The resultant force on the phone is A) 0 N. B) 5 N. C) 25 N. D) 150 N. Answer: B 125. The force of friction on a sliding object is 10 N. The applied force needed to maintain a constant velocity is A) more than 10 N. B) less than 10 N. C) 10 N. Answer: C 126. A 10-N falling object encounters 4 N of air resistance. The net force on the object is A) 0 N. B) 4 N. C) 6 N. D) 10 N. E) none of the above Answer: C 127. A 10-N falling object encounters 10 N of air resistance. The net force on the object is A) 0 N. B) 4 N. C) 6 N. D) 10 N. E) none of these Answer: A 128. A 300-kg bear grasping a vertical tree slides down at constant velocity. The friction force between the tree and the bear is A) 30 N. B) 300 N. C) 3000 N. D) more than 3000 N. Answer: C 129. The newton is a unit of A) force. B) mass. C) density. D) inertia. Answer: A 130. An object's weight is properly expressed in units of A) meters. B) kilograms. C) newtons. D) cubic centimeters. Answer: C 131. Which has the greater mass? A) a king-size pillow B) an automobile battery C) both the same Answer: B 132. The mass of a lamb that weights 110 N is about A) 1 kg. B) 11 kg. C) 110 kg. D) 1100 kg. E) none of the above Answer: B 133. Compared to the mass of an apple on Earth, the mass of the apple on the Moon is A) one sixth as much. B) the same. C) six times as much. D) zero. Answer: B 134. Your weight as measured on your bathroom scale is A) equal to your mass. B) the force due to gravity on you. C) a property of mechanical equilibrium. D) all of the above Answer: B 135. An object with twice as much mass as another object has twice as much A) inertia. B) speed. C) acceleration due to gravity. D) all of the above Answer: A 136. A heavy ball hangs by a string, with a second string attached to its bottom. A slow pull on the bottom string breaks the A) top string. B) bottom string. C) top or bottom string equally. Answer: A 137. A constant net force on a rail-road car produces constant A) velocity. B) acceleration. C) both of these D) neither of these Answer: B 138. If an object's mass is decreasing while a constant force is applied to the object, the acceleration A) decreases. B) increases. C) remains the same. Answer: B 139. If the mass of a cart is quickly loaded to have twice the mass while a propelling force remains constant, the cart's acceleration A) quadruples. B) doubles. C) stays the same. D) halves. E) none of these Answer: D 140. Which has zero acceleration? An object A) at rest. B) moving at constant velocity. C) in mechanical equilibrium. D) all of the above E) none of the above Answer: D 141. A car by itself is capable of a certain maximum acceleration. When it tows a car of the same mass, its maximum acceleration is A) one half. B) one third. C) one fourth. D) the same. E) none of these Answer: A 142. A car by itself is capable of a certain maximum acceleration. When it tows a twice-as-massive car, its maximum acceleration is A) one half. B) one third. C) one fourth. D) the same. E) none of these Answer: B  143. You drive your car at a constant 60 km/h along the highway. You apply the brakes until the car slows to 40 km/h. If at that moment you suddenly release the brakes, the car tends to A) momentarily regain its higher initial speed. B) continue moving at 40 km/h. C) decrease in speed if no other forces act. Answer: B 144. A heavy block at rest is suspended by a vertical rope. When the block accelerates upward by the rope, the rope tension A) is less than its weight. B) equals its weight. C) is greater than its weight. Answer: C 145. A car has a mass of 1000 kg and accelerates at 2 m/s2. What net force is exerted on the car? A) 500 N B) 1000 N C) 1500 N D) 2000 N E) none of these Answer: D 146. A tow truck exerts a force of 3000 N on a car, which then accelerates at 2 m/s2. What is the mass of the car? A) 500 kg B) 1000 kg C) 1500 kg D) 3000 kg E) none of these Answer: C 147. Nellie pulls on a 10-kg wagon with a constant horizontal force of 30 N. If there are no other horizontal forces, what is the wagon's acceleration? A) 0.3 m/s2 B) 3.0 m/s2 C) 10 m/s2 D) 30 m/s2 E) 300 m/s2 Answer: B 148. A force of 1 N accelerates 1-kg box at the rate of 1 m/s2. The acceleration of a 2-kg box by a net force of 2 N is A) half as much. B) twice as much. C) the same. D) none of the above Answer: C  149. The force required to maintain a constant velocity for an astronaut in free space is equal to A) zero. B) the mass of the astronaut. C) the weight of the astronaut. D) the force required to stop the astronaut. E) none of the above Answer: A 150. A boulder following a straight-line path at constant velocity has A) a net force acting upon it in the direction of motion. B) zero acceleration. C) no forces acting on it. D) none of the above Answer: B 151. Neglecting friction, a small and a large block of ice begin sliding down an incline together. The larger block reaches the bottom A) before the small block. B) after the small block. C) at the same time as the small block. Answer: C 152. When a constant and sustained upward force acts on a rocket, its acceleration increases mainly because A) gravity becomes weaker with increased distance. B) the mass of the rocket decreases as fuel is burned. C) No way, for acceleration would be constant. Answer: B 153. A rock is thrown vertically into the air. At the top of its path the net force on it is A) less than mg. B) mg. C) more than mg. Answer: B 154. A rock is thrown vertically into the air. At the top of its path, its acceleration is A) zero. B) 10 m/s2. C) between 0 and 10 m/s2. D) greater than 10 m/s2. Answer: B 155. A block is dragged without acceleration in a straight-line path across a level surface by a force of 6 N. What is the force of friction between the block and the surface? A) less than 6 N B) 6 N C) more than 6 N D) need more information Answer: B 156. Suppose a particle is being accelerated through space by a 10-N force. Suddenly the particle encounters a second force of 10 N in the opposite direction. The particle with both forces acting A) is brought to a rapid halt. B) decelerates gradually to a halt. C) continues at the speed it had when it encountered the second force. D) theoretically tends to accelerate toward the speed of light. E) none of the above Answer: C 157. A jumbo jet has a mass of 100,000 kg. The thrust for each of its four engines is 50,000 N. What is the jet's acceleration when taking off? A) 0.25 m/s2 B) 1 m/s2 C) 2 m/s2 D) 4 m/s2 E) none of the above Answer: C 158. If more horizontal force is applied to a sliding object than is needed to maintain a constant velocity, the object A) accelerates in the direction of the applied force. B) accelerates opposite the direction of the applied force. C) experiences greater friction. D) none of the above Answer: A 159. If less horizontal force is applied to a sliding object than is needed to maintain a constant velocity, the object A) accelerates in the direction of the applied force. B) experiences decreased friction. C) eventually slides to a stop. D) none of the above Answer: C 160. A 1-kg ball is thrown at 10 m/s straight upward. Neglecting air resistance, the net force that acts on the stone when it is halfway to the top of its path is about A) 1/2 N. B) 1 N. C) 5 N. D) 7.5 N. E) 10 N. Answer: E 161. The brakes of a speeding truck are slammed on and it skids to a stop. If the truck were heavily loaded so that it had twice the total mass, the skidding distance would be A) half as far. B) 1.5 times as far. C) twice as far. D) 4 times as far. E) the same. Answer: E  162. Scotty Skydiver of mass 100 kg experiences air resistance of 500 N, and an acceleration of about A) 0.2 g. B) 0.3 g. C) 0.4 g. D) 0.5 g. E) greater than 0.5 g. Answer: D 163. An object released from rest on another planet requires one second to fall a distance of 6 meters. What is the acceleration due to gravity on this planet? A) 3 m/s2 B) 6 m/s2 C) 12 m/s2 D) 15 m/s2 E) none of the above Answer: C 164. A car traveling at 22 m/s comes to an abrupt halt in 0.1 second when it hits a tree. What is the deceleration of the car? A) 110 m/s2 B) 220 m/s2 C) 800 m/s2 D) 880 m/s2 E) need more information Answer: B 165. A 10-kilogram block with an initial velocity of 10 m/s slides 10 meters across a horizontal surface and comes to rest. It takes the block 2 seconds to stop. The stopping force acting on the block is about A) 5 N. B) 10 N. C) 25 N. D) 50 N. E) none of the above Answer: D 166. A 10-kilogram block is pushed across a horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 20 N against a friction force of 10 N. The acceleration of the block is A) 1 m/s2. B) 2 m/s2. C) 5 m/s2. D) 10 m/s2. E) none of the above Answer: A 167. A 1000-kg automobile enters a freeway on-ramp at 20 m/s and accelerates uniformly up to 40 m/s in a time of 10 seconds. How far does the automobile travel during that time? A) 100 m B) 200 m C) 300 m D) 400 m E) none of the above Answer: C 168. A 2000-kg car experiences a braking force of 10,000 N and skids to a stop in 6 seconds. The speed of the car just before the brakes were applied was A) 1.2 m/s. B) 15 m/s. C) 30 m/s. D) 45 m/s. E) none of the above Answer: C 169. A 10-kg brick and a 1-kg apple are dropped in a vacuum. The force of gravity on the brick is A) the same as the force on the apple. B) 10 times more than the force on the apple. C) one-tenth as much as on the apple. D) zero. Answer: B 170. Recall Galileo's Leaning Tower experiment. With negligible air resistance, a heavy and a light object fall A) with equal accelerations. B) with the same increases in speed. C) to the ground in equal times. D) all of the above Answer: D 171. A feather and a coin will have equal accelerations when falling in a vacuum because A) their velocities are the same. B) the force of gravity is the same for each in a vacuum. C) the force of gravity does not act in a vacuum. D) the ratio of both the feather's and coin's weight to mass is the same. E) none of the above Answer: D 172. A bowling ball and a baseball accelerate equally when falling in a vacuum because A) their velocities are the same. B) the ratio of their weights to mass is the same. C) the force of gravity is the same for each in a vacuum. D) the force of gravity does not act in a vacuum. E) none of the above Answer: B 173. An astronaut on another planet drops a 1-kg rock from rest. The astronaut notices that the rock falls 2 meters straight down in one second. On this planet, how much does the rock weigh? A) 1 N B) 4 N C) 5 N D) 10 N Answer: B 174. When a falling object has reached its terminal velocity, its acceleration is A) zero. B) g. C) constant. Answer: A 175. Two objects of the same size, but unequal weights are dropped from a tall tower. Taking air resistance into consideration, the object to hit the ground first will be the A) lighter object. B) heavier object. C) Both hit at the same time. D) not enough information Answer: B 176. A light woman and a heavy man jump from an airplane at the same time and open their same- size parachutes at the same time. Which person will get to the ground first? A) The light woman B) The heavy man C) Both should arrive at the same time. D) not enough information Answer: B 177. A large and a small person wish to parachute at equal terminal velocities. The larger person should A) get a larger parachute. B) jump lightly. C) pull upward on the supporting strands to decrease the downward net force. D) jump first from the plane. Answer: A 178. A coconut and a bird's feather fall from a tree through the air to the ground below. The force of air resistance is A) greater on the coconut. B) greater on the feather. C) the same on each. Answer: A 179. Suzie Skydiver jumps from a high-flying plane. As her velocity of fall increases, her acceleration A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains unchanged regardless of air resistance. Answer: B 180. A skydiver steps from a helicopter and falls for a few seconds until terminal velocity is reached. Thereafter, until he opens his parachute, his acceleration A) is constant. B) increases. C) decreases. D) is zero. E) none of the above Answer: D 181. A 500-N parachutist opens his chute and experiences an air resistance force of 800 N. The net force on the parachutist is then A) 300 N downward. B) 500 N downward. C) 800 N downward. D) 300 N upward. E) 500 N upward. Answer: D 182. A ball thrown straight upward takes 10 seconds for its up-and-down round trip. Because of air resistance, the time taken for the ball just to go up is A) less than 5 s. B) 5 s. C) more than 5 s. Answer: A 183. A skydiver's terminal velocity will be greatest if she falls A) head first. B) lying flat on her back. C) lying flat on her stomach. D) with her parachute open. Answer: A 184. You cannot exert a force on a wall A) if the wall resists. B) unless you put your mind to it. C) unless the wall simultaneously exerts the same amount of force on you. Answer: C 185. When you rub your hands together, you A) can push harder on one hand than the other. B) cannot push harder on one hand than the other. C) need more information Answer: B 186. When you drop a rubber ball on the floor it bounces back. The force exerted on the ball to produce bouncing is by the A) ball. B) floor. C) need more information Answer: B  187. When a boxer hits a punching bag, the strength of his punch depends on how much force the bag can A) endure. B) exert on the boxer's fist. C) soften. Answer: B 188. One end of a rope is pulled with 100 N, while the opposite end also is pulled with 100 N. The tension in the rope is A) 0 N. B) 50 N. C) 100 N. D) 200 N. Answer: C 189. A piece of rope is pulled by two people in a tug-of-war. Each exerts a 400-N force. What is the tension in the rope? A) zero B) 400 N C) 600 N D) 800 N E) none of the above Answer: B 190. The winner in a tug-of-war exerts the greatest force on A) the opponent. B) his or her end of the rope. C) the ground. Answer: C 191. Arnold Strongman and Suzie Small each pull very hard on opposite ends of a rope in a tug-of- war. The greater force on the rope is exerted by A) Arnold, of course. B) Suzie, surprisingly. C) both the same, interestingly. Answer: C 192. When a skateboarder pushes on a wall, A) an interaction occurs between the skateboarder and the wall. B) the wall pushes on the skateboarder. C) such a push couldn't happen unless the wall pushed on the skateboarder. D) all the above E) none of the above Answer: D 193. A pair of action-reaction forces always A) act on the same object. B) occur simultaneously. C) comprise a pair of interactions. D) all of the above E) none of the above Answer: B  194. When you walk, you push on the floor to the left and the floor A) also pushes on you to the left. B) pushes you to the right. C) both of these simultaneously. D) can only wish it could push on you. E) none of the above Answer: B 195. Harry pulls on the end of a spring attached to a wall. The reaction to Harry's pull on the spring is A) the wall pulling oppositely on the spring. B) the spring pulling on Harry. C) both the wall and the spring pulling on Harry. D) none of the above Answer: B 196. For every action force, there must be a reaction force that A) acts in the same direction. B) is slightly smaller in magnitude than the action force. C) is slightly larger in magnitude than the action force. D) is equal in magnitude. Answer: D 197. An archer shoots an arrow. Consider the action force to be the bowstring against the arrow. The reaction to this force is the A) combined weight of the arrow and bowstring. B) friction of the ground against the archer's feet. C) grip of the archer's hand on the bow. D) arrow's push against the bowstring. Answer: D 198. When a karate chop breaks a board with a 3000-N blow, the amount of force that acts on the hand is A) zero. B) 1500 N. C) 3000 N. D) 6000 N. Answer: C 199. The lift experienced by a helicopter involves an action-reaction pair of forces between the A) helicopter blades and the air. B) mass of the helicopter and Earth's mass. C) weight of the helicopter and atmospheric pressure. D) motion of the helicopter relative to the ground below. E) any or all of the above Answer: A 200. A player hits a ball with a bat. If action is the force of the bat against the ball, reaction is the A) air resistance on the ball. B) weight of the ball. C) force that the ball exerts on the bat. D) grip of the player's hand against the ball. E) weight of the bat. Answer: C 201. When a baseball player bats a ball with a force of 1000 N, the reaction force that the ball exerts against the bat is A) less than 1000 N. B) more than 1000 N. C) 1000 N. D) need more information Answer: C 202. Which has the greater momentum when moving? A) a container ship B) a bullet C) either of these depending on speed Answer: C 203. A freight train rolls along a track with considerable momentum. If it rolls at the same speed but has twice as much mass, its momentum is A) zero. B) twice. C) four times as much. D) unchanged. Answer: B 204. A same-size iron ball and wooden ball are dropped simultaneously from a tower and reach the ground at the same time. The iron ball has a greater A) speed. B) acceleration. C) momentum. D) all of the above E) none of the above Answer: C 205. The speed of a 4-kg ball with a momentum of 12 kg m/s is A) 3 m/s. B) 4 m/s. C) 12 m/s. D) 48 m/s. E) none of the above Answer: A 206. The mass of a ball moving at 3 m/s with a momentum of 48 kg m/s is A) 4 kg. B) 12 kg. C) 16 kg. D) 144 kg. E) none of these Answer: C 207. The total momentum of a flock of identical birds could be zero only if the birds are A) taking off from the ground. B) flying in the same direction. C) flying in different directions. D) very tired and coming down to rest.  Answer: C 208. It is correct to say that impulse is equal to A) momentum. B) a corresponding change in momentum. C) force multiplied by the distance it acts. D) velocity multiplied by time. Answer: B 209. A car traveling along the highway brakes to a stop over a certain distance. More braking force is required if the car has A) more mass. B) more momentum. C) less stopping distance. D) all of the above E) none of the above Answer: D 210. Compared with falling on a stone floor, a wine glass may not break when it falls on a carpeted floor because the A) carpeted floor provides a smaller impulse. B) stopping time is shorter on the carpet. C) stopping time is longer on the carpet. D) carpet provides a smaller impulse and a longer time. Answer: C 211. When you jump from an elevated position you usually bend your knees upon reaching the ground, which makes the time of the contact about 10 times that of a stiff-legged landing. In this way the average force your body experiences is A) less than 1/10 as great. B) more than 1/10 as great. C) about 1/10 as great. D) about 10 times as great. Answer: C 212. A karate expert executes a swift blow and breaks a cement block with her bare hand. The magnitude of the force on her hand is A) zero. B) less than the force applied to the cement block. C) the same as the force applied to the block. D) more than the force applied to the block. E) need more information Answer: C 213. Whether a truck comes to a stop by crashing into a haystack or a brick wall, the stopping force is A) greater with the haystack. B) greater with the brick wall. C) both the same Answer: B 214. Whether a truck comes to a stop by crashing into a haystack or a brick wall, the impulse is A) greater with the haystack. B) greater with the brick wall. C) both the same  Answer: C 215. When a boxer moves into an oncoming punch, the force experienced is A) decreased. B) increased. C) no different, but the timing is different. D) all of the above Answer: B 216. A cannon recoils while firing a cannonball. The speed of the cannon's recoil is relatively small because the A) force against the cannon is smaller than against the ball. B) momentum is mainly concentrated in the cannonball. C) cannon has much more mass than the cannonball. D) momentum of the cannon is smaller. Answer: C 217. The force that accelerates a rocket in outer space is exerted on the rocket by the A) rocket's nose cone. B) rocket's wings. C) atmospheric pressure. D) exhaust gases. E) none of the above Answer: D