Chemistry in Everyday Lives - Biomolecules and Chemical Reactions PDF

Chemistry in Everyday Lives Prepared by: Ms. Joanalyn D. Basilides Uses of Chemistry in Everyday Lives Medical Implants or Prostheses Sports Equipment Electronic Devices Construction Supplies for Buildings and Furniture Household Gadgets Medical Implants or Prostheses...

Chemistry in Everyday Lives Prepared by: Ms. Joanalyn D. Basilides Uses of Chemistry in Everyday Lives Medical Implants or Prostheses Sports Equipment Electronic Devices Construction Supplies for Buildings and Furniture Household Gadgets Medical Implants or Prostheses Production of prosthesis that is Uses Titanium to be melted on the unique to one patient. surface of the cast under vacuum Also involve titanium and zirconium and high temperature electron beam deposition to create a surface that is exposure porous and fibrous Electron Beam Melting Computer Numerically (EBM) Controlled Procedures (CNC)  Sports Equipment To increase sports efficiency and 01 effectiveness of athletes 06 02 regardless of the sports they are playing 05 03 04  Electronic Devices copper metal widely used in electrical wirings and electrical devices because they are good conductors of electricity Added resistance for the LED technology that we enjoy nowadays  Construction Supplies for Buildings and Furniture 01 03 For greener future Excessive use of 02 synthetic- based construction supplies 04 Household Gadgets Made possible by materials science and engineering to cater the changing needs of people. Auto-cleaning which minimizes the human contact to bacteria How Chemistry helps in Everyday Lives Bio-based construction materials Helmets Root Canal Treatment  Module 7: Biomolecules Prepared by: Ms. Joanalyn D. Basilides  Biomolecules chemical molecules that play an important role in a living system Have 4 kinds ○ Protein ○ Lipids ○ Carbohydrates- the big molecules of carbohydrates that cannot be absorbed by the body a.is broken down into their simplest form ○ Nucleic Acid- DNA/ RNA  Carbohydrates Polysaccharides- Glucose- provides a complex example of significant carbohydrates that is Monosaccharides amount of made up of C6H12O6 energy to most monosaccharide organisms subunits  Lipids Soluble in water at elevated temperatures Are the storage of energy and building material for cell membrane  Polynucleotides 01 Chains of nucleotides; associated with DNA and RNA 02 Role is to store and transfer information 03 Structurally composed of heterocyclic base, a pentose and phosphate group  Protein Functions are: Structural support, Muscle movement and Transport and defense 01 Contains Amino Acids which are the building blocks of proteins 02 03 Have 4 kinds of structure: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary Structure  3 STRUCTURES OF PROTEIN 01 PRIMARY STRUCTURE Composed of linear amino acid sequence 02 SECONDARY STRUCTURE Proteins that are rigid and intricately coiled the 3D presentation of the molecules. It also shows the complexity of the whole 03 TERTIARY STRUCTURE protein chain showing different folding and interactions among the amino acids. contains several polypeptide chains, that 04 QUATERNARY forms macromolecules with multiple subunits STRUCTURE such as hemoglobin  Module 8: Chemical Reactions Prepared by: Ms. Joanalyn D. Basilides  Chemical Reactions Analytical chemistry Two Types of Chemical Reaction Physical Change Chemical Change Change in the physical properties of a Change that alters the composition substance without altering its and internal structure of the composition and internal structure substance Example: cutting of loaf bread Example: Photosynthesis  When temperature is decreased, it will cause the particles to move slowly, and when it is increased, it will cause the particles to move faster. ACTIVATION ENERGY- the minimum required energy needed for particles for chemical reactions to occur Laws observed in Chemical Change 1. Law of Conservation of Matter 2. Law of Conservation of Energy  Kinetic Molecular Theory theory indicates that the temperature of a substance is directly proportional to the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules. If two substances have the same polarity, They are soluble with one another Types of Chemical Reaction Based on Movement of Heat Endothermic Exothermic Reaction Reaction System must absorb energy System must release energy from its surroundings for the to the surroundings to attain reaction to proceed stability of its product Examples Example ○ Melting ice cubes ○ Making ice cubes because the material is ○ A candle flame losing heat to the ○ Rusting Iron surroundings ○ Evaporation of water ○ Cooking an egg  COLLISION THEORY states that for a chemical reaction to occur, the reacting particles must collide with one another. The particles should have enough space from each other for the collision to occur Thank you!