Penal Code (2022 Revision) PDF

CAYMAN ISLANDS PENAL CODE (2022 Revision) Supplement No. 6 published with Legislation Gazette No. 6 of 27th January, 2022. PUBLISHING DETAILS Law 12 of 1975 consolidated with Laws 17 of 1978, 19 of 1979, 16 of 1981, 27 of 1983, 3 of 1984, 18 of 1985, 7 of 1986, 8 of 1987, 26 of 1987, 5 of 1988, 13 of 1989, 2 of 1991, 8 of 1995 (part), 18 of 1997 (part), 15 of 1998, 16 of 2000, 16 of 2001, 16 of 2004, 23 of 2005, 10 of 2006, 25 of 2006 (part), 11 of 2008-(part), 13 of 2010, 34 of 2011, 21 of 2012, 38 of 2016, 32 of 2017, 47 of 2017, 24 of 2018, 27 of 2018, 42 of 2020, 56 of 2020, 63 of 2020 and with the Caribbean Territories (Abolition of Death Penalty for Murder) Order 1991 [UKSI 1991/988] and the Cayman Islands (Amendment) Constitution Order [UKSI 2020/1283]. Revised under the authority of the Law Revision Act (2020 Revision). Originally enacted — Law 12 of 1975-3rd September, 1975 Law 17 of 1978-8th September, 1978 Law 19 of 1979-11th June, 1979 Law 16 of 1981-27th August, 1981 Law 27 of 1983-22nd November, 1983 Law 3 of 1984-28th February, 1984 Law 18 of 1985-29th May, 1985 Law 7 of 1986-21st May, 1986 Law 8 of 1987-29th April, 1987 Law 26 of 1987-17th November, 1987 Law 5 of 1988-20th April, 1988 Law 13 of 1989-5th September, 1989 Law 2 of 1991-20th February, 1991 Law 8 of 1995-13th September, 1995 Law 18 of 1997-3rd September, 1997 Law 15 of 1998-9th October, 1998 Law 16 of 2000-18th September, 2000 Law 16 of 2001-4th July, 2001 Law 16 of 2004-26th July, 2004 Law 23 of 2005-14th October 2005 Law 10 of 2006-1st June, 2006 Law 25 of 2006 (part)-14th September, 2006 Law 11 0f 2008 (part)-30th June, 2008 Law 13 of 2010-24th March, 2010 Page 2 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2020 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Publication Details Continued Law 34 of 2011-5th December, 2011 Law 21 of 2012-31st August, 2012 Law 38 of 2016-24th October, 2016 Law 32 of 2017-27th March, 2017 Law 47 of 2017-16th November, 2017 Law 24 of 2018-12th September, 2018 Law 27 of 2018-16th November, 2018 Law 42 of 2020-4th September, 2020 Act 56 of 2020-7th December, 2020 Act 63 of 2020-16th December, 2020. Consolidated and revised this 31st day of December, 2021. Note (not forming part of the Law): This revision replaces the 2019 Revision which should now be discarded. c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2020 Page 3 Penal Code (2022 Revision) Arrangement of Sections CAYMAN ISLANDS PENAL CODE (2022 Revision) Arrangement of Sections Section Page PART I - Preliminary 1. Short title.................................................................................................................................... 15 2. Saving of certain laws................................................................................................................. 15 3. Definitions................................................................................................................................... 15 4. Offence committed partly within and partly beyond the jurisdiction............................................ 17 5. Ignorance of the law................................................................................................................... 17 6. Bona fide claim of right............................................................................................................... 18 7. Intention: motive......................................................................................................................... 18 8. Mistake of fact............................................................................................................................ 18 9. Presumption of sanity................................................................................................................. 18 10. Insanity....................................................................................................................................... 18 11. Intoxication................................................................................................................................. 18 12. Immature age............................................................................................................................. 19 13. Compulsion................................................................................................................................. 19 14. Defence of person or property.................................................................................................... 19 15. Use of force in effecting arrest.................................................................................................... 20 16. Compulsion by spouse............................................................................................................... 20 17. Person not to be punished twice for the same offence............................................................... 20 18. Principal offenders...................................................................................................................... 20 19. Offences committed by joint offenders in prosecution of a common purpose............................ 21 20. Counselling another to commit an offence................................................................................. 21 c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 5 Arrangement of Sections Penal Code (2022 Revision) PART II - Punishments 21. Different kinds of punishments................................................................................................... 21 22. Imprisonment............................................................................................................................. 22 23. Life imprisonment for second offence........................................................................................ 22 24. Power of court to deal with suspended sentence...................................................................... 23 25. Court by which suspended sentence may be dealt with............................................................ 23 26. Procedure where suspended sentence not dealt with............................................................... 24 27. Partly suspended sentence........................................................................................................ 24 28. Fines.......................................................................................................................................... 26 29. Enforcement by distress warrant of fines, etc............................................................................ 26 30. Imprisonment in lieu of payment of costs, compensation, or fines, etc...................................... 27 31. Forfeiture.................................................................................................................................... 28 32. Suspension or forfeiture of right to carry on business................................................................ 28 33. Compensation............................................................................................................................ 28 34. Costs.......................................................................................................................................... 29 35. Security for keeping the peace.................................................................................................. 29 36. Security for coming up for judgment.......................................................................................... 29 37. Forfeiture of recognisance......................................................................................................... 29 38. General punishment for offences............................................................................................... 30 39. Sentence cumulative unless otherwise ordered........................................................................ 30 40. Escaped convicts to serve unexpired sentences when recaptured........................................... 30 41. Discharge of offender without punishment................................................................................. 30 42. Community service orders......................................................................................................... 31 43. Obligations of persons subject to community service order....................................................... 32 44. Breach of community service order........................................................................................... 32 45. Amendment of community service order................................................................................... 33 45A. Sexual harm prevention order.................................................................................................... 33 45B. Interim sexual harm prevention order........................................................................................ 33 45C. Breach of sexual harm prevention order or interim sexual harm prevention order an offence....................................................................................................................................... 34 45D. Amendment of sexual harm prevention order or interim sexual harm prevention order............ 35 45E. Meaning of sexual harm............................................................................................................. 35 45F. Rules of Court............................................................................................................................ 35 45G. Order applicable to prior acts etc............................................................................................... 35 PART III - Offences Against Public Order 46. Treason by the law of England.................................................................................................. 35 47. Instigating treason...................................................................................................................... 36 48. Concealment of treason............................................................................................................. 36 49. Treasonable offences................................................................................................................ 36 50. Limitations, etc........................................................................................................................... 36 51. Definition of overt act................................................................................................................. 37 52. Definitions.................................................................................................................................. 37 53. Power to prohibit importation of publications............................................................................. 37 54. Offences in relation to publications, the importation of which is prohibited................................ 38 55. Delivery of prohibited publication to a constable........................................................................ 38 56. Power to examine...................................................................................................................... 38 57. Seditious intention...................................................................................................................... 39 Page 6 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Arrangement of Sections 58. Seditious offences...................................................................................................................... 39 59. Legal proceedings...................................................................................................................... 41 60. Evidence..................................................................................................................................... 41 61. Unlawful oaths to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life................................. 41 62. Other unlawful oaths to commit offences................................................................................... 42 63. Unlawful drilling.......................................................................................................................... 42 64. Publication of false statement, etc., likely to cause fear and alarm to the public....................... 43 65. Defamation of foreign princes, etc.............................................................................................. 43 66. Foreign enlistment...................................................................................................................... 43 67. Piracy.......................................................................................................................................... 43 68. Definitions of unlawful assembly and riot................................................................................... 44 69. Punishment for unlawful assembly............................................................................................. 44 70. Punishment for riot..................................................................................................................... 44 71. Making proclamation for rioters to disperse................................................................................ 44 72. Dispersion of rioters after proclamation made............................................................................ 44 73. Rioting after proclamation........................................................................................................... 45 74. Preventing or obstructing the making of a proclamation............................................................ 45 75. Rioters demolishing buildings, etc.............................................................................................. 45 76. Riotously preventing the sailing of a ship or take off of an aircraft............................................. 45 77. Vandalising the flag of the Islands.............................................................................................. 45 78. Definition of prohibited, offensive and restricted weapons......................................................... 45 79. Restriction on importation, etc., of prohibited weapons.............................................................. 46 80. Restriction on carrying offensive weapons................................................................................. 46 81. Restriction on carrying restricted weapons by night................................................................... 47 82. Power of search.......................................................................................................................... 47 83. Forfeiture, etc............................................................................................................................. 47 84. Forcible entry.............................................................................................................................. 48 85. Forcible detainer......................................................................................................................... 48 86. Affray.......................................................................................................................................... 48 87. Challenge to fight a duel............................................................................................................. 49 88. Causing fear, or provocation of violence.................................................................................... 49 88A. Intentional harassment, alarm or distress................................................................................... 49 88B. Harassment, alarm or distress.................................................................................................... 50 88C. Threat to kill................................................................................................................................ 50 89. Assembling for the purpose of smuggling.................................................................................. 50 PART IV - Offences Against the Administration of Lawful Authority 90. Repealed.................................................................................................................................... 51 97. Unauthorised administration of oaths......................................................................................... 51 98. False assumption of authority..................................................................................................... 51 99. Personating public officers......................................................................................................... 51 100. Threat of injury to persons employed in the public service........................................................ 51 101. Perjury and subornation of perjury............................................................................................. 52 102. Evidence on charge of perjury.................................................................................................... 52 103. Fabricating evidence.................................................................................................................. 52 104. False swearing........................................................................................................................... 52 105. Deceiving witnesses................................................................................................................... 53 c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 7 Arrangement of Sections Penal Code (2022 Revision) 106. Destroying evidence.................................................................................................................. 53 107. Conspiracy to defeat justice and interference with witnesses.................................................... 53 108. Compounding of offences.......................................................................................................... 53 109. Compounding penal actions...................................................................................................... 53 110. Advertisements for stolen property............................................................................................ 54 111. Offences relating to judicial proceedings................................................................................... 54 112. Rescue....................................................................................................................................... 55 113. Escape....................................................................................................................................... 55 114. Permitting prisoner to escape.................................................................................................... 55 115. Aiding prisoner to escape.......................................................................................................... 55 116. Removal, etc., of property under lawful seizure......................................................................... 56 117. Obstructing court officers........................................................................................................... 56 118. Frauds and breaches of trust by public officers......................................................................... 56 119. Neglect of official duty................................................................................................................ 56 120. False information to public officer.............................................................................................. 56 121. Disobedience of lawful duty....................................................................................................... 56 PART V - Offences Injurious to the Public in General A - Offences Relating to Religion 57 122. Insult to religion of any class...................................................................................................... 57 123. Disturbing religious assemblies................................................................................................. 57 124. Trespassing, etc., on burial places............................................................................................ 57 125. Writing or uttering words, etc., with intent to wound religious feelings...................................... 57 126. Hindering burial of dead body, etc............................................................................................. 57 B - Offences against Morality 58 127. Rape.......................................................................................................................................... 58 128. Punishment of rape.................................................................................................................... 59 129. Attempted rape.......................................................................................................................... 59 130. Taking away a person against their will for purpose of marriage or carnal knowledge............. 59 131. Taking a person under sixteen from lawful care........................................................................ 59 132. Indecent assaults....................................................................................................................... 59 132A. Assault by penetration............................................................................................................... 59 133. Insulting the modesty of a woman............................................................................................. 60 134. Defilement of girls under sixteen years of age, etc.................................................................... 60 134A. Gross indecency........................................................................................................................ 60 135. Sexual assault of a mentally impaired person........................................................................... 60 136. Procuration................................................................................................................................. 61 137. Administering drugs, etc., to a person....................................................................................... 61 138. Detention in a brothel, etc.......................................................................................................... 61 139. Person living on earnings of prostitution or persistently soliciting.............................................. 61 140. Brothels...................................................................................................................................... 62 141. Attempts to procure abortion...................................................................................................... 62 142. Attempt by woman with child to procure abortion...................................................................... 62 143. Supplying drugs or instruments to procure abortion.................................................................. 62 144. Unnatural offences..................................................................................................................... 63 145. Indecent assault on a male person............................................................................................ 63 146. Incest......................................................................................................................................... 63 147. Incest by person permitting the act............................................................................................ 64 Page 8 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Arrangement of Sections 148. Test of relationship..................................................................................................................... 64 C - Offences Relating to Marriage and Domestic Relations 64 149. Fraudulent pretence of marriage................................................................................................ 64 150. Bigamy........................................................................................................................................ 64 151. Fraudulent marriage or civil partnership ceremony.................................................................... 65 152. Neglecting children..................................................................................................................... 65 153. Child stealing.............................................................................................................................. 65 D - Nuisances and Offences against Health 65 154. Common nuisance...................................................................................................................... 65 155. Stalking....................................................................................................................................... 65 156. Chain letters............................................................................................................................... 67 157. Obscene publications................................................................................................................. 67 158. Idle and disorderly persons........................................................................................................ 68 159. Rogues and vagabonds.............................................................................................................. 69 160. Proof of intent............................................................................................................................. 70 161. Exception of charitable collections in places of religious worship.............................................. 70 162. Accounting for subscription........................................................................................................ 70 163. Street trading.............................................................................................................................. 70 164. Disorderly conduct...................................................................................................................... 71 165. Drunk and disorderly persons..................................................................................................... 71 166. Unauthorised wearing of uniform................................................................................................ 72 167. Negligent act likely to spread disease........................................................................................ 72 168. Adulteration of food or drink, etc., intended for sale................................................................... 72 169. Pollution, etc............................................................................................................................... 72 170. Obeah......................................................................................................................................... 73 E - Defamation 74 171. Definition of libel......................................................................................................................... 74 172. Definition of defamatory matter.................................................................................................. 74 173. Definition of publication.............................................................................................................. 74 174. Definition of unlawful publication................................................................................................ 75 175. Cases in which publication of defamatory matter is absolutely privileged.................................. 75 176. Cases in which publication of defamatory matter is conditionally privileged.............................. 75 177. Explanation as to good faith....................................................................................................... 77 178. Presumption as to good faith...................................................................................................... 77 179. Libels to extort money................................................................................................................ 77 PART VI - Offences Against the Person 180. Manslaughter.............................................................................................................................. 77 181. Murder........................................................................................................................................ 77 182. Punishment of murder................................................................................................................ 78 183. Punishment of manslaughter...................................................................................................... 78 184. Malice aforethought.................................................................................................................... 78 185. Persons suffering from diminished responsibility....................................................................... 78 186. Provocation................................................................................................................................. 79 186A. Suicide to cease to be a crime................................................................................................... 79 186B. Criminal liability for complicity in a person’s suicide................................................................... 79 187. Suicide pacts.............................................................................................................................. 80 188. Causing death defined................................................................................................................ 80 c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 9 Arrangement of Sections Penal Code (2022 Revision) 189. Persons capable of being killed................................................................................................. 81 190. Abolition of the year and a day rule........................................................................................... 81 190A. Restriction on institution of proceedings for a fatal offence....................................................... 81 191. Responsibility of person who has charge of another................................................................. 81 192. Duty of head of family................................................................................................................ 82 193. Duty of persons in charge of dangerous things......................................................................... 82 194. Attempts to murder.................................................................................................................... 82 195. Accessory after the fact to murder............................................................................................. 82 196. Written threats to murder........................................................................................................... 82 197. Conspiracy to murder................................................................................................................. 82 198. Infanticide................................................................................................................................... 83 199. Killing an unborn child................................................................................................................ 83 200. Concealing the birth of children................................................................................................. 83 201. Disabling etc., to facilitate an offence or to assist an offender................................................... 83 202. Preventing escape from wreck................................................................................................... 84 203. Wounding or causing grievous bodily harm............................................................................... 84 204. Wounding or causing grievous bodily harm............................................................................... 84 205. Attempting to injure by explosive substances............................................................................ 84 206. Bomb hoax................................................................................................................................. 84 207. Maliciously administering poison............................................................................................... 85 208. Unlawful use of firearms............................................................................................................ 85 209. Excess of force.......................................................................................................................... 85 210. Reckless and negligent acts...................................................................................................... 85 211. Other negligent acts causing harm............................................................................................ 86 212. Dealing with poisonous substances in a negligent manner....................................................... 86 213. Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy........................................................................................ 86 214. Conveying person for hire in any unsafe or overloaded conveyance........................................ 86 215. Common assault........................................................................................................................ 86 216. Assault causing actual bodily harm............................................................................................ 86 217. Assault on person protecting wreck........................................................................................... 87 218. Definition of kidnapping.............................................................................................................. 87 219. Definition of abduction............................................................................................................... 87 220. Punishment for kidnapping and abduction................................................................................. 87 221. Keeping in confinement a kidnapped or abducted person......................................................... 87 222. Wrongful confinement................................................................................................................ 87 223. Unlawful compulsory labour....................................................................................................... 87 PART VII - Offences Relating to Children 224. Definitions.................................................................................................................................. 88 225. Cruelty to children...................................................................................................................... 89 226. Provisions supplementary to section 225.................................................................................. 90 227. Children not to be used for begging........................................................................................... 92 228. Restrictions on employment of children..................................................................................... 92 228A. Indecent photographs of children............................................................................................... 93 228B. Child pornography...................................................................................................................... 94 228C. Child pornography stored on a computer system...................................................................... 95 228D. Destruction of child pornographic material................................................................................. 95 228E. Sexual communication with a child............................................................................................ 96 Page 10 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Arrangement of Sections 228F. Arranging to meet a child following sexual communication........................................................ 96 228G. Meeting a child following sexual communication................................................................. 97 228H. Procuration of a child for a sexual activity.................................................................................. 97 228I. Causing a child to watch a sexual activity.................................................................................. 97 228J. Engaging in sexual activity in the presence of a child................................................................ 98 228K. Inviting a child to participate in a sexual activity......................................................................... 98 228L. Abuse of position of trust............................................................................................................ 98 PART VIII - Anti-Gang Provisions 229. Definitions of “gang, etc.”............................................................................................................ 99 230. Possession of bullet-proof vest or firearm in association with gang......................................... 100 231. Gang membership.................................................................................................................... 100 232. Participation in criminal activity in association with gang......................................................... 100 232A.Dispersal of groups; removal of persons under seventeen to their place of residence............ 101 232B. Authorisations under section 232A: supplemental provisions.................................................. 102 232C Powers under section 232A: supplemental provisions............................................................. 103 232D Power to deal with items obscuring or concealing identity....................................................... 103 233. Prohibition on gang member’s eligibility for release on licence................................................ 104 PART IX - Offences Relating to Property 234. Definitions................................................................................................................................. 104 235. Basic definition of theft............................................................................................................. 104 236. Dishonesty................................................................................................................................ 105 237. Appropriates............................................................................................................................. 105 238. Property incapable of being stolen........................................................................................... 105 239. Property belonging to others.................................................................................................... 106 240. With the intention of permanently depriving the other of it....................................................... 107 241. Theft......................................................................................................................................... 107 242. Robbery.................................................................................................................................... 107 243. Burglary.................................................................................................................................... 107 244. Aggravated burglary................................................................................................................. 108 245. Abstracting electricity................................................................................................................ 108 246. Taking conveyance without authority....................................................................................... 108 247. Obtaining property by deception............................................................................................... 109 274A Intent to defraud the Government............................................................................................. 109 248. Obtaining pecuniary advantage by deception.......................................................................... 110 249. Evasion of liability by deception, etc......................................................................................... 110 250. Obtaining services by deception............................................................................................... 111 251. Obtaining a money transfer by deception................................................................................. 111 252. Interpretation of section 251..................................................................................................... 112 253. Dishonestly retaining a wrongful credit..................................................................................... 112 254. Making off................................................................................................................................. 113 255. False accounting...................................................................................................................... 113 256. Liability of company officers for certain offences by company................................................. 114 257. False statements by company directors, etc............................................................................ 114 258. Suppression of documents, etc................................................................................................ 114 259. Blackmail.................................................................................................................................. 115 c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 11 Arrangement of Sections Penal Code (2022 Revision) 260. Handling stolen goods............................................................................................................. 115 261. Going equipped for stealing, etc.............................................................................................. 115 262. Search for stolen goods........................................................................................................... 116 263. Evidence and procedure on charge of theft or handling stolen goods..................................... 116 264. Repealed.................................................................................................................................. 117 265. Husband, wife or civil partner................................................................................................... 117 266. Effect on civil proceedings and rights...................................................................................... 118 PART X - Malicious Injuries to Property 267. Destroying or damaging property............................................................................................. 119 268. Threats to destroy or damage property.................................................................................... 119 269. Attempts to destroy or damage property.................................................................................. 119 270. Setting fire to crops, etc........................................................................................................... 120 271. Attempts to set fire to crops, etc.............................................................................................. 120 272. Casting away ships, etc........................................................................................................... 120 273. Attempts to cast away ships, etc.............................................................................................. 120 274. Killing or injuring animals......................................................................................................... 121 275. Attempts to destroy property by explosives............................................................................. 121 276. Communicating infectious diseases to animals....................................................................... 121 277. Criminal trespass..................................................................................................................... 121 278. Aggravated trespass................................................................................................................ 121 279. Doing damage to or on unenclosed land................................................................................. 122 PART XI - Forgery, Coining and Counterfeiting 280. Definition of forgery.................................................................................................................. 122 281. Document................................................................................................................................. 122 282. Making a false document......................................................................................................... 122 283. Intent to defraud....................................................................................................................... 123 283A Possession, etc. of articles for use to defraud......................................................................... 123 283B Making or supplying articles for use to defraud........................................................................ 123 283C Meaning of article..................................................................................................................... 123 284. Definition of currency note....................................................................................................... 123 285. General punishment for forgery............................................................................................... 123 286. Forgery of will or document of title, etc.................................................................................... 123 287. Forgery of judicial or official document.................................................................................... 124 288. Forgery, etc. of stamps............................................................................................................ 124 289. Uttering false document........................................................................................................... 124 290. Procuring execution of documents by false pretences............................................................ 125 291. Uttering cancelled or exhausted document.............................................................................. 125 292. Obliterating crossing on cheque.............................................................................................. 125 293. Making documents without authority........................................................................................ 125 294. Demanding property upon forged testamentary instruments................................................... 125 295. Importing or purchasing forged notes...................................................................................... 126 296. Falsifying warrants or money payable under public authority.................................................. 126 297. Falsification of register............................................................................................................. 126 298. Sending false certificate of marriage to registrar or civil partnership....................................... 126 299. False statements for registers of births, marriages and deaths or register of civil partnerships............................................................................................................................. 126 Page 12 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Arrangement of Sections 300. Definition of coin, etc................................................................................................................ 126 301. Counterfeiting coin.................................................................................................................... 127 302. Preparations for coining............................................................................................................ 127 303. Making or having in possession paper or implements of forgery............................................. 128 304. Impairing, etc., current coin...................................................................................................... 128 305. Melting down of currency.......................................................................................................... 128 306. Impounding and destruction of counterfeit coin........................................................................ 129 307. Possession of clippings............................................................................................................ 129 308. Uttering counterfeit coin............................................................................................................ 129 309. Repeated uttering..................................................................................................................... 129 310. Uttering metal or coin not current as coin................................................................................. 129 311. Selling articles bearing designs in imitation of currency........................................................... 130 312. Exporting counterfeit coin......................................................................................................... 130 313. Forfeiture.................................................................................................................................. 130 314. Possession of die used for purpose of making stamps............................................................ 130 315. Paper and dies for postage stamps.......................................................................................... 131 316. Trade mark defined.................................................................................................................. 132 317. Trade mark offences................................................................................................................. 132 PART XII - Attempts and Conspiracies to Commit Crimes and Accessories After the Fact 318. Attempt defined........................................................................................................................ 132 319. Punishment for attempt to commit an offence.......................................................................... 132 320. Neglect to prevent commission of certain offences.................................................................. 133 321. Conspiracy to commit an offence............................................................................................. 133 322. Other conspiracies.................................................................................................................... 133 323. Definition of accessories after the fact...................................................................................... 134 324. Punishment of accessories after the fact.................................................................................. 134 325. Savings and transitional provisions.......................................................................................... 134 ENDNOTES 137 Table of Legislation history:............................................................................................................... 137 c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 13 Penal Code (2022 Revision) Section 1 CAYMAN ISLANDS PENAL CODE (2022 Revision) PART I - Preliminary 1. Short title 1. This Law may be cited as the Penal Code (2022 Revision). 2. Saving of certain laws 2. Nothing in this Law shall affect — (a) the liability, trial or punishment of a person for an offence against the common law or any other law in force in the Islands; (b) the power of any court to punish a person for contempt of court; (c) the liability or trial of a person or the punishment of a person under any sentence passed or to be passed, in respect of any act done or commenced before the commencement of this Law; or (d) any power of Her Majesty, or of the Governor as the representative of Her Majesty, to grant any pardon or to remit or commute in whole or in part or to respite the execution of any sentence passed or to be passed. 3. Definitions 3. In this Law — “attendance order” means an order made by a court under section 24 of the Youth Justice Act (2021 Revision); c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 15 Section 3 Penal Code (2022 Revision) “civil partner” has the meaning assigned by the Civil Partnership Act, 2020 [Law 35 of 2020]; “civil partnership” has the meaning assigned by the Civil Partnership Act, 2020 [Law 35 of 2020]; “Commissioner” means the Commissioner of Police; “court” means a court of competent jurisdiction; “judicial proceeding” includes any proceeding had or taken in or before any court, tribunal, commission of inquiry or person in which evidence is taken on oath; “knowingly” used in connection with any term denoting uttering or using, implies knowledge of the character of the thing uttered or used; “law” includes any order, rule or regulation made under the authority of any law; “money” includes bank notes, bank drafts, cheques and any other orders, warrants or requests for the payment of money; “night” or “night time” means the interval between 19.00 hours in the evening and 06.00 hours in the morning of the day following; “oath” includes affirmation or declaration; “offence” is an act, attempt or omission punishable by law; “person” and “owner” and other like terms when used with reference to property include corporations of all kinds and any other association of persons capable of owning property, and also when so used include the Crown; “person employed in the public service” includes — (a) a person holding public office whether temporarily, or permanently by appointment, by election or by the operation of any law; (b) an arbitrator, umpire or referee in any proceeding or matter with the sanction of any court or in pursuance of any law; (c) a Justice of the Peace; and (d) a member of any statutory body, tribunal or commission of inquiry in pursuance of any law; “possession” includes not only having in one’s own personal possession, but knowingly having anything in the actual possession or custody of any other person, or having anything in any place (whether belonging to or occupied by oneself or not) for the use or benefit of oneself or any other person, and if there are two or more persons and any one of them or more of them with the knowledge and consent of the rest has or have anything in that person’s or their custody or possession, it shall be deemed and taken to be in the custody and possession of each and all of them; Page 16 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Section 4 “property” includes money and all other property, real or personal, including things in action and other intangible property; “public” refers not only to all persons in the Islands but also to persons inhabiting or using any particular place, or any number of persons, and also to such indeterminate persons as may happen to be affected by the conduct in respect of which such expression is used; “public way” includes any highway, market place, square, street, bridge or other way which is lawfully used by the public; “publicly” when applied to acts done, means either that they are so done in any public place as to be seen by any person whether such person be or be not in a public place, or that they are so done in any place not being a public place as to be likely to be seen by any person in a public place; “utter” means and includes using or dealing with and attempting to use or deal with and attempting to induce any person to use, deal with or act upon the thing in question; “valuable security” includes any document which is the property of any person, and which is evidence of the ownership of any property or of the right to recover or receive any property; “vessel” includes any thing or device capable of being used for conveying goods or passengers from one place to another, and includes a vessel being towed or carried by another vessel whether as cargo or for any other purpose; and “wound” means any incision or puncture which divides or pierces any exterior membrane of the body, and any membrane is exterior for the purpose of this definition which can be touched without dividing or piercing any other membrane. 4. Offence committed partly within and partly beyond the jurisdiction 4. When an act which, if done wholly within the jurisdiction of the court, would be an offence against this Law, is done partly within and partly beyond the jurisdiction, every person who within the jurisdiction does or takes any part in such act may be tried and punished under this Law in the same manner as if such act had been done wholly within the jurisdiction. 5. Ignorance of the law 5. Ignorance of the law does not afford any excuse for any act or omission which would otherwise constitute an offence unless knowledge of the law by the offender is expressly declared to be an element of the offence. c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 17 Section 6 Penal Code (2022 Revision) 6. Bona fide claim of right 6. A person is not criminally responsible in respect of an offence relating to property, if the act done or omitted to be done by that person with respect to the property was done in the exercise of an honest claim of right and without intention to defraud. 7. Intention: motive 7. (1) Subject to the express provisions of this Law relating to negligent acts and omissions, a person is not criminally responsible for an act or omission which occurs independently of the exercise of that person’s will, or for an event which occurs by accident. (2) Unless the intention to cause a particular result is expressly declared to be an element of an offence constituted in whole or in part by an act or omission, the result intended to be caused by an act or omission is wholly immaterial. (3) Unless otherwise expressly declared, the motive by which a person is induced to do or omit to do an act, or to form an intention, is immaterial so far as regards criminal responsibility. 8. Mistake of fact 8. (1) A person who does or omits to do an act under an honest and reasonable, but mistaken, belief in the existence of a state of things is not criminally responsible for the act or omission to any greater extent than if the real state of things had been such as that person believed to exist. (2) The operation of subsection (1) may be excluded by the express or implied provisions of the law relating to the subject. 9. Presumption of sanity 9. Every person is presumed to be of sound mind, and to have been of sound mind at any time which comes in question, until the contrary is proved. 10. Insanity 10. A person is not criminally responsible for an act or omission if, at the time of doing the act or making the omission, is through any disease affecting that person’s mind incapable of understanding what that person is doing, or of knowing that that person ought not to do the act or make the omission; but a person may be criminally responsible for an act or omission, although that person’s mind is affected by disease, if such disease does not in fact produce upon that person’s mind one or other of the effects above mentioned in reference to that act or omission. 11. Intoxication 11. (1) Save as provided in this section, intoxication shall not constitute a defence to a criminal charge. Page 18 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Section 12 (2) Intoxication shall be a defence to a criminal charge if by reason thereof the person charged at the time of the act or omission complained of did not know that such act or omission was wrong or did not know what that person was doing and — (a) the state of intoxication was caused without that person’s consent by the malicious or negligent act of another person; or (b) the person charged was by reason of intoxication insane, temporarily or otherwise, at the time of such act or omission. (3) Where the defence under subsection (2) is established, then in a case falling under paragraph (a) thereof, the accused shall be discharged, and in a case falling under paragraph (b), section 10 shall apply. (4) Intoxication shall be taken into account for the purpose of determining whether the person charged had formed any intention, specific or otherwise, in the absence of which that person would not be guilty of the offence. (5) In this section “intoxication” shall be deemed to include a state produced by narcotics or drugs. 12. Immature age 12. (1) A person under the age of ten years is not criminally responsible for any act or omission. (2) A person under the age of fourteen years is not criminally responsible for an act or omission unless it is proved that at the time of doing the act or making the omission that person had capacity to know that that person ought not to do the act or make the omission. (3) A male person under the age of twelve years is presumed to be incapable of having carnal knowledge. 13. Compulsion 13. A person is not criminally responsible for an offence if it is committed by two or more persons and if the act is done or omitted only because during the whole of the time in which it is being done or omitted the person is compelled to do or omit to do the act by threats on the part of the other person or persons instantly to kill that person or do that person grievous bodily harm if that person refuses; but threats of future injury do not excuse any offence. 14. Defence of person or property 14. Subject to any express provisions in this or any other law in operation in the Islands, criminal responsibility for the use of force in the defence of person or property shall be determined according to the principles of English common law. c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 19 Section 15 Penal Code (2022 Revision) 15. Use of force in effecting arrest 15. Where any person is charged with a criminal offence arising out of the lawful arrest, or attempted arrest, by that person of a person who forcibly resists such arrest or attempts to evade being arrested, the court shall, in considering whether the means used were necessary, or the degree of force used was reasonable, for the apprehension of such person, have regard to the gravity of the offence which had been or was being committed by such person and the circumstances in which such offence had been or was being committed by such person. 16. Compulsion by spouse 16. A person is not free from criminal responsibility for doing or omitting to do an act merely because the act or omission takes place in the presence of that person’s spouse or civil partner, but on a charge against a person other than for treason or murder, it shall be a defence for the accused person to prove that the offence was committed in the presence of and under the coercion of that person’s spouse or civil partner. 17. Person not to be punished twice for the same offence 17. A person shall not be punished twice, either under this or any other law, for the same offence. 18. Principal offenders 18. (1) When an offence is committed, each of the following persons is deemed to have taken part in committing the offence and to have committed the offence, and may be charged with actually committing it, that is to say — (a) every person who actually does the act or makes the omission which constitutes the offence; (b) every person who does or omits to do any act for the purpose of enabling or aiding any other person to commit the offence; (c) every person who aids or abets another person in committing an offence; and (d) any person who counsels or procures any person to commit the offence. (2) In a case arising out of subsection (1)(d), the accused may be charged with themselves committing the offence or with counselling or procuring its commission. (3) A conviction of counselling or procuring the commission of an offence entails the same consequences in all respects as a conviction of committing the offence. (4) Any person who procures another to do or omit to do any act of such a nature that if that person had themselves done the act or made the omission the act or omission would have constituted an offence on that person’s part commits an offence of the same kind and is liable to the same punishment, as if that person Page 20 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Section 19 had themselves done the act or made the omission; and that person may be charged with themselves doing the act or making the omission. 19. Offences committed by joint offenders in prosecution of a common purpose 19. When two or more persons form a common intention to prosecute an unlawful purpose in conjunction with one another, and in the prosecution of such purpose an offence is committed of such a nature that its commission was a probable consequence of the prosecution of such purpose, each of them is deemed to have committed the offence. 20. Counselling another to commit an offence 20. (1) When a person counsels another to commit an offence, and an offence is actually committed after such counsel by the person to whom it is given, it is immaterial whether the offence actually committed is the same as that counselled or a different one, or whether the offence is committed in the way counselled or in a different way, provided in either case that the facts constituting the offence actually committed are a probable consequence of the carrying out of the counsel. (2) In either case the person who gave the counsel is deemed to have counselled the other person to commit the offence actually committed by that person. PART II - Punishments 21. Different kinds of punishments 21. The following punishments may be inflicted by a court — (a) imprisonment; (b) fine; (c) payment of compensation; (d) finding security to keep the peace and be of good behaviour or to come up for judgment; (e) liability to probation; (f) forfeiture; (g) attendance orders; and (h) any other punishment provided by this or any other law. c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 21 Section 22 Penal Code (2022 Revision) 22. Imprisonment 22. (1) A person liable to imprisonment for life or any other period may be sentenced to a shorter term. (2) Subject to any provision of any other law a person liable to imprisonment may be sentenced to pay a fine in addition to or instead of imprisonment. (3) Every sentence of imprisonment shall comply and be served in accordance with the Prisons Act (2021 Revision). (4) Notwithstanding subsection (3), a court which passes a sentence of imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years may order that the sentence shall not take effect unless, within a period of two years from the date of the sentence, the offender commits in the Islands another offence punishable with imprisonment. (5) The power to suspend a sentence conferred by subsection (4) may not be exercised in respect of a sentence for any offence against — (a) section 180; or (b) the Traffic Act (2021 Revision) save offences contravening section 89(1) or 133 thereof. 23. Life imprisonment for second offence 23. (1) This section applies where — (a) a person is convicted of a Category A offence committed after the 31st August, 2004; and (b) at the time when that offence was committed, that person was eighteen or over and had been convicted in the Islands of at least one other Category A offence. (2) Where a person is found guilty by a court of committing a Category A offence for the second time, the court may in its discretion sentence that person to imprisonment for life for that second offence. (3) When determining whether it would be appropriate not to impose a life sentence, the court shall have regard to the circumstances relating to either of the offences or to the offender. (4) “Category A offence” means an offence triable upon indictment. Page 22 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Section 24 24. Power of court to deal with suspended sentence 24. (1) Where an offender is convicted in the Islands of an offence punishable with imprisonment committed during the continuance of a suspended sentence made under section 22(4) and either the offender is so convicted by or before a court having power under section 25 to deal with the offender in respect of such sentence or the offender subsequently appears or is brought before such a court, then, unless the suspended sentence has already taken effect, that court shall consider the offender’s case and deal with the offender by — (a) ordering that it shall take effect with the original term unaltered; (b) ordering that it shall take effect with the substitution of a lesser term for the original term; (c) substituting for the period specified therein a period expiring not later than two years from the date of the substitution; or (d) making no order with respect to it, and it shall make an order under paragraph (a) unless it is of opinion that it would be unjust to do so in view of all the circumstances which have arisen since the suspended sentence was passed, including the facts of the subsequent offence, and where it is of that opinion it shall state its reasons. (2) Where a court orders that a suspended sentence shall take effect, with or without any variation of the original term, it may order that such sentence shall take effect immediately or that the term thereof shall commence on the expiration of another term of imprisonment passed on the offender by that or another court. (3) Where a court deals with an offender under this section in respect of a suspended sentence it shall notify the court which passed the sentence of the method adopted. (4) Where on consideration of the case of an offender a court makes no order with respect to a suspended sentence, it shall record that fact. (5) For the purposes of any law conferring rights of appeal in criminal cases, any order made by the court with respect to a suspended sentence shall be treated as a sentence passed on the offender by that court for the offence for which the suspended sentence was passed. 25. Court by which suspended sentence may be dealt with 25. (1) An offender may be dealt with in respect of a suspended sentence by the Grand Court or, where the sentence was passed by a court of summary jurisdiction, by the court before which the offender appears or is brought. (2) Where an offender is convicted by a court of summary jurisdiction of an offence punishable with imprisonment and the court is satisfied that the offence was committed during the continuance of a suspended sentence passed by the Grand Court — c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 23 Section 26 Penal Code (2022 Revision) (a) the court may, if it thinks fit, commit that offender in custody or on bail to the Grand Court; and (b) if it does not, shall give written notice of the conviction to the Grand Court. (3) For the purposes of this section and of section 26, a suspended sentence passed on an offender on appeal shall be treated as having been passed by the court by which the offender was originally sentenced. 26. Procedure where suspended sentence not dealt with 26. (1) If it appears to the Grand Court, where it has jurisdiction in accordance with subsection (2), or to a justice of the peace that an offender has been convicted in the Islands of an offence punishable with imprisonment committed during the continuance of a suspended sentence and that the offender has not been dealt with in respect of the suspended sentence, that court or justice may, subject to subsections (2) to (4), issue a summons requiring the offender to appear at the place and time specified therein, or a warrant for that person’s arrest. (2) Jurisdiction for the purposes of subsection (1) may be exercised — (a) if the suspended sentence was passed by the Grand Court, by that court; or (b) if it was passed by a court of summary jurisdiction, by a justice of the peace. (3) A justice of the peace shall not issue a summons under this section except on information, and shall not issue a warrant under this section except on information, and shall not issue a warrant under this section except on information in writing and on oath. (4) Any such summons or warrant shall direct the offender to appear or to be brought before the court by which the suspended sentence was passed. 27. Partly suspended sentence 27. (1) Notwithstanding section 22(3), a court which passes on an offender who is not less than eighteen years of age a sentence of imprisonment for a term of not less than six months and not exceeding two years may order that, after the offender had served part of the sentence in prison, the remainder of it shall be held in suspense. (2) The part to be held in suspense shall be not more than seventy-five percent and not less than twenty-five per cent of the whole period of the sentence, and the offender shall not be required to serve that part unless it is restored under subsection (3) and this shall be explained to the offender by the court using ordinary language and stating the substantial effect of that subsection. (3) If, at any time after the making of the order, the offender commits in the Islands during the whole period of the sentence another offence punishable with imprisonment then, subject to subsection (4), a competent court as defined in Page 24 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Section 27 subsection (9) shall restore part of the sentence held in suspense and order the offender to serve it. (4) If the court, considering the offender’s case with a view to exercising the powers of subsection (3), is of the opinion that, in view of all the circumstances which have arisen since the order was made including the facts of the subsequent offence, it would be unjust to restore the part of the sentence held in suspense, it shall either restore a lesser part or declare, with reasons stated, its decision to make no order under the subsection. (5) Where a court exercises those powers, it may order that the restored part of the original sentence shall take effect immediately or that the term shall commence on the expiration of another term of imprisonment passed on the offender by that or another court. (6) Where an offender is convicted by a summary court of an offence punishable with imprisonment and the court is satisfied that the offence was committed during the whole period of a sentence passed by the Grand Court with an order under subsection (1) — (a) it may, if it thinks fit, commit the offender in custody or on bail to the Grand Court; or (b) if it does not, it shall give written notice of the conviction to the Grand Court. (7) For the purposes of this section, a sentence of imprisonment passed on an offender on appeal with an order under subsection (1) shall be treated as having been passed (with such an order) by the court by which the offender was originally sentenced. (8) This section does not apply to a sentence for any offence against — (a) section 180; or (b) the Traffic Act (2021 Revision) save offences contravening — (i) section 68(m), 77, 89(2), 91(1), 92, 93(1)(a) to (l) inclusive, 98 or 99; or (ii) any of the provisions of the said Traffic Act (2021 Revision) or any regulations made thereunder which are equivalent to, in substitution for or repeal and replace any offences under section 68(b), (c), (n), (q), (r), (v), or (w) of the repealed Traffic Law (Revised). (9) In this section — (a) in relation to a sentence of imprisonment part of which is held in suspense, a competent court under subsection (3) is — (i) the Grand Court; or (ii) where the sentence was passed by a summary court, any summary court before which the offender appears or is brought; c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 25 Section 28 Penal Code (2022 Revision) (b) “the whole period” of a sentence means the time which the offender would have had to serve in prison if the sentence had been passed without an order under subsection (1) and the offender had no remission of sentence granted to the offender under section 231 (now repealed) of the Prisons Act (2021 Revision). [1 see note 3 on p. 136] 28. Fines 28. Where a fine is imposed under any law, then in the absence of express provisions relating to such fine in such law — (a) where no limit is expressed to which the fine may extend, the amount of the fine which may be imposed is unlimited, but shall not be excessive; (b) in the case of an offence punishable with a fine or a term of imprisonment, the imposition of a fine or a term of imprisonment shall be in the discretion of the court; and (c) in the case of an offence punishable with imprisonment as well as a fine in which the offender is sentenced to a fine with or without imprisonment and in every case of an offence punishable with fine only in which the offender is sentenced to a fine, the court passing sentence may, in its discretion — (i) direct by its sentence that in default of payment of the fine the offender shall suffer imprisonment for a certain term, which imprisonment shall be in addition to any other imprisonment to which the offender may have been sentenced or to which the offender may be liable under a commutation of sentence; and (ii) issue a warrant for the levy of the amount on the immovable and movable property of the offender by distress and sale under warrant: Provided that if the sentence directs that in default of payment of the fine the offender shall be imprisoned, and if such person has undergone the whole of such imprisonment in default, no court shall issue a distress warrant unless for special reasons to be recorded in writing it considers it necessary to do so. 29. Enforcement by distress warrant of fines, etc. 29. (1) Where default is made in payment of a fine or other sum imposed or adjudged to be paid under any law on a conviction or order of any court, the court may issue a warrant for the levy of such fine or other sum on the immovable and movable property of the offender by distress and sale. (2) Where a court has power to issue a warrant under subsection (1) it may, if it thinks it expedient to do so, postpone the issue of the warrant until such time and on such conditions, if any, as it thinks just. (3) A warrant shall not, if it states that the sum has been so adjudged to be paid, be held void by reason of any defect in the warrant. Page 26 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Section 30 (4) A person acting under a warrant shall not be deemed to be a trespasser from the beginning by reason only of an irregularity in the execution of the warrant. (5) Nothing in this section shall prejudice the claim of any person for special damages in respect of any loss caused by a defect in the warrant or any irregularity in its execution. (6) A person who removes any property marked as an article impounded in the execution of a warrant, or defaces or removes any such mark commits an offence and is liable to a fine of one hundred dollars. (7) A person who, being charged with the execution of a warrant, wilfully retains from the proceeds of a sale of the goods on which distress is levied, or otherwise exacts, any greater costs and charges than those properly payable, or makes any improper charge, commits an offence and is liable to a fine of one hundred dollars. 30. Imprisonment in lieu of payment of costs, compensation, or fines, etc. 30. (1) In the absence of express provisions in any law relating thereto, the term of imprisonment ordered by a court in respect of the non-payment of any sum adjudged to be paid — (a) for costs under section 34; (b) for compensation under section 33; (c) in respect of the non-payment of a fine; or (d) in respect of any sum adjudged to be paid under the provisions of any law, shall be such term as in the opinion of the court will satisfy the justice of the case, but shall not exceed in any case, the maximum fixed by the following scale — Amount Maximum term $100 or less 1 month More than $100 but no more than $500 2 months More than $500 but no more than $1000 4 months More than $1,000 but no more than $15,000 6 months More than $15,000 but no more than $650,000 5 years More than $650,000 but no more than $1.3 million 7 years More than $1.3 million 14 years (2) Subsection (1) shall be subject to the following — (a) the term of imprisonment imposed in respect of the non-payment of a fine shall not exceed — c Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 Page 27 Section 31 Penal Code (2022 Revision) (i) the term of imprisonment that could have been imposed at the time of conviction; or (ii) in the case of an offence punishable with a fine only, six months; and (b) where the fine or other sum has been partly paid, the term of imprisonment imposed shall abate and be reduced by the ratio that the amount of the part payment bears to the amount of such fine or other sum. (3) The imprisonment which is imposed in default of payment of a fine shall terminate whenever the fine is paid or levied by process of law. (4) Subsections (2)(a)(i) and (ii) shall not apply in relation to any imprisonment ordered for default payment of a confiscation order made under section 15 of the Proceeds of Crime Act (2020 Revision). 31. Forfeiture 31. When any person is convicted of an offence under sections 108 or 109, the court may, in addition to or in lieu of any penalty which may be imposed, order the forfeiture to the Crown of any property which has passed in connection with the commission of the offence or, if such property cannot be forfeited or cannot be found, of such sum as the court shall assess as the value of the property; and any property or sum so forfeited shall be dealt with in such manner as the Cabinet may direct. Payment of any sum so ordered to be forfeited may be enforced in the same manner and subject to the same incidents as in the case of the payment of a fine. 32. Suspension or forfeiture of right to carry on business 32. (1) Where a person is convicted of the offence of handling stolen property and such offence arose out of, or was committed in the course of, any trade or business, whether carried on by such person or not, the court by which the conviction is recorded may, in addition to any other penalty which it may impose, make an order, having effect for such period as the court may think fit, prohibiting such person from carrying on or being concerned or employed, directly or indirectly, in carrying on any such trade or business or any branch of any such trade or business of the same or similar character. (2) Any person who fails to comply with an order made under subsection (1) commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine of five hundred dollars and to imprisonment for six months. 33. Compensation 33. Any person who is convicted of an offence may be adjudged to make compensation to any person injured by that person’s offence or by any other similar offences committed by that person which are taken into consideration by the court in determining sentence. Any such compensation may be in addition to or in substitution for any other punishment. Page 28 Revised as at 31st day of December, 2021 c Penal Code (2022 Revision) Section 34 34. Costs 34. Subject to limitations imposed by any other law, a court may order any person convicted of an offence to pay the costs of and incidental to the prosecution or any part thereof. 35. Security for keeping the peace 35. A person convicted of an offence not punishable with imprisonment for life may, instead of, or in addition to, any punishment to which that person is liable, be ordered to enter into that person’s own recognisances, with or without sureties, in such amount as the court thinks fit, that that person shall keep the peace and be of good behaviour for a time to be fixed by the court, and may be ordered to be imprisoned until such recognisance, with sureties if so directed, is entered into; but so that the imprisonment for not entering into the recognisance shall not extend for a period longer than one year, and shall not, together with the fixed term of imprisonment if any, extend for a term longer than the longest term for which that person might be sentenced to be imprisoned without fine. 36. Security for coming up for judgment 36. When a person is convicted of any offence not punishable with imprisonment for life, the court may, instead of passing sentence, discharge the offender upon the offender entering upon the offender’s own recognisance, with or without sureties, in such sum as the court thinks fit, conditioned that that offender shall appear and receive judgment at some future sitting of the court or when calle

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