Pedi Milestones PDF
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This document presents a summary of key developmental milestones for children across various age groups, from infancy to early childhood. It details developmental stages, including physical, cognitive, and social-emotional aspects for infants, toddlers and preschoolers. Information on common concerns is also included.
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Infant 0-12 Months 1. Trust vs Mistrust 2. HR 110-160 RR 30-60 BP 100/50 3. No head lag at 4 months 4. Pincer grasp at 10 months 5. Birth weight doubles at 6 months 6. Birth weight triples at 12 months 7. Posterior fontanelles close 6-8 weeks 8. Anterio...
Infant 0-12 Months 1. Trust vs Mistrust 2. HR 110-160 RR 30-60 BP 100/50 3. No head lag at 4 months 4. Pincer grasp at 10 months 5. Birth weight doubles at 6 months 6. Birth weight triples at 12 months 7. Posterior fontanelles close 6-8 weeks 8. Anterior fontanelles close 12-18 months 9. Smiles and coos at 2 months 10.Separation anxiety at 4-8 months 11.2 block tower at 12 months 12.Double birth length at one year 13.Head weight has increased by 2.5 times in first year 14.Height increases by one inch in the first 6 months 15.Object permanence 6-10 months 16.Stranger danger 6-8 months 17.Breast milk is best with 400 iu vitamin D for 6 months to prevent rickets 18.Introduce rice cereal at 6 months 19.No honey due to botulism 20.No additional fluids during first 4-6 months 21.Introduce new foods 5-7 days apart 22.Lower central incisors erupt at 6-10 months 23.Injury prevention with precautions regarding aspiration, suffocation, cars, falls, burns 24.Step reflex gone at 4-8 weeks 25.Root and suck reflex gone at 3 months 26.Moro and fencing gone at 4 months 27.Palmar grasp reflex gone 4-6 months 28.Babinski gone at 12 months 29.8 months sit unsupported 30.7 months transfers objects from hand to hand 31.10 months prone to sitting 32.Sleep baby on back 33.Kicks 2 legs at 2 months 34.Babble words 6-9 months 35.Purposeful play at 10-12 months 36.Starts to roll at 4-5 months 37.Hold bottle at 6 months 38.Iron fortified milk substitution for breast milk 39.Smile at self in mirror at 5 months 40.Differentiate from strangers at 5 months 41.The age of the child in months - 6 is how many teeth Toddler 1-3 Years 1. Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt 2. HR 80-110 RR 25-40 BP 105/55 3. Parallel play 18 months, play alongside others 4. If not walking at 18 months this is a concern 5. Tricycle at 3 years 6. Run, kick, climb at 2 years 7. Separation anxiety at 18-24 months 8. Ritualism is important 9. Toilet train when stay dry for 2 hours, recognize urge, interested in toilet 10.Belly out when standing 11.Walk up and down stair with help at 18 months 12.Jump at 18 months 13.Throw ball at 2 14.Hold cup and spoon at 18 months 15.Says mine a lot at 2 16.Build 7 block tower at 2 17.Draw vertical lines at 2 18.Dress self at 2 19.Can sit from standing position at 18 months 20.Says two names and two to three word sentences at 2 21.Draws circles at 3 22.Ask why a lot at 3 23.2 word phrases and 3 word phrases at 3 24.Turn knobs at 2 25.Adult height is twice the child's height at 2 26.Differentiates self from others 27.Transitional objects like teddy bear provide security when separated from mom 28.Gender identity at 3 29.Temper tantrums occur with complex overwhelming tasks, contain child 30.Negativism is doing the opposite of what told and resist/refusal ‘no’ 31.Physiological anorexia at 18 months with decreased appetite 32.Common causes of death are motor vehicle accidents, drowing, and burns 33.B 12 micronutrient needed for growth and development 34.Toilet training is major task of toddler 35.Activities have purposeful results at 2 36.Mimicry occurs at 2 37.Animism is giving lifelike qualities to inanimate objects 38.Primary dentition completed at 30 months 39.Sphincter control at 30 months 40.Place car seat in the back facing forward Preschool 3-6 Years 1. Initiative vs Guilt 2. HR 70-110 RR 20-35 BP 110/60 3. Magical thinking, imaginary friends 4. Nightmares later during night and can remember 5. Night terrors are traumatic/screaming and cannot remember and occurs after fall asleep 6. Stand and hop on one foot at 4 years 7. Swim, skip, swing, say name at 5 years 8. Walk on tip toes at 3 9. Associative play with identical activities but without rules at 3 10.Activities include imitative, imaginative, and dramatic play 11.Imagined fears present in preschool years 12.Aggression common from frustration, modeling behavior, and reinforcement 13.Speech development at 2-4 years 14.Stutter at 3-5 years because can't keep up with thoughts is normal 15.Catch ball at 4 16.Hold pencil at 3 17.4 word sentences at 4 and tell stories 18.Gain 5lbs each year 19.Use scissors at 4 20.Tie shoes at 5 21.Fear of body mutilation 22.Walk up stairs at 3 23.Draw 4 sided shape at 4 24.Alphabet at 4 25.Gifted talent requires extra stimulation 26.Increased desire to explore 27.Fluoride supplements help prevent dental caries 28.Drawing good for fine muscle skills, eye hand coordination, learning 29.10 cube tower and 3 cube bridge at 3 30.Strong attachment to opposite sex parent 31.Quality of food more important than quantity 32.Telegraphic speech at 3 and 4 33.Balancing on alternating feet at 5 34.Permanent teeth start erupting at 5 35.Takes pride in accomplishments 36. Stubborn and uncooperative at 3 37.Gifted if iq of 130 38.Draw body parts, triangle, diamond at 5 39.Follow task one at a time by 4 or 5 School Age 6-12 Years 1. Industry vs Inferiority 2. HR 65-105 RR 18-30 BP 115/65 3. Steady gain in height and weight, 2 inches per year 4. Puberty signals the beginning of secondary sex characteristics 5. Prepubescent is the two-year period that proceeds puberty 6. Satisfaction from independent behavior 7. Peer acceptance and influence is important 8. Develop a sense of conscience and able to understand rules and standards 9. Form peer friendships is most important to social interactions 10.Body image important to social 11.Middle schoolers engage in antisocial behavior 12.Physical activity is increased 13.Dental hygiene important, start to lose teeth at 5 or 6 14.Sex education ideal at this age 15.Most common cause of death is motor vehicle accidents 16.Eager to participate in socially useful work 17.Musical instruments are best introduced at this time 18.Self-esteem is important 19.Limbs don’t keep up with torso growth 20.Girls two years earlier than boy puberty 21.Average age of puberty is 12 in girls and 14 in men 22.Increasing independence from parents is the primary goal of the middle childhood 23.Sexual role strongly influenced by peer relationships 24.Children form groups, clubs, and clicks 25.Team play and rules is Incorporated 26.Collection and ego mastery is common 27.Fear’s loss of control over our bodies 28.Shedding of teeth 29.Concrete thinking 30.Immune system matures to the adult level at 10 years old 31.Mastering skills and becoming independent 32.Fine motor skills include draw, type, cook, clean 33.Gross motor skills include bike, swim, team sports, hobbies 34.Cognitive skills include read, memorizing, math 35.Play styles include cooperative, competitive, physical, and constructive play 36.Bike safety, swimming safety, stranger safety, firearms safety 37.Signs of bullying 38.Listen, pay attention, be honest, and communicate with them 39.Talk about fears, teach coping methods Adolescent 12-20 Years 1. Identity vs Role Confusion 2. HR 60-100 RR 12-18 BP 120/70 3. Reproductive organs become active, sexually mature 4. Girls start puberty two years earlier than boys 5. Puberty lasts for 5 years 6. Tanner scale 1-5, 5 is most mature 7. Girls tanner scale is breast development and pubic hair growth 8. Boys tanner scale is the enlargement of penis, testes, scrotum, and pubic hair growth 9. First sign is breast enlargement 10.Weight gain during puberty and hips widen 11.Sebaceous glands active increase risk for acne 12.Apocrine glands found in armpits and lead to body odor 13.Emotional changes due to hormone outburst 14.Boy voice changes due to larynx growth 15.Permanent teeth full 32 grown in 16.Peer influence is important 17.Social changes dependant on friends 18.Separation from parents 19.Test authority and want independence 20.Body image changes affects self concept and esteem 21.Motor vehicle accidents are most common cause of death 22.Engage in risky activities 23.Driving safety is important 24.Signs of suicide, second leading cause of death 25.Need 8 to 10 hours of sleep a night 26.Egocentric, self absorbed, narcissistic, imaginary audience 27.Growth plates at ends of bones begin to close 28.Encourage contraception 29.Never lie to teens, be respectful, choose words carefully 30.Fears of rejection, loss of control, separation from peers, invaded privacy, death 31.Abstract thinking 32.Growth spurt occurs earlier in boys 33.Girls finish growing at 15, boys stop at 17 34.Strong body image views and issues 35.Privacy of body parts is important
