General Chemistry 1 Teaching Guide PDF

The Commission on Higher Education in collaboration with the Philippine Normal University Teaching Guide for Senior High School GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1 SPECIALIZED SUBJECT | ACADEMIC STEM This Teaching Guide was collaboratively deve...

The Commission on Higher Education in collaboration with the Philippine Normal University Teaching Guide for Senior High School GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1 SPECIALIZED SUBJECT | ACADEMIC STEM This Teaching Guide was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Commission on Higher Education, K to 12 Transition Program Management Unit - Senior High School Support Team at [email protected]. We value your feedback and recommendations.  Development Team Team Leader: Wyona C. Patalinghug, Ph.D. Writers: Wyona C. Patalinghug, Ph.D., Vic Marie I. Camacho, Ph.D., This Teaching Guide by the Fortunato B. Sevilla III, Ph.D., Commission on Higher Education is Maria Cristina D. Singson licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- Technical Editors: Marlene B. Ferido, Ph.D., Janeth NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 M. Fuentes International License. This means Published by the Commission on Higher Education, 2016 Copy Reader: Patricia Marie W. Baun you are free to: Chairperson: Patricia B. Licuanan, Ph.D. Share — copy and redistribute the Illustrator: Juan Miguel M. Razon, Rachelle Ann J. material in any medium or format Commission on Higher Education Bantayan, Danielle Christine Quing Adapt — remix, transform, and K to 12 Transition Program Management Unit Cover Artists: Paolo Kurtis N. Tan, Renan U. Ortiz build upon the material. Office Address: 4th Floor, Commission on Higher Education, The licensor, CHED, cannot revoke C.P. Garcia Ave., Diliman, Quezon City these freedoms as long as you Senior High School Support Team Telefax: (02) 441-0927 / E-mail Address: [email protected] follow the license terms. However, CHED K to 12 Transition Program Management Unit under the following terms: Program Director: Karol Mark R. 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Dalena Printed in the Philippines by EC-TEC Commercial, No. 32 St. Louis Compound 7, Baesa, Quezon City, [email protected] Table of Contents DepEd Curriculum Guide i Lesson 18: Emission Spectrum of Hydrogen, and Dual 144 Lesson 1: Matter and Its Properties 1 Nature of Matter Lesson 2: Matter and Its Various Forms 14 Lesson 19: Flame Test (Laboratory) 158 Lesson 3: Measurements 19 Lesson 20: Electronic Structure of the Atom 162 Lesson 4: Measurements (Laboratory) 25 Lesson 21: Electron Configuration 175 Lesson 5: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions (Lecture) 30 Lesson 22: Periodic Relationships among the Elements 190 Lesson 6: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions (Laboratory) 47 Lesson 23: Periodic Relationships of Main Group 203 Lesson 7: Atomic Mass 52 Elements (Laboratory) Lesson 8: The Mole Concept and Molar Mass (Lecture) 60 Lesson 24: Ionic Bonds 208 Lecture 9: The Mole Concept and Molar Mass (Laboratory) 70 Lesson 25: Covalent Bonds and Lewis Structures 220 Lesson 10: Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas 76 Lesson 26: Geometry of Molecules and Polarity 236 Lesson 11: Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations (Lecture) 82 of Compounds Lesson 12: Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations (Laboratory) 89 Lesson 27: Geometry of Molecules and Polarity 250 Lesson 13: Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions (Lecture) 94 of Molecules (Laboratory) Lesson 14: Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions (Laboratory) 105 Lesson 28: Carbon Compounds 254 Lesson 15: Gases (Lecture) 110 Lesson 29: Polymers 284 Lesson 16: Gases (Laboratory) 128 Lesson 30: Biomolecules 297 Lesson 17: Electromagnetic Waves, Planck’s Quantum Theory, and 132 Biographical Notes 314 Photoelectric Effect Additional Images 317 Introduction As the Commission supports DepEd’s implementation of Senior High School (SHS), it upholds the vision and mission of the K to 12 program, stated in Section 2 of Republic Act 10533, or the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013, that “every graduate of basic education be an empowered individual, through a program rooted on...the competence to engage in work and be productive, the ability to coexist in fruitful harmony with local and global communities, the capability to engage in creative and critical thinking, and the capacity and willingness to transform others and oneself.” To accomplish this, the Commission partnered with the Philippine Normal University (PNU), the National Center for Teacher Education, to develop Teaching Guides for Courses of SHS. Together with PNU, this Teaching Guide was studied and reviewed by education and pedagogy experts, and was enhanced with appropriate methodologies and strategies. Furthermore, the Commission believes that teachers are the most important partners in attaining this goal. Incorporated in this Teaching Guide is a framework that will guide them in creating lessons and assessment tools, support them in facilitating activities and questions, and assist them towards deeper content areas and competencies. Thus, the introduction of the SHS for SHS Framework. The SHS for SHS Framework, which stands for “Saysay-Husay-Sarili for Senior High School,” is at the SHS for SHS core of this book. The lessons, which combine high-quality content with flexible elements to Framework accommodate diversity of teachers and environments, promote these three fundamental concepts: SAYSAY: MEANING HUSAY: MASTERY SARILI: OWNERSHIP Why is this important? How will I deeply understand this? What can I do with this? Through this Teaching Guide, Given that developing mastery When teachers empower teachers will be able to facilitate goes beyond memorization, learners to take ownership of an understanding of the value teachers should also aim for their learning, they develop of the lessons, for each learner deep understanding of the independence and self- to fully engage in the content subject matter where they lead direction, learning about both on both the cognitive and learners to analyze and the subject matter and affective levels. synthesize knowledge. themselves.  This Teaching Guide is mapped and aligned to the DepEd SHS Curriculum, designed to be highly Parts of the usable for teachers. It contains classroom activities and pedagogical notes, and is integrated with Teaching Guide innovative pedagogies. All of these elements are presented in the following parts: 1. Introduction Highlight key concepts and identify the essential questions Show the big picture Connect and/or review prerequisite knowledge Clearly communicate learning competencies and objectives Motivate through applications and connections to real-life 2. Motivation Give local examples and applications Engage in a game or movement activity Provide a hands-on/laboratory activity Connect to a real-life problem 3. Instruction/Delivery Give a demonstration/lecture/simulation/hands-on activity Show step-by-step solutions to sample problems Give applications of the theory Connect to a real-life problem if applicable 4. Practice Discuss worked-out examples Provide easy-medium-hard questions Give time for hands-on unguided classroom work and discovery Use formative assessment to give feedback 5. Enrichment Provide additional examples and applications Introduce extensions or generalisations of concepts Engage in reflection questions Encourage analysis through higher order thinking prompts 6. Evaluation Supply a diverse question bank for written work and exercises Provide alternative formats for student work: written homework, journal, portfolio, group individual projects, student-directed research project iii  On DepEd Functional Skills and CHED College Readiness Standards As Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) welcome the graduates of On the other hand, the Commission declared the College the Senior High School program, it is of paramount importance to Readiness Standards that consist of the combination of knowledge, align Functional Skills set by DepEd with the College Readiness skills, and reflective thinking necessary to participate and succeed - Standards stated by CHED. without remediation - in entry-level undergraduate courses in The DepEd articulated a set of 21st century skills that should be college. embedded in the SHS curriculum across various subjects and tracks. The alignment of both standards, shown below, is also presented in These skills are desired outcomes that K to 12 graduates should this Teaching Guide - prepares Senior High School graduates to the possess in order to proceed to either higher education, revised college curriculum which will initially be implemented by AY employment, entrepreneurship, or middle-level skills development. 2018-2019. College Readiness Standards Foundational Skills DepEd Functional Skills Produce all forms of texts (written, oral, visual, digital) based on: 1. Solid grounding on Philippine experience and culture; 2. An understanding of the self, community, and nation; Visual and information literacies, media literacy, critical thinking 3. Application of critical and creative thinking and doing processes; and problem solving skills, creativity, initiative and self-direction 4. Competency in formulating ideas/arguments logically, scientifically, and creatively; and 5. Clear appreciation of one’s responsibility as a citizen of a multicultural Philippines and a diverse world; Global awareness, scientific and economic literacy, curiosity, Systematically apply knowledge, understanding, theory, and skills for the development of critical thinking and problem solving skills, risk taking, flexibility the self, local, and global communities using prior learning, inquiry, and experimentation and adaptability, initiative and self-direction Global awareness, media literacy, technological literacy, Work comfortably with relevant technologies and develop adaptations and innovations for creativity, flexibility and adaptability, productivity and significant use in local and global communities accountability Global awareness, multicultural literacy, collaboration and Communicate with local and global communities with proficiency, orally, in writing, and interpersonal skills, social and cross-cultural skills, leadership through new technologies of communication and responsibility Media literacy, multicultural literacy, global awareness, Interact meaningfully in a social setting and contribute to the fulfilment of individual and collaboration and interpersonal skills, social and cross-cultural shared goals, respecting the fundamental humanity of all persons and the diversity of skills, leadership and responsibility, ethical, moral, and spiritual groups and communities values v  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT Grade: 11 Semester: 1st and 2nd Subject Title: General Chemistry 1 & 2 No. of Hours/ Semester: 80 hours per semester Subject Description: Composition, structure, and properties of matter; quantitative principles, kinetics, and energetics of transformations of matter; and fundamental concepts of organic chemistry PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD Quarter 1 – General Chemistry 1 Matter and its properties The learners The learners: The learners: 1. the particulate nature of demonstrate an 1. recognize that substances are made up STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-1 matter understanding of: design using multimedia, of smaller particles 2. states of matter demonstrations, or models, 2. describe and/or make a representation of a. the macroscopic the properties of matter a representation or the arrangement, relative spacing, and STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-2 b. microscopic view and its various forms simulation of any of the relative motion of the particles in each of 3. Physical and chemical following: the three phases of matter properties a. atomic structure 3. distinguish between physical and 4. Extensive and intensive b. gas behavior STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-3 chemical properties and give examples properties c. mass relationships in 4. distinguish between extensive and 5. Ways of classifying matter d. reactions STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-4 intensive properties and give examples a. pure substances and 5. use properties of matter to identify mixtures STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-5 substances and to separate them b. elements and 6. differentiate between pure substances compounds STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-6 and mixtures c. homogeneous and 7. differentiate between elements and heterogeneous STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-7 compounds mixtures 8. differentiate between homogenous and 6. Methods of separating STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-8 heterogenous mixtures mixtures into their 9. recognize the formulas of common component substances STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-9 chemical substances 10. describe separation techniques for STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-10 mixtures and compounds 11. compare consumer products on the basis of their components for use, safety, STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-11 quality and cost 12. (LAB) apply simple separation techniques STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-12 such as distillation, chromatography K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 1 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD Measurements 1. the difference 1. differentiate between precision and 1. Accuracy and precision between accuracy STEM_GC11MT-Ib-13 accuracy 2. Significant figures in and precision calculations 2. different sources of 3. Density measurement errors in 2. (LAB) Determine the density of liquids & STEM_GC11MT-Ib-14 measurements solids Atoms, Molecules, and Ions 1. atomic structure 1. explain how the basic laws of matter (law 1. Dalton’s atomic theory 2. formulas and of conservation of mass, law of constant 2. Basic laws of matter names of composition, law of multiple proportion) STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-15 3. Atomic structure compounds led to the formulation of Dalton’s Atomic 4. Subatomic particles Theory (protons, electrons, neutrons) 2. describe Dalton’s Atomic Theory STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-16 5. Molecules and Ions 6. Chemical Formulas 3. differentiate among atomic number, mass 7. Naming Compounds number, and isotopes, and which of these STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-17 distinguishes one element from another 4. write isotopic symbols STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-18 5. recognize common isotopes and their STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-19 uses. 6. differentiate among atoms, molecules, STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-20 ions and give examples 7. represent compounds using chemical STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-21 formulas, structural formulas and models 8. give the similarities and differences between the empirical formula and STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-22 molecular formula of a compound K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 2 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD 9. name compounds given their formula and write formula given the name of the STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-23 compound 10. (LAB) Practice chemical nomenclature: writing the chemical formulas of ionic STEM_GC11AM-Ic-e-24 compounds; naming ionic compounds from formulas Stoichiometry 1. the mole concept in 1. explain relative atomic mass and average 1. Atomic mass relation to STEM_GC11S-Ie-25 atomic mass 2. Avogadro’s number Avogadro’s number 3. The mole concept and mass 2. define a mole STEM_GC11S-Ie-26 3. illustrate Avogadro’s number with STEM_GC11S-Ie-27 examples 4. determine the molar mass of elements STEM_GC11S-Ie-28 and compounds 5. calculate the mass of a given number of moles of an element or compound or vice STEM_GC11S-Ie-29 versa 6. calculate the mass of a given number of particles of an element or compound or STEM_GC11S-Ie-30 vice versa 4. Percent composition and 2. the relationship of chemical formulas percent composition 1. calculate the percent composition of a STEM_GC11PC-If-31 and chemical compound from its formula formula 2. calculate the empirical formula from the STEM_GC11PC-If-32 percent composition of a compound K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 3 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD 3. calculate molecular formula given molar STEM_GC11PC-If-33 mass 5. Chemical reactions and 3. the use of chemical chemical equations formulas to 4. write equations for chemical reactions and STEM_GC11CR-If-g-34 6. Types of chemical represent chemical balance the equations reactions in aqueous reactions solutions 5. interpret the meaning of a balanced STEM_GC11CR-If-g-35 chemical reaction in terms of the law of conservation of mass 6. describe evidences that a chemical STEM_GC11CR-If-g-36 reaction has occurred 7. (LAB) Perform exercises on writing and STEM_GC11CR-If-g-37 balancing chemical equations 7. Mass relationships in 4. the quantitative 1. construct mole or mass ratios for a chemical reactions relationship of reaction in order to calculate the amount STEM_GC11MR-Ig-h-38 reactants and of reactant needed or amount of product products in a formed in terms of moles or mass chemical reaction 2. Calculate percent yield and theoretical STEM_GC11MR-Ig-h-39 yield of the reaction 3. explain the concept of limiting reagent in a chemical reaction; identify the excess STEM_GC11MR-Ig-h-40 reagent(s) 4. calculate reaction yield when a limiting STEM_GC11MR-Ig-h-41 reagent is present 5. (LAB) Determine mass relationship in a STEM_GC11MR-Ig-h-42 chemical reaction Gases 5. the mathematical 1. define pressure and give the common STEM_GC11G-Ih-i-43 1. Pressure of a gas relationship between units of pressure a. Units of pressure pressure, volume, 2. express the gas laws in equation form STEM_GC11G-Ih-i-44 2. The Gas laws and temperature of K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 4 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD a. Boyle’s Law a gas 3. use the gas laws to determine pressure, b. Charles’ Law volume, or temperature of a gas under STEM_GC11G-Ih-i-45 c. Avogadro’s Law certain conditions of change 3. Ideal Gas Equation 4. use the ideal gas equation to calculate pressure, volume, temperature, or STEM_GC11G-Ih-i-46 number of moles of a gas 5. use Dalton’s law of partial pressures to 4. Dalton’s Law of partial 6. the partial pressures relate mole fraction and partial pressure of STEM_GC11DL-Ii-47 pressures of gases in a mixture gases in a mixture 7. quantitative 6. apply the principles of stoichiometry to relationships of determine the amounts (volume, number 5. Gas stoichiometry reactants and STEM_GC11GS-Ii-j-48 of moles, or mass) of gaseous reactants products in a and products gaseous reaction 7. explain the gas laws in terms of the STEM_GC11KMT-Ij-49 kinetic molecular theory of gases 8. the behavior and 6. Kinetic molecular theory of properties of gases 8. relate the rate of gas effusion with molar STEM_GC11KMT-Ij-50 gases at the molecular mass level 9. (LAB) Demonstrate Graham’s law of STEM_GC11KMT-Ij-51 effusion in an experiment Quarter 2 – General Chemistry 1 Electronic Structure of the quantum mechanical illustrate the reactions at 1. describe the quantum mechanical model STEM_GC11ES-IIa-b-52 Atoms description of the atom the molecular level in any of the atom 1. Quantum mechanical and its electronic of the following: 2. describe the electronic structure of atoms description of the atom structure 1. enzyme action in terms of main energy levels, sublevels, STEM_GC11ES-IIa-b-53 2. Schrodinger’s model of the 2. protein denaturation and orbitals, and relate this to energy hydrogen atom and wave 3. separation of 3. use quantum numbers to describe an functions components in STEM_GC11ES-IIa-b-54 electron in an atom 3. Main energy levels, sublevels coconut milk 4. (LAB) Perform exercises on quantum and orbitals STEM_GC11ES-IIa-b-55 numbers K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 5 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD 4. Quantum numbers 5. write the electronic configuration of atoms STEM_GC11ES-IIa-b-56 5. Electron Configuration a. Aufbau Principle 6. determine the magnetic property of the b. Pauli Exclusion Principle STEM_GC11ES-IIa-b-57 atom based on its electronic configuration c. Hund’s Rule 7. draw an orbital diagram to represent the d. Diamagnetism and STEM_GC11ES-IIa-b-58 electronic configuration of atoms Paramagnetism 8. (LAB) Perform exercises on writing e. Orbital diagrams STEM_GC11ES-IIa-b-59 electronic configuration Electronic Structure and the arrangement of 1. explain the periodic recurrence of similar Periodicity elements in the periodic properties among elements in the periodic STEM_GC11ESP-IIc-d-60 1. The Electron Configuration table and trends in the table in terms of electronic structure and the Periodic Table properties of the 2. relate the number of valence electrons of 2. Periodic Variation in Atomic elements in terms of elements to their group number in the STEM_GC11ESP-IIc-d-61 Properties electronic structure periodic table a. Atomic Radius and 3. compare the properties of families of effective nuclear charge; STEM_GC11ESP-IIc-d-62 elements the shielding effect in 4. predict the properties of individual many-electron atoms elements based on their position in the STEM_GC11ESP-IIc-d-63 b. Ionic radius periodic table c. Ionization energy 5. describe and explain the trends in atomic d. Electron affinity STEM_GC11ESP-IIc-d-64 properties in the periodic table 6. (LAB) Investigate reactions of ions and STEM_GC11ESP-IIc-d-65 apply these in qualitative analysis 7. (LAB) Determine periodic properties of STEM_GC11ESP-IIc-d-66 the main group elements Chemical Bonding 1. ionic bond formation 1. relate the stability of noble gases to their Ionic Bonds in terms of atomic STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-67 electron configuration 1. The stability of noble gases properties 2. Forming ions 2. the properties of ionic 2. state the octet rule STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-68 3. Ionic bonding compounds in relation 3. determine the charge of the ions formed 4. Ionic compounds to their structure by the representative elements and relate 5. Formulas this to their ionization energy or electron STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-69 6. Structure affinity, valence electron configuration 7. Properties and position in the periodic table K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 6 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD 4. draw the Lewis structure of ions STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-70 5. predict the formula of the ionic compound formed by a metal and non-metal among STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-71 the representative elements 6. Lewis structure of ionic compounds STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-72 7. list the properties of ionic compounds and explain these properties in terms of their STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-73 structure 8. (LAB) Perform exercises on writing Lewis structures of ions/ionic compounds and STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-74 molecules Covalent Bonds 1. covalent bond 9. describe covalent bonding in terms of STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-75 1. Formation of covalent bonds formation in terms of electron sharing 2. Formulas of molecular atomic properties 10. apply the octet rule in the formation of STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-76 compounds 2. the properties of molecular covalent compounds 3. Lewis structure of molecules molecular covalent 11. write the formula of molecular compounds 4. Molecules of elements compounds in formed by the nonmetallic elements of the STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-77 5. Molecules of compounds relation to their representative block 6. Structure and properties of structure 12. draw Lewis structure of molecular molecular compounds STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-78 covalent compounds 7. Strength of covalent bonds 13. explain the properties of covalent 8. Electronegativity and bond molecular compounds in terms of their STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-79 polarity structure. 9. Geometry of molecules 14. determine the polarity of a bond based on 10. Polarity of compounds the electronegativities of the atoms STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-80 forming the bond 15. describe the geometry of simple STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-81 compounds 16. determine the polarity of simple molecules STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-82 17. (LAB) Determine and/or observe STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-83 evidence of molecular polarity K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 7 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD Organic compounds the properties of organic 1. The carbon atom compounds and 1. describe the special nature of carbon STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-84 2. Bonding patterns in polymers in terms of 2. list general characteristics of organic hydrocarbons their structure STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-85 compounds 3. Properties and reactivities of common functional 3. describe the bonding in ethane, groups ethene(ethylene) and 4. Polymers ethyne(acetylene) and explain their STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-86 5. Biomolecules geometry in terms of hybridization and σ and ¶ carbon-carbon bonds 4. describe the different functional STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-87 groups 5. cite uses of representative examples of compounds bearing the different STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-88 functional groups 6. describe structural isomerism; give STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-89 examples 7. describe some simple reactions of organic compounds: combustion of STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-90 organic fuels, addition, condensation, and saponification of fats 8. describe the formation and structure of STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-91 polymers 9. give examples of polymers STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-92 10. explain the properties of some STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-93 polymers in terms of their structure 11. describe some biomolecules: proteins, STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-94 nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates 12. describe the structure of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-95 carbohydrates, and relate them to their function K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 8 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD 13. (LAB) Perform exercises on the structure of organic compounds using STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-96 of models 14. (LAB) Prepare selected organic compound and describe their STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-97 properties 15. (LAB) Perform laboratory activities on enzyme action, protein denaturation, STEM_GC11OC-IIg-j-98 separation of components in coconut milk Third Quarter – General Chemistry 2 Intermolecular Forces and 1. the properties of design a simple 1. use the kinetic molecular model to Liquids and Solids liquids and solids to investigation to determine STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c-99 explain properties of liquids and solids 1. Kinetic molecular model of the nature of forces the effect on boiling point liquids and solids between particles or freezing point when a 2. describe and differentiate the types of STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- 2. Intermolecular Forces 2. phase changes in solid is dissolved in water intermolecular forces 100 3. Dipole-dipole forces terms of the 4. Ion-dipole forces accompanying 3. predict the intermolecular forces STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- 5. Dispersion forces changes in energy possible for a molecule 101 6. Hydrogen bonds and forces between 7. Properties of liquids and particles 4. describe the following properties of IMF liquids, and explain the effect of 8. Surface Tension intermolecular forces on these STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- 9. Viscosity properties: surface tension, viscosity, 102 10. Vapour pressure, boiling vapor pressure, boiling point, and point molar heat of vaporization 11. Molar heat of vaporization 5. explain the properties of water with its STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- 12. Structure and Properties of molecular structure and intermolecular 103 Water forces 13. Types and properties of 6. describe the difference in structure of STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- solids crystalline and amorphous solids 104 14. Crystalline and amorphous solids 7. describe the different types of crystals STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- 15. Types of Crystals – ionic, and their properties: ionic, covalent, 105 molecular, and metallic. K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 9 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD covalent, molecular, 8. describe the nature of the following metallic phase changes in terms of energy STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- 16. Phase Changes change and the increase or decrease in 106 - phase diagrams of water molecular order: solid-liquid, liquid- and carbon dioxide vapor, and solid-vapor 9. interpret the phase diagram of water STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- and carbon dioxide 107 10. (LAB) Measure and explain the STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- difference in the viscosity of some 108 liquids 11. (LAB) Determine and explain the STEM_GC11IMF-IIIa-c- heating and cooling curve of a 109 substance Physical Properties of properties of solutions, 1. describe the different types of Solutions solubility, and the STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-110 solutions 1. Types of Solutions stoichiometry of 2. use different ways of expressing 2. Energy of solution reactions in solutions concentration of solutions: percent by formation mass, mole fraction, molarity, molality, STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-111 3. Concentration Units and percent by volume, percent by mass, comparison of ppm concentration units a. percent by mass, by 3. perform stoichiometric calculations for STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-112 volume reactions in solution b. mole fraction 4. explain the effect of temperature on c. molality STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-113 the solubility of a solid and of a gas d. molarity e. percent by volume, 5. explain the effect of pressure on the percent by mass, ppm STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-114 solubility of a gas 4. Solution stoichiometry 5. Factors affecting Solubility 6. describe the effect of concentration on STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-115 6. Colligative Properties of the colligative properties of solutions Nonelectrolyte and 7. differentiate the colligative properties electrolyte solutions of nonelectrolyte solutions and of STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-116 electrolyte solutions K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 10 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD 8. Calculate boiling point elevation and freezing point depression from the STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-117 concentration of a solute in a solution 9. calculate molar mass from colligative STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-118 property data 10. (LAB) Perform acid-base titration to STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-119 determine concentration of solutions 11. (LAB) Determine the solubility of a solid in a given amount of water at STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-120 different temperatures 12. (LAB) Determine the molar mass of a solid from the change of melting point STEM_GC11PP-IIId-f-121 or boiling point of a solution Thermochemistry energy changes in 1. explain the energy changes during STEM_GC11TC-IIIg-i-122 1. Energy Changes in chemical reactions chemical reactions Chemical Reactions: 2. distinguish between exothermic and STEM_GC11TC-IIIg-i-123 exothermic and endothermic processes endothermic processes 3. explain the first law of STEM_GC11TC-IIIg-i-124 2. First Law of thermodynamics Thermodynamics 4. explain enthalpy of a reaction. STEM_GC11TC-IIIg-i-125 3. Enthalpy of a Chemical Reaction 5. Write the thermochemical equation for STEM_GC11TC-IIIg-i-126 - thermochemical equations a chemical reaction 4. Calorimetry 6. Calculate the change in enthalpy of a STEM_GC11TC-IIIg-i-127 5. Standard Enthalpy of given reaction using Hess Law Formation and Reaction 7. (LAB) Do exercises on Hess’ Law STEM_GC11TC-IIIg-i-128 thermochemical calculations 8. (LAB)Determine the heat of STEM_GC11TC-IIIg-i-129 neutralization of an acid Chemical Kinetics 1. The rate of a 1. describe how various factors influence STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-130 1. The Rate of a Reaction reaction and the the rate of a reaction 2. Factors that influence various factors that 2. write the mathematical relationship reaction rate influence it between the rate of a reaction, rate STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-131 3. The Rate Law and its 2. the collision theory constant, and concentration of the K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 11 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD components reactants 4. Collision theory 3. differentiate zero, first-, and second- 5. Catalysis STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-132 order reactions 4. write the rate law for first-order STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-133 reaction 5. discuss the effect of reactant concentration on the half-time of a STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-134 first-order reaction 6. explain the effect of temperature on STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-135 the rate of a reaction 7. explain reactions qualitatively in terms STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-136 of molecular collisions 8. explain activation energy and how a STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-137 catalyst affects the reaction rate 9. cite and differentiate the types of STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-138 catalysts 10. (LAB)Determine the effect of various STEM_GC11CK-IIIi-j-139 factors on the rate of a reaction Fourth Quarter – General Chemistry 2 Chemical Thermodynamics spontaneous change, prepare a poster on a 1. predict the spontaneity of a process based 1. Spontaneous processes entropy, and free energy specific application of one STEM_GC11CT-IVa-b-140 on entropy 2. Entropy of the following: 2. determine whether entropy increases or 3. The Second Law of a. Acid-base decreases if the following are changed: STEM_GC11CT-IVa-b-141 Thermodynamics equilibrium temperature, phase, number of particles 4. Gibbs Free Energy and b. Electrochemistry Chemical Equilibrium 3. explain the second law of STEM_GC11CT-IVa-b-142 Include in the poster the thermodynamics and its significance concepts, principles, and 4. use Gibbs’ free energy to determine the chemical reactions involved, STEM_GC11CT-IVa-b-143 direction of a reaction and diagrams of processes Chemical Equilibrium Chemical equilibrium and other relevant 1. The equilibrium condition and Le Chatelier’s 1. describe reversible reactions STEM_GC11CE-IVb-e-144 materials K to 12 Senior High School STEM Specialized Subject – General Chemistry 1 and 2 December 2013 Page 12 of 17  K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) SPECIALIZED SUBJECT PERFORMANCE CONTENT CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING COMPETENCIES CODE STANDARD 2. Writing the reaction Principle 2. explain chemical equilibrium in terms of quotient/equilibrium the reaction rates of the forward and the STEM_GC11CE-IVb-e-145 constant expression reverse reaction 3. Predicting the direction of a 3. write expressions for the reaction reaction STEM_GC11CE-IVb-e-146 quotient/equilibrium constants 4. Significance of the equilibrium constant 4. explain the significance of the value of the STEM_GC11CE-IVb-e-147 5. Le Chatelier’s Principle equilibrium constant. 5. calculate equilibrium constant and the pressure or concentration of reactants or STEM_GC11CE-IVb-e-148 products in an equilibrium mixture 6. state the Le Chatelier’s principle and apply it qualitatively to describe the effect of STEM_GC11CE-IVb-e-149 changes in pressure, concentration and temperature on a system at equilibrium 7. (LAB) Describe the behavior of reversible STEM_GC11CE-IVb-e-150 reactions 8. (LAB) Describe the behavior of a reaction mixture when the following takes place: a. change in concentration of reactants STEM_GC11CE-IVb-e-151 or products b. change in temperature 9. (LAB) Perform calculations involving STEM_GC11CE-IVb-e-152 equilibrium of gaseous reactions Acid-Base Equilibria and Salt 1. acid-base equilibrium 1. define Bronsted acids and bases STEM_GC11AB-IVf-g-153 Equilibria and its applications 1. Bronsted acids and bases to the pH of 2. discuss the acid-base property of water STEM_GC11AB-IVf-g-154 2. The acid-base properties of solutions and the water use of buffer 3. define pH STEM_GC11AB-IVf-g-155 3. pH- a measure of acidity solutions 4. Strength of acids and bases 2. solubility equilibrium 4. calculate pH from the concentration of 5. Weak acids/weak bases and and its applicatio